36892 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 19, 1971 Hebert, chairman, Committee on Armed study of all aspects of crime affecting the survey; to the Committe on Interstate and Services; to the Committee on House Admin­ United States; to the Committee on Rules. Foreign Commerce. istration. H. Res. 651. Resolution creating a select By Mr. BLATNIK: committee to conduct an investigation and H. Res. 649. Resolution to authorize addi­ study of the care of the aged in the United PRIVATE BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS tional investigative authority to the Com­ States and the effects of Federal laws and mittee on Public Works; to the Committee on programs on the availability and quality of Under clause of rule XXII, Rules. care; to the Committee on Rules. Mr. ABOUREZK introduced a. bill (H.R. By Mr. HALPERN: H. Res. 652. Resolution expressing the 11346) for the relief of Ernesto Espino, which H. Res. 650. Resolution creating a select sense of the House with respect to disclosure was referred to the Committee on the committee to conduct an investigation and of the results of the national nutrit ion Judiciary.

EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS

ENERGY AND ECONOMY PROBLEMS House in which I declared that contract Contract negotiations under existing con­ ARE COMPLICATED BY COAL negotiations under existing controlled trolled economy conditions seem to me to re­ STRIKE CRISIS, SENATOR RAN­ economy conditions seem to me to re­ quire more than mere liaison between the DOLPH ASSERTS IN URGENT MES­ quire more than mere liaison between Government managing the controlled econ­ omy and the negotiating parties so that their SAGE TO PRESIDENT NIXON the Government managing the controlled negotiations can be meaningful and with­ economy and the negotiating parties so in guidelines. that their negotiations can be meaning­ JENNINGS RANDOLPH, HON. JENNINGS RANDOLPH ful and within guidelines. OF WEST VIRGINIA U.S. Senator. Frankly, I believe it is time for the IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES executive branch to move into action to THE WHITE HousE, Tuesday, October 19, 1971 help end. the coal stalemate. The negoti­ Washington, D.C., October 15, 1971. ating parties-under the extremely un­ DEAR SENATOR RANDOLPH: I WOUld like to Mr. RANDOLPH. Mr. President, it is usual conditions which prevail-need acknowledge receipt of your October 14: tele­ my observation that the September 30, guidance and guidelines. More--much gram to the President regarding the unpact 1971, end of the prior-negotiated con­ of the current work and production stop­ more-will be needed subsequently in the tract between the Bituminous Coal Op­ page in the coal industry and its threat to way of Government actions if guidance erators Association and the United Mine the nation's fuel _and energy supplies. You and guidelines are not forthcoming from Workers of America came at a most un­ may be assured your views regarding this sit­ the executive branch at once. uation will be brought to the President's fortunate time. In view of the fact that attention at the earliest opportunity and management and labor had not negoti­ Mr. President, I ask unanimous con­ sent to have printed in the RECORD the also shared with those wb.o are keeping the ated and signed a new contract, either situation under close observation. prior to the wage-price freeze imposed text of my message to the President and With cordial regards, by order of the President of the United the acknowledgment received from the Sincerely, States at mid-August or prior to the Sep­ White House in a letter from an assistant WILLIAM E. TIMMONS, tember 30 contract termination, it meant to the President, William E. Timmons. Assistant to the Presi dent. that the UMWA went out on strike Octo­ Also, Mr. President, I ask unanimous ber 1 under its traditional no contract­ consent to have printed in the RECORD [From t he Wheeling (W.Va.) News-Register, no work policy. Negotiations thereafter an editorial entitled "The Crisis With Oct. 15, 1971] under strike conditions were also under Coal," published in the Friday, Octo­ THE CRISIS WITH COAL ber 15, 1971, Wheeling Zenith's Mr. Wright believes that competition. We've seen only the beginning. On Page &-32, we advance a Strategy for 47,000 jobs have been lost to imports. William Wait until those Japanese [now selling Survival. We commend those imperatives to Sheskey, president of Commonwealth Shoe & strongly on the West Coast] get hold of the all who shudder lest the bell tolls for U.S. Leather Co. Inc., Whitman, Mass., and chair­ central part of the U.S." industry. man of the National Affairs Committee, Every imported car brings with it five for­ American Footwear Manufacturers Assn., says eign tires. The highly automated U.S. tire in­ RISING IMPORTS SWAMP Us that imported footwear had wiped out 76,250 dustry watched imports capture 10.6% of the (By William H. Miller) job opportunities in the U.S. by 1969 and U.S. tire market last year and expects further "Made in the U.S.A." is changing from that by 1975 the figure could reach 169,200. inroads due to increasing imports of foreign fact to question in world markets. "More than a quarter million textile and cars and the foreign lead in hot-selling radial Producer of 47% of the world's raw steel apparel jobs were displaced by the import tires. in 1950,last year the U.S. achieved only 20%. volume of these products in 1969 alone," esti­ NOTHING IS SAFE Dominant in world automaking with 76 % mates Donald F. McCullough, president of One industry that observers have long felt of the total in 1950, last year the U.S. built Collins & Aikman Corp., New York, and head would escape foreign competition is machin­ only 33% . of the American Textile Manufacturers Insti­ ery. Besides being capital-intensive, it in­ Virtually alone as a shipbuilder following tute (ATMI). volves high shipping costs, which were ex­ World War II, last year the U.S. built only IMPORT TIDE RISES pected to discourage imports. 2 % of the world's merchant ships. Consumer electronics was one of the first The expectation proved false; machinery Consistently first among the world's ma­ industries to feel the import shock. Low­ imports have tripled since 1964. Perhaps the chine tool builders year after year, the U.S. priced Japanese transistor radios began pour­ most painful example is foreign textile ma­ at the end of 1971 may rank fourth. ing into the U.S. in the late 1950s. By 1960 chinery, now taking 37 % of the U.S. market. Worse still, not only is the "'Made in some 55 % of all portable radios sold in this Penetration already has reached 11 % of the U.S.A." label fading abroad, but it is also country were of Asiatic origin, and that fig­ much larger metal cutting machine tool mar­ vanishing at home. Imports into the U.S. ure has been at 95%-virtually wiping out ket. As related to exports, says the Machinery this year apparently will account for: the American industry-since 1968. & Allied Products Institute, Washington, 9 out of 10 home radios. In 1962, Japanese imports had captured machinery imports have shot from 13 % in 1 of every 6 new cars sold. only 2.4% of the total black and white tele­ 1961 to 40 % in the first quarter of this year. 2 of every 5 pairs of shoes. vision market in the U.S. By 1970, these had In textile and leather machinery, the U.S. 1 of every 2 black and white TV sets. is running a deficit. risen to 51 %, increasing their share of the Consider home sewing machines, once pro­ Hundreds of import inroads could be U.S. market over 20 times in just eight years. cited-96% of our motorcycles, 30 % of In 1964, imports of Japanese color TV re­ duced by many U.S. companies. Now Singer ceramic tile, 90 % of baseball gloves, 30% of ceivers were 2.6% of the total market, which Corp., New York, is the only domestic manu­ bicycles, and 76 % of tennis rackets-but was then about 2.6 million units. In 1970, facturer; it builds all but its most expensive taken together they add up to the threat imports accounted for almost 18% of the models in Italy. of the first clear trade deficit for the U.S. doubled 5.2 million U.S. color set market. WHO'S NEXT? since 1893. In May 1971, exports of Japanese color TV No U.S. industry is safe from import com­ "Clear" because "in fact the nation has sets had increased 140% over May 1970, and petition, asserts Mr. Strackbein. "The theory been posting a deficit for several years in most of those sets came to the U.S. By 1976, that only labor-intensive products are sus­ terms of private commercial trade," con­ predicts Mr. Wright, imports will take 60% ceptible is wishful thinking. All products are tends 0. R. Strackbein, president of the Na­ of the projected U.S. consumer electronics labor-intensive if you take the process all the tionwide Committee on Import-Export Pol­ market. way back to the raw material stage." icy, Washington. "This unfavorable balance In footwear, an industry hit swiftly by Mr. Strackbein looks for computers and has been hidden by official reports," he be­ overseas competition, imports jumped from other high-technology products to be the lieves. 22 % of the U.S. market in 1967 to 32% last next targets. The U.S. has led in such prod­ "Why our government insists on report­ year. In 1971, forecasts the American Foot­ ucts, he believes, "because they're complex ii;tg our trade balances on the basis of f.o.b. wear Manufacturers Assn., they'll climb to and because we got the jump on everybody values of imports, and including government 36% with shoes-'the principal target­ else. But now the technology of other nations financed exports, to create the illusion that is catching up--partly because we've made reaching 42 %. patents available to them." everything is rosy, I do not know," agrees Apparel imports are rising a.t a rate of 12 Joseph S. Wright, chairman, Zenith Radio to 15% a year, now accounting for 68% George C. Wells, vice president-interna­ Corp., Chicago. "It results in our showing a of all sweaters sold in the U.S., 42% of all tional affairs, Union Carbide Corp., New York, $13 billion trade surplus from 1966 to 1970 men's and boy's woven dress and sport shirts, thinks the chemical industry, which ac­ when in fact we really had a $16 billion deT- and 28% of women's and children's woven counted for $2.4 billion of the U.S. total $2.7 1cit if you deduct government financed ex­ blouses, data from the American Apparel b1llon trade surplus last year, could be hit. ports and add 10% to imports to approxi­ He notes the same symptoms in chemicals Manufacturers Assn. indiclllte. that affected the steel industry: imports ris­ mate actual landed cost." In textiles, U.S. firms have been suffering But first in this century or not, a balance ing faster than exports, and a declining share a trade deficilt since 1958, with a record of the world market. of trade deficit will be no fluke. "It looks like $1.6 billion gap last year says the ATMI. we will be running a trade deficit as a regu­ Most surprising and most worrisome is the The aircraft industry is stirring uneasily, lar thing from now on," reports John Hein, trend in once U.S.-dominated manmade too, with jofht venture aircraft projects un­ international economist for the Conference fibers. Imports have shot from less than 1 derway in Europe, the Soviet Union actively Board Inc., New York. Mr. Hein's evaluation billion equivalent square yards in 1967 to seeking export sales, and Japan developing is based on studies of trade projections an annual rate of nearly 4 billion through its first jet transport. through the mid-1980s. May of this year. Industry leaders clearly are concerned. PLUMMETING PROFITS "Steel requires help--and needs it now," JUST THE OTHER GUY? pleaded Roger S. Ahlbrandt, president and Closer to the jugular vein of U.S. business Some contend that "electronics, shoes, ap­ chief executive officer of Allegheny Ludlum is the unmistakable impact that market parel, and textiles are labor-intensive and Industries Inc., Pittsburgh, to a Senate sub­ competition has had on profits. thus vulnerable to foreign competition." But committee. Last year, profits dropped to an average of capital-intensive American industries aa-e "The basic issue, in its simplest terms, is

modern American industry~for the first about $449, as against $1,200 to $1,600 for the rest of the world to follow wherever that time-is in a fight for its very survival. similar Japanese sets there," says Mr. Wright. whim leads. If we're losing out in the game of trade, are "But Japanese regulations still block free "We need a new foreign economic policy trade rules the problem? entry of necessary repair parts, and the that is pragmatic anct businesslike," says Japanese are notorious for applying what Mr. Malmgren, "but you can't put together they call 'administrative guidance' to influ­ a new policy that involves government and TRADE RULES TIE OUR HANDS ence sales outlets in the handling of export industry alike unless you have a consensus (By Floyd G. Lawrence) goods." to make it work. Government structure and U.S. industries on their knees seemed as Militating against other would-be traders bureaucratic inertia alone will be formidable unlikely two decades ago as the prospect ?f is the Japanese system of import licenses obstacles in the path of change. But the men driving a car on the moon. Dominant 1n and exchange controls. Plans for goods and crucial issue is how business interests can domestic and foreign markets, U.S. industrial material required by the Japanese economy be factored in across the board and a con­ technology and productivity were multiply­ are drawn up to cover commodities like iron sensus reached leading to movement rather ing so furiously that our concern was with ore, coking coal, or steel scrap. If there is no than to stalemate." getting the world gainfully employed to buy. "need" to import, as in the case of steel mill ACTION OR REACTION? It looks now as though we may have over­ products for example, there is no plan and done it, particularly in the case of Japan. hence no import license. The very pressures which make industry For the growing redness in the U.S. balance Japan arrays not only a good defense but consensus imperative are tOday fostering of trade is cast heavily by the Rising Sun. a good offense as well. "In the area of export "increasing and alarming polarization of in­ Through the first half of 1971, the Japan­ incentives, there is good reason to believe dustry views on U.S. trade policy," in the U.S. trade imbalance was running in Japan's that the Japanese government proVides a words of Lee L. Morgan, executive vice presi­ favor--at a $2.8 billion annual rate-while whole host of subsidies beginning with the dent, Caterpillar Tractor Oo., Peoria, Til. He U.S. trade with the rest of the world was remission of a commodity tax and including agrees that an aocommodation must be headed toward a $1.3 billion surplus. Japan's such things as export credits at cut-rate in­ achieved. official foreign exchange reserves during the terest, subsidization of research and develop­ "By accommodation I don't mean the kind period passed $12.5 billion, exceeding for the ment, interest-free or low interest production of expedient compromise thart; says, 'If you'll first time those of the U.S. itself. loans, accelerated depreciation and a variety tolerate my selfish interests, I'll tolerate Seeking to build a strong economy in Asia, of other tax advantages, as well as insurance yours.' I mean rather accommodating the we have permitted Japan to deal with the against loss in export," says Mr. Wright. legitimate needs of vital sectors of the U.S. economy to the needs of the nation as a U.S. like a less-developed nation. Raw ma­ THE AMERICAN WAY terials to fuel Japanese industry, together whole." "Unfortunately we seem to have a peculiar If any consensus is yet emerging, it is with agricultural products, account for some American tendency to wind up with the short 70% of Japan's imports from us. In contrast growing agreement that reactions based on end in negotiating international trade a-gree­ political expediency must be replaced by ac­ with the low technological and labor content ments," believes Mr. Wright. 'The fact is of our products which Japan buys, about tions based on economic reason. Just as that while our general Agreement on Tariffs corporate planning spans the longer term­ 90% of Japan's exports to this country are and Trade (GATT) arrangements bave manufer, aircraft, MODERNIZATION GAP ment across to the public may in part be a and nonferrous metals industries combined. But will they? In 1960-68, new investment matter of semantics, suggests Mr. Terborgh. And it is enough to lead Secretary of Com­ in plant and equipment in Japan represented Use of the term ."job development program" merce Maurice H. Stans to say: "What are our 33 % of its gross national product. West Ger.: in Mr. Nixon's investment credit proposal is priorities? We need to weigh environmental many invested 25%, followed closely by Italy, one example. "The public and labor must be goals against economic reality." France, and Sweden, with the United King­ made to understand that tax concessions for Environmental needs clearly are important, dom (17%) and the U.S. (16 %) bringing new tools benefit all of us and not just the Secretary Stans and others are saying, and up the rear. corporations. As they accelerate investment they cannot be ignored. But our society has and technological progress, they benefit the "It may astound many to learn that the other needs which a commitment of this size consumer. Of equal importance, they pro­ could do much to meet, as Industry Week Japanese can actually afford to scrap a seven­ vide the funds for new jobs for workers. illustrates. And, more basic still, a strong and or eight-year-old mill in order to substitute That is the message we must begin to get viable industry is the key not only to the a more efficient one," says Stewart S. Cart, across." technological means of achieving our en- 36902 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 19, 1971 vironmental goals, but also to the economic less we can somehow imbue them with our our production processes, and our dist ribu­ strength demanded if we are to achieve our environmental idealism, we are likely to tion. We must expect to cooperate with gov­ other goals as a society. prove the point quite conclusively. ernment in the burdensome keeping of rec­ "The fact is," Secretary Stans adds, "that Bu.t important though the displacement ords and gathering of technical data con­ American companies will have increased their of capital may be in itself, there are other cerning thousands of products and countless pollution control spending by almost 50% implications in our actions that are per­ components and their distribution and use. this year over last; industry will spend some haps more serious. Industry needs energy no "It means time and money spent by our $18 billion over the next five years to meet less than it needs tools. executives and associations in the develop­ the requisite standards." Within the last month, as a result of en­ ing of new standards of performance ... And, vironmentalist pressures, the Atomic Energy finally, we are keenly aware of the inevita­ AMAZEMENT FROM ABROAD Commission agreed to "review the thermal bility of loss of sales and jobs by adverse Foreign competitors have not yet assumed effects on the environment" of 106 nuclear (and perhaps misinterpreted) publicity in any such cost burden. Nor are there any powerplants, 15 of which are already in op­ the marketplace, or inaccurate information, signs that they imminently will, reports a eration and could be shut dDwn. or erroneous findings released by the ad­ government official closely involved in seek­ About 92 million megawatts of electrical ministrator," said Mr. Groner. ing international environmental goals. "There energy, equal to 27% of the nation's present Consumer class action bills comprise a are honest differences between nations as to generating capacity, was to have been pro­ third major area, permitting the consumers what constitutes a hazard to human health. duced by the plants. Further delay alone will to band together to correct anything the Many abroad are frankly amazed by our add cost, while a likely concession of added other pieces of legislation may have failed views in this country and clearly regard our cooling towers to "prDtect the envirDnment to catch. Richard D. Godown, associate gen­ standards as unnecessarily extreme. Since it from hot water"~the effects of which are eral counsel of the NAM, pointed out in tes­ is standards that establish the level of con­ far from fully understood-would add more. timony on these bills that "all manufactur­ trol and determine cost, the disparity is like­ Other examples of crescendoing constraints ers, and big concerns in particular, would ly to be long term rather than short." on the development and utilization of re­ !all prey to harassment and strike suits. It is Nor does he hold out much hope to those sources might be cited, ranging from the small comfort to be told that plaintiffs have who expect things to even up as a result well-known delay in the construction of the to prove their cases. The cost of defense is of the United Nations Conference on the Alaska pipeline to continuing charges that formidable enough so that it cannot be Human Environment at Stockholm, Sweden, the Reserve Mining Co. is "polluting" Lake winked at by any U.S. company. And the in June 1972. "There will be (representa­ Superior by dumping inert taconite tailings public relations damage-the adverse pub­ tives of] over 100 countries in attendance, of \nto a trench 900 ft deep-despite prior per­ licity which flows from simply being named which some 75 or 80 will be less developed mits from both the state and federal in such a suit--is costly in other terms.'' countries with objectives entirely different governments. "To the extent that new laws and new from ours. MORE HARASSMENT AHEAD? officials de protect the consumer against "Many developing countries say frankly fraud and deception, and safeguard his But if regulated cost disparities and grow­ they would welcome pollution if it fostered health an<'. safety," says Mr. Roche, "they their economic development and industrial­ ing restrictions of energy and resources in­ sufficiently jeopardize American industry, at­ are good. But too much of this new develop­ ization. Some are talking among themselves ment is unnecessary, and does not deliver a about opportunities as pollution havens as tacks are now being mounted to undermine the American free market system itself. value to the consumer commensurate with a result of environmental restrictions of the the :rotential higher cost in taxes and higher more developed countries," he reports. "American business, from the perspective prices. Confronted with unwillingness to sacrifice of the world, is plainly in trouble," says "Also to :_:)rotect the consumer, it has been economics for environment in many coun­ James M. Roche, chairman, General Motors mandated that many of the products he buys tries abroad, he indicates our government be­ Corp., Detroit. "Yet at a time when we must be altered. In this way, too, consumer choice lieves the most likely forum to seek positive work together to bolster our ability to com­ is sometimes unnecessarily reduced, and results on environmental discrepancies is pete against others, our system is being costs are added without equivalent increase the Organization for Economic Cooperation criticized by many whose professed aim is to alter 'the role and influence of corporations in value," believes Mr. Roche. & Development (OECD}. "The membership "I am seriously concerned--deeply con­ not only consists of countries that account and corporate management in and upon cerned-at what may prove to be an impos­ for 80% of Free World trade," he explains, American society.' sible burden on our company, the indus­ "but also, these are the countries which have "Their ultimate aim is to alienate the try, and the consumer in the years immedi­ the most nearly similar interests and con­ American consumer from business," warns ately ahead," Henry Ford II, chairman, told cerns about the environment. Mr. Roche. "If the consumer can be con­ shareholders attending the Ford Motor Co. "We are pushing to get agreement in the vinced that he really does not know what is annual :;::neeting this year. "I am referring to OECD that all member countries accept the good for him-and this is what the critics try the growing burden of sometimes arbitrary principle that the polluter bears the cost of to do--then freedom leaves free enterJ)rise. legislative and regulatory requirements that tpollutijng," he says. "The importance of For if the consumer cannot protect his own interest, then someone else must do it. That could paralyze this industry or price our pro­ this is that if other countries subsidize pol­ ducts out of reach of many car buyers." lution control for manufacturers, our indus­ someone else will then dictate what can be made, what can be sold, and at what price." Mr. Ford estimates that "just to cover the try will be at a competitive disadvantage cost of meeting emission control and vehicle because the costs will not be reflected Legislative proposals now pending before safety standards between now and 1975, the directly in their products. But even if the Congress illustrate the direction of the pres­ suggested retail price of an average Ford car polluter does pay in all developed countries," sures Mr. Roche describes. One group of bllls in this country might be as much as $600 he c.autions, "these costs still could differ would create a statutory Office of Consumer higher than the current price, without any substantially between countries because of Affairs with authority to act as advocate of added profit margin or return on our very differences in pollution standards." consumer interests in agency and court pro­ substantial investment." And on that score he is not optimistic. ceedings. But as John Stuart, director of "Business does its job when it provides "We have explored setting international marketing for the National Assn. of Manu­ useful jobs at high wages, when it provides standards for pollution control with other facturers (NAM), pointed out to members useful products at fair prices, when 1t pro­ countries in the OECD and the general of the House Subcommittee on Legislation vides economic growth that produces taxes view seems to be that it's just not realistic & Military Operations, defining the consum­ for government and earnings for stockhold­ because the circumstances are so different er interest is not always easy. "Two groups of ers. These are the longstanding social re­ from country to country," he explains. "But public interest lawyers are sharply divided sponsibilities of business," believes Mr. that's not surprising when you realize that over the Alaska pipeline," Mr. Stuart noted, Roche. "one having sympathies for underprivileged many of our own environmental experts "Today our task is to achieve our national question the economic sense of common Indians whose public interest was in jobs social objectives at the least possible cost to standards throughout the U.S. itself." and a better living, while the other lawyers our society, to assure full value for the dol­ represented environmentalists who felt lars that must be spent, to mount an efficient POVERTY IS UGLY, TOO ecology was the greater public interest." Antonie T. Knoppers, chairman, U.S. effort. This clearly," observes Mr. Roche, "is Product safety legislation, the subject of a job where business and businessmen have Council of the International Chamber of another group of bills pending, would cover much to contribute." Commerce, and president, Merck & Co., Rah­ new or existing products "customarily sold It may well be that the very survival o! way, N.J., told world business leaders at for household or personal consumption"-a Vienna, Austri.a, that "industry and all other our entire enterprise system may require a categorization to which an exception would new "attack" .•• polluters could do more to keep our air ~d be hard to find. Stanley Groner, vice presi­ water resources cleaner than in the past, but dent-group services, AMF I.nc., New York, told always at a price. The question in its most SURVIVAL DEMANDS NEW "PARTNERSHIP OF the Senate Commerce Committee on behalf PURPOSE" brutal form is when does the price become of the NAM: too steep? Shutting down a polluting plant "We can report to you that industry (By Perry Pascarella and Joseph J. Fenley) that would be uneconomic to renovate can broadly accepts the objectives of these bills. So what if American jobs are being priced cost jobs. "If pollution is ugly," observes Dr. We have no illusions as to what this may out of existence? That's labor's problem. Knoppers, "so is poverty." mean. It may mean having to accept a dom­ So what if plants aren't being modernized Other countries less affluent than ourselves inant and oft-times harassing and costly fast enough? That's industry's problem. already understand that quite clearly. Un• government intrusion into our engineering, So what 1! there were a decline in the October 19, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 36903 number of manufacturers and workers to taxation, to offer something !or nothing. It of manufacturing facilities abroad by U.S. tax? The politicians could find the money we is almost axiomatic that, if we have, as now, firms. need elsewhere. a large proportion of the population on wel­ The :first wave of U.S. owned facilities Each of us fits into a group-with its own fare and other subsidies, then, in general, our abroad represented an attempt to get a share problem. With companies, industries, labor legislators will increasingly seek to improve of the world market that we could not reach groups, and the public each serving Sf'lf• the lot of such persons at the expense of via exports. Our high labor rates, tax laws, interests, won't we achieve the best results higher income groups in order to secure their and other burdens had already handicapped for all? votes. The final equilibrium of such a system us in producing here for sale abroad. The The truth is, this "adversary system" has can only be an undermotivated, underin­ jobs that such an opportunity could have worked in good times but has been aban­ comed nation." presented were already lost. doned during wars and depressions while Top labor executives are using their But of greater concern today is the second everyone worked toward a common goal. "monopoly power," says Dr. Robinson, to de­ wave-faclllties being built overseas by U.S. In the world economic contest we have mand wages that allow for increasing tax firms to protect their markets here. They no common goal. But we still have time to rates and the inflation that their own in­ have been forced offshore to compete with establish one and apply ourselves to it-­ creasing wage rates cause. imports coming into the U.S. We now see jobs all of us. BALANCE OUR POWER being created abroad rather than here. "This is an early warning stgn that our "The national economic units created in Any attempt to establish a national pro­ Japan and the Common Market, and coming competitive position is being eroded," says gram for survival will have to face up to the Harold B. Scott, acting assistant secretary of in Russia and China, will force economic re­ restructuring of power within the U.S. It will assessmenrt; in the U.S.," says Roger S. Ahl­ commerce for domestic and international have to consider bringing unions under the business. "We must proVide as competitive brandt, president, Allegheny Ludlum In­ antitrust laws. dustries Inc., Pittsburgh. "Antagonisms will a climate here as is possible . . . a climate It's urgent that we restore "balance to the in which it will be economically feasible for have to disappear or be set aside. We can't collective bargaining process," says Phlllp D. afford them any longer since we are now, companies to return production here." Block Jr., chairman, Inland Steel Co., Chi· Our laws, policies, and attitudes are bring­ and will be more so in the future, in direct cago. "The excessive labor settlements of re­ competition with unified national economic ing us to a crisis. We must face the fact cent years have been products of monopoly that we are in economic danger-that hun­ systems," he warns. labor power and practices which have over­ "Unified national economic systems" dreds of thousands of jobs are being lost to whelmed the bargainlng process. These prac­ foreign competitors or to the overseas manu- doesn't sound like free enterprise talk. But a tices have been fostered by an indulgent pub­ growing number of leading businessmen are faoturing facilities of U.S. firms. · lic attitude toward labor unions, and by the What we need is a "partnership of pur­ talking that way. implicit support of Congress and many gov­ "The free enterprise system needs new defi­ pose" among government, industry, and ernmental agencies." labor, says Jack J. carlson, president, Kaiser nltion," believes William H. Moore, chair­ At the same time, any strategy for survival man, Bankers Trust Co., New York. "It cannot Steel Corp., Oakland, Calif. Each segment will have to include an evaluation of our of the economy must be willing to engage be the barroom brawl of the turn of the cen­ antitrust laws and their impa~t on the com­ tury. in new practices. Industry must innovate petitiveness of U.S. firms. ''Where there has and stay ahead in the technology race. Gov­ "The numbers are now too big for the been pressure from imports, it makes sense public and private sectors to go their sep­ ernment should share in this goal. Labor to allow more mergers," says Harald B. must search for new ways to increase its arate ways. The bottom of the tax barrel is Malmgren, president, Malmgren Inc. Anti­ produotivity, he believes. being reached, and when earnings can no trust policy that prevented mergers in the longer replenish our businesses, the taxes will A new partnership "is unquestionably textile industry, which would have benefited needed in the decade ahead," agrees Mr. continue. What then-nationalization? Con­ smaller firms by their absorption into larger fiscation?" he asks. Scott. The relationship of business and firms with financial resources, "was a stu­ government will be much more intimate. Mr. Ahlbrandt calls for a "coherent foreign pidity," believes Mr. Malmgren, who was a Government has traditionally functioned as economic policy." He believes it is "imperative high level trade expert in the Johnson Ad­ for · the U. S. to formulate, as quickly as the regulator. In the future, the role of gov­ ministration. ernment will have to be much more sup­ possible, a strategy and policy for interna­ "There are many things we might like to portive." tional trade, one which wlll protect our na­ do in the way of mergers and acquisitions to tion's vital interests, just as the vital in­ Mr. Grymes of Koppers says, "The survival give us more efficient operations that we are of each part of our system may indeed de­ terests of competing economies are being pro­ precluded from doing," says W. Michael tected." pend upon how we forge an alliance among Blumenthal, president, Bendix Corp., Detroit. government, business, and labor. It will only How do our foreign competitors protect "We need to revaluate antitrust policy in themselves? "In both West Germany and be the interaction of these three groups that terms of multinational operations," says will produce a system that is tolerable to Japan, a new type of enterprise has arisen in Robert Bjork, chairman, MacKay-Shields all three and is workable and profitable for the last 25 years which squarely aligns gov­ Economics Inc., New York. "We need a more all." ernment participation with business," says relaxed and realistic approa~h. We need to We must face these truths: Douglas Grymes, president, Koppers Co. Inc., determine if we need exemptions to enable Pittsburgh. "The result is a planned econ­ Labor can secure jobs only if we have a American firms to compete abroad on an strong economy. omy . . . I'm not at all sure theirs is more equal basis." planned than ours-! think it's just better Our society can tackle major problems that planned." DESIGN LAWS FOR COMPETITIVENESS stand in the way of greatness only if we In a study of Japan's economic policy, the The antitrust laws try to encourage effi­ have an industrial machine big enough to Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco states: ciency, and this does not run against the deliver the solutions. "To carry out export-expansion plans, the notion of an expanding world market, argues Free enterprise can survive only if we are Ministry ~f International Trade & Industry a Justice Dept. spokesman. There is not a enterprising; only if we do all the things constantly confers with company represent­ direct correlation between company size and that are necessary to make ourselves com­ atives about the allocation of resources and, efficiency. The efficiency that's encouraged by petitive. through administrative guidance, even sets U.S. antitrust laws will help make for suc­ Unless we form a "partnership of pur­ minimum sizes for industrial plants. The cess in world markets. pose" we will continue to work at cross pur­ Ministry of Finance, through the Bank of But laws designed to foster competition poses and achieve none of these things. Japan, meanwhile funnels funds to areas with within our national bountla.ries aren't work­ The matter of economic competitiveness the highest growth potential. ing in world competition. Perhaps they give is not a problem for industry alone. Rather, "Thus, government policies work to con­ too much support to firms that .aren't com- it is a test of our ability to organize our centrate new investment in those areas where petitive. • talents and resources to serve our hopes world demand is highest. Also, by backing the One possible reason some of the foreign for a better life. extremely high use of corporate debt to economies are stronger than ours, says Mr. What we need is a Strategy for Survival. finance growth, the Ministry of Finance and Grymes of Koppers, is that their profit mo­ the Bank of Japan play a key part in setting tive is even stronger. "The weak and non­ the pace and direction of expansion." profitable companies are stripped away and The study lists other a.reas of cooperation the available energy and money are guided HOUSE RESOLUTION 630 such as tax deductions on income earned into the planned and profltable companles. from exports, special interest rates on short­ In a free enterprise system, only the strong term export bills, favorable terms on long­ companies are supposed to surVive. But in the HON. ANDREW JACOBS, JR. term export financing, and government in­ U.S., we protect the weak and hamstring the OF XNDIANA surance on certain risks for which priva.te strong through a variety of antitrust laws." insurance is not ava.ila.ble. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES THREAT UPON THREAT By contrast, our political system is leading Tuesday, October 19, 1971 to divisiveness, fears Dr. Herbert Robinson, Deterioration of the proper climate for in­ president, International Maalagem.ent Sys­ dustry in the U.S. has led to a development Mr. JACOBS. Mr. Speaker, I was won­ tems Corp. " •.. The quickest way to obtain that is as frightening to some as the threat dering, in view of the events of the past votes is through government spending and from foreign producers: the establishment few weeks in Saigon, if any Member of 36904 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 19, 1971 Congress or any member of the executive I ask unanimous consent that the poem ship of parents, community, State and local branch would care to say he or she iS be printed in the Extensions of Re­ governments". Aside from establishing the willing, from this day forward, to give his marks. State as the third parent, this is a noble There being no objection, the poem was statement, but as ensuing sections will bear or her life, limb, sanity or freedom­ out, planning and operation of child devel­ POW even for another day-further to orderer developing a Compre­ economically disadvantaged persons. children of employees of the Federal govern­ hehsive Child Development Plan. In general, AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS ment. Sec. 562 (a) provides that not more language of the bill would lead one to believe SEC. 530 authorizes appropriations for each than 80% of the total cost of programs dur­ that in any case, the CDC's and LPC's have and every year " ... such sums as· may be ing the first two years, and not more than authority and control over child development necessary to carry out the provisions of this 40 % thereafter shall be paid from Federal plans· and progfams. The subtitle Federal title". Such an open ended provision satisfies funds. Sec. 562 (b) provides that the non­ Standards for Child Development Services provisions of Sec. 531(g) which requires that Federal share may be provided through clarifies any misunderstanding. Sec. 533(a) no State or local unit of government "shall public or private funds " ... and employer clearly states that the Secretary shall "pro­ reduce expenditures for child development contributions". Remember, this Title per­ mulgate a common set of program standards and day care by reasons of assistance under tains to children of employees of the Federal which shall be applicable to all programs this title". This amounts to a mandate to government. providing child development services with spend. Federal assistance". This section puts to rest TITLE V-EVALUATION AND TECHNICAL OFFICE OF CHILD DEVELOPMENT the belief that child development progra~ps ASSISTANCE will be of local determination. To further the SEC. 532 directs the Office of Child Develop­ EVALUATION myth of local control. Sec. 533(b) establishes ment to be established in the Department of HEW, for which "such funds as may be SEc. 571 requires enumeration and descrip­ a speeial committee on Federal standards for tion of all Federal activities which affect child child development services. "Such committee necessary" are provided to carry out the functions of the OCD. To assure Federal development, analysis of expenditures for shall participate in the development of Fed­ such activities, determination of effectiveness eral Standards !or Child Development Serv­ control, Sec. 532 also mandates the Presi­ dent to establish "mechanisms" for coordina­ and results of expenditures and activities. ices. Note that the Secretary will promulgate But there is not ONE word about requiring the standards-the special committee merely tion of State and local programs using Fed­ "participates". eral assistance. evaluation of child development programs, their success or failure. However, to carry out COMPREHENSIVE CHILD DEVELOPMENT PLANS DEVELOPMENT OF UNIFORM CODE FOR FACILITIES the "enumeration" "description" "effective­ This subtitle establishes the requirements SEc. 534(a) (b) directs the Secretary to ness of expenditures", the Secretary is au­ for a com.prehensive child development pro­ appoint a special committee to consist of thorized to enter into contracts with public gram which must include a career develop- parents and children in development pro- or private, profit or non-profit agencies or 36906 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 19, 1971 individuals to carry out the provisions of And as assurance of dissemination of federal ment will! Remember that quote from the Sec. 571. directives, Sec. 585 (c) creates a Child De­ Report to the President of the White House TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE velopment Research Council represented by Conference on Children: SEC. 574(a) provides that the Secretary Federal educational and health agencies, "to "A daycare program that ministers to a shall provide technical assistance "on a con­ assure coordination of activities under their child from six months to six years of age tinuing basis" to assist in developing and jurisdiction and to carry out the provisions has over 8,000 hours to teach hiin values, carrying out child development plans. This of this title ..." fears, beliefs and behaviors." Will assure a continuous flow of Federal TITLE VII-GENERAL PROVISIONS The government is serious about raising funds and an impetus and assurance of fed­ your children. Are you? eral control. Sec. 574(b) allows the Secretary FEDERAL CONTROL NOT AUTHORIZED S. 2007 must now be conferred upon to to provide funds to the Local Policy Councils It should be noted that this subtitle does reach a mutual agreement with the Senate, (remember, these are primarily the parents not say "Federal Control Prohibited". It says as it was passed as an amendment to the who think they are making decisions) for ex­ "Federal Control Not Authorized" There is a Senate Bill. While the bill is in conference, penses for their part in child development difference. Sec. 593 states that no depart­ write to your Senators and Congressmen (if projects. This assures a continuous interest ment, agency etc. of the U.S. shall "exercise you have written already, write again) to at the local level for agitation for more child any direction, supervision or control over or express your views on government controlled development activities. impose any requirements or conditions with child development. Write or wire President respect to the personnel, curriculum, meth­ Nixon and ask him to veto the bill. After 'ITI'LE VI-NATIONAL CENTER FOR CHILD ods of instruction or administration of any you've done everything you can, pray! DEVELOPMENT AND EDUCATION educational institution". How does this state­ NATIONAL CENTER FOR CHILD DEVELOPMENT ment apply to child development facilities? SEC. 582 (a) establishes that in the Office While education is a part of early childhood of Child Development there will be an agency programs, the supposed goal is totai develop­ ment of the child. Since this section applies CHARLEY PRIDE, ENTERTAINER OF known as the National Center for Child THE YEAR Development. No mention of who will run to "educational institutions" and not to it, how he or she will be chosen, at what "child development facilities", what is the salary. scope of Federal control over child develop­ HON. LEE METCALF SEC. 582 (b) (1) establishes that activities ment facilities? Sec. 597 (e) differentiates in of the Center shall include research to "de­ designating "schools" and "child develop­ OF MONTANA termLne the nature of child development ment facilities", so it must be assumed that IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES the Federal government does recognize a processes and the impact of various influ­ Tuesday, October 19, 1971 ences on them". Also, "Research to determine difference. how child development programs conducted DEFINITIONS Mr. METCALF. Mr. President, a few in either home or institutional settings posi­ This subtitle defines certain terms used in years ago I was on a plane returning to tively affect child development processes". the bill. It offers the definition of "handi­ Washington from Billings, Mont., and I Clearly then, research on child development capped" which was covered in the discus­ sat down beside Charley Pride who had has yet to be done and thus, children will be sion of Sec. 524(b) (8). Also defined 1s "pro­ used as experimental objects-guinea pigs­ gram" as "any mechanism" which "includes boarded the plane at Great Falls. I met for how else can the nature of child develop­ special arrangements under which child de­ Charley Pride when he was playing base­ ment processes be determined. Will parents velopment activities may be provided." Sec. ball for the East Helena Smelterites at be advised of experimental situations? What 597(f) defines "parent" as "any person who East Helena, Mont., and singing at the protection will parents and children have has day to day responsibility for a child or U and I Club there. Later, Charley moved against research activities that may have children." Is the parent the worker in the to Great Falls and continued to work at detrimental effects on the child or his fam­ child development facility? Or is the State the smelter in Great Falls and sang at ily? What kind of research will be done in the Third Parent? the Red Barn, but he came to Helena ..home settings"? Will the privacy of the The assurance of adequate safeguards to home be violated by "live-in" researchers? eliminate the possibility of infringement and appeared a couple of times a week at The rearing of children in the home by their upon or usurpation of the moral and legal the Silver Spur. He was a darned good parents is a God given right and responsibil­ rights and responsibilities of the legal par­ ball player and a better singer in those ity, and for the undertaking of this privilege, ents or guardians in the raising of their chil­ days. When I met him on the plane, He has imbued conscientious and even not­ dren was added in Sec. 595. That such a pro­ Charley told me he was going East to so-conscientious parents with a remarkable vision was lacking in the original bill and had make some records and appear on a ability that has stood the test of time, with­ to be added as an after-thought to the Senate out benefit of governmental interference. couple of shows. bill, S. 2007 is an indication of the direction The other night I tuned in on the last GENERAL AUTHORITY OF THE CENTER of the thinking that went into the drafting half of the annual Country Music Asso­ SEC. 583 establishes that the NCCDE is an of this legislation. The message is clear: The autonomous entity with authority "to do all State is All. ciation awards presentation, and the first things necessary" under its authority, ham­ It is shocking to find that many parents singer I caught was Charley. Later on in pered only by "limits of available appropria­ and taxpayers are unconcerned about the that presentation Charley Pride, of tions". Sec. 583 (d) establishes that the au­ prospect of government controlled child de­ Sledge, Miss., who played a little ball thority of the NCCDE includes, "but not velopment. and sang a few songs in Montana was limited to" the authority to acquire real and Concerned parents insist they will never al­ awarded the title of Entertainer of the personal property "of all kinds necessary" low their children to be "developed" by the Year and Male Vocalist of the Year, in for or resulting from "the exercise of au­ government. Maybe so. But what about the Country Music. thority granted by this title". grandchildren? The possibility of a tax bur­ SEc. 583 (f) authorizes the NOODE to den so heavy that mothers will have to put Montana is proud that Charley Pride "accept and utilize the services of voluntary their children in developmental care to allow spent a part of his career in our State. and uncompensated personnel . . ." In the them to go to work to keep a roof overhead. Montana is proud that his singing caught Report of the Joint Commission on Mental In the Report to the President of the White the attention of the national audience. Health of Children, upon whose recommen­ House Conference on Children, this coercive We feel that had he not caught on as a dations child development legislation 1s based, it is recommended that volunteers be suggestion is made: "alteration of tax sched­ singer, he would have made it in baseball. used in child development programs, and in­ ules to provide tax relief to families who On behalf of his friends and fans in cluded such suggestions as "ex-alcoholics, have children in development care." Montana I salute double winner Charley rehabilitated mental patients, delinquents People who do not have children should Pride. and criminals who are purposefully seeking a be especially concerned for their taxes will I ask nnanimous consent that the fol­ centering point for their lives". (p. 136) provide a large share of the money needed to lowing articles be printed in the RECORD. ANNUAL REPORT raise their neighbor's children. Legislation for government controlled child There being no objection, the articles An amusing aspect of The Comprehensive development is the most revolutionary legis­ were ordered to be printed in the RECORD, Child Development Act 1s the requirement lation passed in recent years. Just a short a.s follows: under this subtitle that the NCCDE issue time ago it would not be thought possible. [From the Washington Post, Dec. 13, 19701 an annual report in which "Supplemental Those members of Congress who are promot­ BLACK SINGER OF WHITE "SoUL" or dissenting views and recommendations, if ing this type Gf legislation are doing so with any, shall be included in this report". Is it a zeal that is fired by an unholy dedication. (By Eugene L. Meyer) reasonable to expect that any bureaucrat Your zeal to protect your children and pre­ The East Tennessee woman, wary about under the thumb of the Federal government serve the integrity of your family must sur­ selling her home to the antipoverty worker, will issue "dissenting views"? pass their zeal. tells him: "I don't want you to go reselling COORDINATION OF RESEARCH Your children and grandchildren can't the house to a.ny colored." Then her face SEC. 585 (b) assures the Secretary total speak for themselves. You have an obligation breaks into a smile. "Except you can sell it control of all research and training efforts. to act for them. If you don"t the govern- to Charley Pride." October 19, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 36907 Another place. Newark, N.J., and Charley ••I wanted to go into the major leagues, sign in the window of the country bar (the Pride is singing country and western songs break old records and make new ones, and kind of bar that was called a roadhouse in in his baritone voice with its Southern then go into music," he says. Pride did a 1940 movies) reads: Dancing to the finest twang to a. large, responsive audience. brief stint with the California Angels in 1961 country sounds every weekend. Among the The audience-in this black majority city as outfielder and pitcher. Presently, he is country-star photos Scotch-taped to the sign with a black mayor-is overwhelmingly pondering ·an offer to show up for spring (Leroy Van Dyke, polly Parton, Tompall and white. They are the people who voted for training-at least-with the Milwaukee the Glaser Brothers, Marty Robbins, Loretta Hugh Addonizio over Kenneth Gibson for Brewers. Lynn) is one handsome, black, smiling face. mayor because of race. But they applaud Noticeably absent from Pride's albums are An exophthalmic man, red-faced, hair so and cheer Charley Pride until 2 a.m. the super-patriotic conservative songs that closely cropped you'd think he was bald, This is the paradox· of "Country" Char­ have surfaced in the country-and-western walks over to the bar and orders a stubby ley Pride-black singer of white soul music. field--;SOngs like "Okie from Muskogee," brown bottle of Grain Belt. Afraid to touch He even sounds like a redneck. North and "Welfare Cadillac," "Flghtin' Side of Me." the clean glass until he wipes his hands on South, in the blue-collar country bars, in Neither has Charley Pride joined the popu­ his greasy Skelly Oil coveralls, he takes a the urban ethnic neighborhood&-in George list school of country music with which long draw on the beer, looks up, and asks: Wallace, white-backlash country-Charley Johnny Cash has become closely identified. "Say, who's the nigger in the window, Gus?" Pride is No. 1. He sings only those songs with which he's "That ain't no nigger," the bartender re­ Charley Pride, 32 years old, became the most comfortable. plies in that monotonously cheerful way first black singer to perform at Nashville's "I leave politics to the politicians and Midwesterners have of talking (whether Grand Ole Opry, which is to country music preaching to the preachers," he says. "Coun­ about births or funerals), "that's Country what the Palace Theater in New York used try music is basically about life, happiness, Charley Pride!" to be to vaudeville. joy, sorrow." ANNOUNCER. That was the great Charley That was nearly four years ago, in Jan. Pride describes his Newark reception as Pride singing his fantastic hit, Kaw-Liga. 1967, after a. few rough years when the for­ "just fine,'' glossing over the irony of his And remember, Charley Pride will be appear­ mer cotton-picking kid from Sledge, Miss., audience. But then he leaves the table for ing in another all-star WJRZ Cavalcade on was bucking white promoters and record a few minutes and his manager, Jack D. Friday at Symphony Hall in Newark. Yes, companies less than confident of a black Johnson, opens up. The Newark audience Charley Pride, plus the great Kitty Wells man's commercial potential in country and contained "very few blacks," he concedes. Show starring Kitty Wells, Bill Phillips, western. And then Johnson recalls how his initial Johnny Wright, Ruby Wright and Bobby Charley Pride doesn't like to talk about efforts to sell Charley Pride were rebuffed Wright. But that's not all, there's more! that now. He yearns to be accepted, like the because of the singer's race. Seven years ago, (Charley Pride record) fade. title to one of his 11 albums says, as "Just Pride had walked into Johnson's Nashville ANNOUNCER. You'll also see Willie Nelson, Plain Charley-charley Pride." He rails o:mce looking for country star Red Sovine. Red Sovine and one of the great all-time against the neat divisions of society that Sovine had "discovered" Pride in a Great yodelers, Montana Slim. All in person! Fri­ have made of him a. sort of professional freak. Falls, Montana, nightclub (Pride was a day! At Symphony Hall, Newark. "Personally, I am Charley Pride, Ameri­ smelter for Anaconda Mining's zinc complex (Charley Pride record) fade. can," he says. by day) and urged the black singer to go to ANNOUNCER. So, don't miss this great eve­ He discussed his feelings over a breakfast the country music capital, despite his race. ning. Charley Pride, Kitty Wells, Bill Phil­ of scrambled eggs and milk on a recent visit Pride sang two songs far Johnson. "I said," lips, Johnny Wright, Ruby Wright and Bobby to New York to tape NBC's Eddy Arnold Johnson recalls, "'Now sing in your natural Wright. Plus, Willie Nelson, Red Sovine and Christmas Show, the Kraft Music Hall pres­ voice.' He said, 'That is my natural voice.' Montana Slim. All at Symphony Hall, New­ entation for Dec. 23. I sent him back to Montana and forwarded ark, Friday, for two great shows at 7 p.m. "I think music is to be enjoyed. I didn't a contract soon afterwards." and 9:45 p.m. Tickets are available now, by make this society, I was just born into it. But it took Johnson two years to sell Pride writing to: Cavalcade, WJRZ, Box 970, Hack­ I'm the same as Johnny Cash or Hank Wil­ to a record company. "There were questions. ensack. Ticket prices are $5.50, $4.50 and liams," he said, "except I got a permanent Would disc jockeys play his records to start $3.50. Get your seaJts now, before it's too tan. . with because of his color? Who'd pay to see late! "All music we have in this country is him? A black country-and-western singer (Charley Pride record) fade. American music. We tend to split it down was a new thing, and would require quite an ANNOUNCER. That was the great Charley and say, 'Your skin is pink, you go over here.' investment by a record company." Pride who some people say is the greatest Country music has been here for years to be In 1965, RCA producer Jack Clement made country voice since Hank Williams. enjoyed by everybody." two test recordings. Chet Atkins, RCA vice We were living for a. while at the Chelsea Charley Pride thinks his acceptance by president and head of its Nashville opera­ Hotel in New York, and our black cleaning white audiences and the much wider popu­ tions, mulled them over for two months be­ lady listened as Charley Pride sang. larity of country music generally are sign­ fore deciding to proceed. Pride's first single, "You like that kind of music?" She was posts of shifting attitudes. "Snakes Crawl at Night," was released with incredulous. "Didn't you ever hear of Charley Pride?" I "In all facets of our society," he says, little publicity. The record was not a big hit asked her. "people and ideas are changing." but got good air play, and the successful career of Country Charley Pride was "Who?" Pride views his role, however, not just as "He's got more soul than any country an entertainer but also as a. teacher-to launched. whites of tolerance, to blacks of a. broader "Naturally, we had problems at first," even singer since Hank Williams." "Joe Williams I know. Hank Williams I self-image in music than is projected on soul after the first release, Johnson says. "The radio. never heard of." promoters had their doubts. It's diffi.cult to Neither had my father in 1948. And he "Most blacks don't listen to country-and· back anyone who hasn't had a hit. Some was reluctant to release his beloved new western stations," he says. "If they do, they promoters and club owners were reluctant Buick to my charge-especially to drive fifty think I'm just another white country singer beoause of his color. They wanted to know miles over a. country road, at night, to see until they see me." could he draw. But the doubts didn't last." some hillbilly. Network television, Pride feels, is an im­ This year Charley Pride expects to gross portant vehicle for overcoming what he terms about $2 million from recordings and ap­ "Silly kid," I remember him telling my country music's "image" problem-as a music pearances. In the last six months, he has mother. Freak would have been a better word. strictly for backwoods hill billies-a.mong Today, if a kid is a. freak, he proudly blasts appeared at the big country fairs from Mis­ the fact to all who'll listen. Little did I both blacks and whites. sissippi to Montana and from Delaware to realize, back then, that the entire urban "I said when I got into the business I be­ Utah and played big cities such as Boston, teen-age revolution would be choreographed lieved I could sell to all kinds of people­ Detroit, Chicago and Los Angeles. (partly, anyway) to the twang of a country pink, green or purple," he says. In the future, Charley Pride says, he might guitar. But in 1948, when my high school So Charley Pride was pleased when three like to buy a baseball club, and then there buddies were counting on me to get a date black teen-agers recognized him on the street is always movie acting to consider. ~o join them to see Vaughn Monroe ("only in Dallas, where he now lives, after he ap­ Early questions about his widespread ap­ 1n-person appearance this season in Roches­ peared on the Flip Wilson show. And when peal no longer exist. Breakfast over, he leaves ter ...") at the RKO Palace theatre. I spoke a black elevator operator in New York's the Waldorf Astoria coffee shop and Rita to no one about my plans. If word leaked Rockefeller Plaza asked him, after initial Ragan, a 22-year-old white secretary from that I was a secret hick, I couldn't have lived hesitation, if he was Charley Pride. Brooklyn, asks for his autograph. "You're it down. As a kid, Charley Pride got his first taste my mother's favorite singer," she tells him, Max Raney's Circle M Ranch in East of country music listening to Memphis and and Charley Pride walks away smiling. Bloomfield, New York ("Quality Round and Nashville radio stations. He le

JOHN D. MONTGOMERY OF KANSAS [From the Topeka Daily Capital, Sept. 7, HON. RICHARD BOLLING 1971] OF MISSOURI MONTGOMERY AN ASSET IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES HON. WILLIAM R. ROY Junction City's John Montgomery has Tuesday, October 19, 1971 OF KANSAS proved once again that he is a -man of many Mr. BOLLING. Mr. Speaker, a sense o! IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES parts. Montgomery, who habitually wears the the realities of complicated situations Tuesday, October 19, 1971 two hats of Kansas State Highway Director coupled with an illuminating wit was and publisher of the Junction City Daily characteristic of the lat.e Dean Acheson. Mr. ROY. Mr. Speaker, I would like Union, was awarded the Army's highest award to take this opportunity to call to the at­ His article on the Middle East published for civilians last week, in a ceremony at Fort in the New York Times of October 14 is tention of my colleagues the accomplish­ Riley. ments of a great Kansan, John D. Mont­ Montgomery was presented with the Dis­ a superb example of this. It follows: gomery of Junction City, who last month tinguished Civilian Service Medal by Army RUSSIA'S GOALS IN THE MIDEAST was awarded the Department of the Secretary Robert F. Froehlke, a.t a meeting (By Dean Acheson) Army's highest civilian decoration, for of the Fort Riley Chapter of the Association WASHINGTON.-This piece begins, like the distinguished civilian service. of the U.S. Army. sermons of my youth, with a text. It is taken The Junction Citian was honored for 10 from testimony given last March and April Mr. Montgomery served for 10 years as years service as a civilian aide to the Army civilian aide to the Secretary of the Army, before Senator Jackson's Subcommittee on secretary, during the period July 1961 to National Security and International Opera­ from 1961 until 1964 as aide for Kansas, July 1971. tions by two eminent authorities, the first on and from 1964 until last June as aide­ Indefatigable in his public service, John the Middle East by Bernard Lewis, the second at-large. Montgomery is one of those citizens whom by Robert Conquest on the Soviet Union: The awards ceremony held at Fort Kansas is fortunate to have. "The overriding reality is the confronta­ Riley, Kans., was a fitting tribute to this tion, all over the world, including the Middle mari, who has served his community, his East, of two great powers-of two systems State and his Nation in so many ways. and civilizations-perhaps about to become three. All else is subordinate and second­ As publisher of the Junction City Un­ THE SCHOOL PRAYER AMEND­ MENT-NEARER TO REALITY ary.... The object of policy in this area ion, John Montgomery has provided the should be to find the most effective means journalistic leadership which every town of opposing the adversary-not to collect must have. He also publishes newspapers autographs." in Chapman and Lindsborg, Kans., and HON. HUGH SCOTT "Closed ideology and lack of access to other in addition, owns the only English-lan­ OF PENNSYLVANL\ thought, which have prevailed in the Soviet guage newspaper in Brazil. IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES Union since its formation, automatically led to progressive degeneration of the political As director of highways in Kansas, Tuesday, October 19, 1971 John Montgomery has always been a mind, so that the present Soviet leadership Mr. just [is] composed of a group of rather bigoted leader of responsible political activity, Mr. SCOTT. President, the fundamentalists with a disturbingly low and narrowly was defeated in a bid for other day I received a petition contain­ level of intelligence-in general a third-rat e the House of Representatives in 1964. ing the signatures of over 5,000 residents group ... and since their judgment is not of As aide to the Secretary of the Army, of Bedford and Everett, Pa. These Penn­ the highest order, I would expect them to John Montgomery has spoken for Kansas sylvanians were writing to show their create situations of the utmost danger to in Washington, and spoken for all of his continuing support of the proposed con­ the world peace." stitutional amendment to allow volun­ The Russian leaders are not unique in countrymen in the policymaking coun­ their mediocrity. So universally is that cils of our Nation. tary prayer and Bible reading in our schools, which I reintroduced at the shared that our age might be called the I would like to insert in the RECORD the apotheosis of mediocrity. What makes them citation presented to Mr. Montgomery beginning of the 92d Congress. I was so great a danger to world peace is that by Secretary of the Army Robert Froeh­ particularly heartened to learn that this third-rate judgment is activated by highly lke, and an editorial which appeared in wonderful expression of support was due aggressive purpose and armed by a military the Topeka Daily Capital. I add my voice in large part to the efforts of David establishment second to none. The Middle Crawford, a 17-year-old student from East is a point of danger because there we to those in Kansas and Washington and confront the energetic and purposeful action elsewhere who praise this great Kansan Everett High School. These 5,000 people Join the thousands of an adversary who will be dissuaded only by for a job well done. encountering unacceptable risks, as in CUba and thousands of others who have been in 1962. The citation follows: sending cards, letters, telegrams, and · CITATION The Arab-Israeli conftict is important to petitions to me ever since the day prayer those parties; but it is subordinate and sec­ For many years as a private citizen, and was banned from our public schools. A particularly as a Civilian Aide to the Secre­ ondary. It becomes a major problem only tary o:r the Arm.y for the State o! Ka.nsa.s from decision by the Third U.S. Circuit Court because of the possibility o! direct military involvement o! the two great powers. It out­ 1961 to 1964, and as Civllian Aide-at-Large of Appeals earlier this year further tightened this ban, thus creating even side involvement were to be limited to sup­ from 1964 to June 29, 1971, Mr. John D. with Montg{)mery has seWessly a.nd with great more need for a constitutional amend­ plying the primary combatants more, ment specifically permitting voluntary and more sophisticated weapons, the injuries distinction devoted. h.lmsel! to the course o! they might in1lict upon each other might be the U.S. Army and to Nationa-l Defense. An prayer and meditation by our children. greater than in the past, but total victory eloquent and articulate writer and spokes· As my colleagues know, a successful would not be possible. CXVU--2322-Part 28 36912 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 19, 1971 While further hostilities would be en­ basis from :rr..en between the ages of 21 versity of Chicago. A renowned legal scholar, tirely possible, the probable result would and 35 who have distinguished them­ Levi is a strict constructionist and scarce­ be, for both sides, an excess of losses over ly a wide-eyed radical. Besides, he would gains. Such a situation would contain the selves by exceptional service, achieve­ ment, and leadership. Dr. Kelley has cer­ end the absence of any Jews on the court, seeds of stability and an approach to a an absence begun under Mr. Nixon in 1969 modus vivendi. tainly demonstrated these qualities over for the first time in 53 years. But Levi, too, The Soviet Union is currently pursuing the years. was vetoed. The reason: He did not fit the two goals in the Middle East, not wholly In addition to his activities in the field law-and-order, anti-civil rights formula. compatible. One is to continue Arab de­ of vision care, Dr. Kelley has served with The wholly political nature of the selection pendence by maintaining a state of tension Oakland's Minority Recruitment Com­ process can be seen in the attitude toward a approaching, but not reaching outright war. mittee, Berkeley Work Relation Council, woman justice. Originally, Mr. Nixon had The other is reopening the Suez Canal. This Berkeley Jaycees Human Relations no intention of appointing a woman but, would give her naval dominance in the Per­ gradually, realized that would be bad poli­ sian Gulf and Indian Ocean and power to Project, and the Allied Health Planning tics, indeed. control the movement of Persian Gulf oil Subcommittee of the Alameda County That set off a znad search for a law-and­ to Europe, East Asia and North America. Comprehensive Health Planning Council. order woman judge. Perhaps the best quali­ These aims may be incompatible since a I am much pleased to have Dr. Kelley fied prospects, Judge Shirley Hufstedler of reopened canal would require peace, whereas as a constituent. I have a deep sense of the U.S. Court of Appeals in Los Angeles, was maintaining a high state of tension would pride in his ac~omplishments, and I ex­ immediately ruled out a.s a liberal Demo­ endanger it. tend to him my warmest congratulations crat. Finally, Kleindienst hit pay dirt. He The Kremlin, therefore, must regard with on the honor that has been extended to gleefully told associates he had found in some surprise Secretary of State Rogers' California state Appeals Judge Mildred L., eager advocacy of reopening the Canal as him. Lillie a very tough lady with no use for the a preliminary to--something. The Kremlin Warren court's libertarianism. has always believed with Ibn Hazm of Cor­ The line was finally drawn at conservative dova that "the height of stupidity and THE SUPREME COURT VACANCIES Democratic Sen. Robert Byrd of West Vir­ weakness is not to know an enemy from a ginia, who has never practiced law and is friend." Foggy Bottom was not able to make not a member of the bar. He was just too this distinction at the time of the Suez HON. DONALD W. RIEGLE, JR. unqualified for Mitchell. The upshot last crisis of 1956 and has apparently not made OF MICHIGAN week was the selection of Mrs. Lillie and much progress in that direction since. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Herschel H. Friday of little Rock, Ark., best The first aim of American policy should known as attorney for anti-integration suits. be to convince the Soviet leaders that direct Tuesday, October 19, 1971 Four other names were sent to the ABA for involvement of their own forces in the Mid­ approval, in case trouble developed over dle East involves unacceptable risks. They Mr. RIEGLE. Mr. Speaker, I insert into the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD an editorial Friday or Mrs. Lillie. Until the last minute, are already substantially present in Egypt. the list also included U.S District Judges Secretary Rogers proposes to compound the written by Rowland Evans and Robert Arlin Adains of Philadelphia (who is Jew­ evil by having combined Russian-American Novak which appeared in today's Wash­ ish) and the highly regarded Frank John­ forces there "to keep the peace." The true ington Post. The article, entitled, "Nixon son of Montgomery, Ala. Finally, however, American interest is to keep both out. It is and Material for Court" follows: they were eliminated for being too liberal. also the true interest of both Israelis and NIXON AND MATERIAL FOR COURT Their inclusion might generate a late cam­ Arabs. We have begun to strengthen the air paign for them. Thus, the six names sent the components of the Sixth Fleet and should (By Rowland Evans and Robert Novak) ABA were uniform in both mediocrity and continue to do so. President Nixon's astonishing attitude acceptability to the segregationist South. American policy should make clear . to toward the Supreme Court, which has now Mr. Nixon was ill-prepared for what hap­ Moscow in the most quiet and secret manner painted him into a political corner, was re­ pened when those names were published that the only development that could over­ vealed Oct. 8 when he met at the White last Thursday. The press and the bar con­ come our determination not to become in­ House with top advisers to discuss filling the demneC. the choices. Even high White House volved in the Middle East would be the con­ two vacancies. staffers were heartsick. Moderate Republicans tinuance of their apparent involvement. Blatantly mediocre prospects were sug­ wondered out loud whether Mr. Nixon's in­ Similar American firmness resulted in So­ gested and, consequently, the possibility of terest in excellence, meager in many other viet withdrawal from Northern Persia in disapproval by the American Bar Association governmental appointments, had hit bottom. 1946, from the blockade of Berlin in 1949, (ABA) was raised. Mr. Nixon bristled and, Prominent Jewish Republicans were furious and from intervention in Cuba in 1962. startling his unbelieving aides, made clear in that no Jew was on the list. Perhaps the reader will think the quota­ uncharacteristically colorful language just The furor forced Mr. Nixon to rethink his tions that began this article too harsh a what the ABA could go do about it. In short, position. Although Judges Friday and Lillie judgment of the Soviet leaders. Let me offer the President was not going to let questions definitely had been picked, the White House one from Jesse .Tones of Texas, a real rein­ of legal quality interfere with his political issued a smokescreen statement that 15 carnation of David Harum's Yankee spirit. designs for the Supreme Court. names were still under consideration. So, Asked whether he thought a certain man That led to two incontestably mediocre at this writing, the President must either trustworthy, Jesse replied, "Well, I wouldn't selections, a wave of public and professional stick to his undistinguished selections or ig­ go to sleep with my thumb in his mouth." repugnance and, finally, a White House de­ nominiously retreat. Once again, playing cision to rethink the whole business. At the politics with the Supreme Court has proved weekend, Mr. Nixon had dug himself into an­ the worst politics of all. other hole. WILL G. KELLEY SELECTED AS ONE At the heart of Mr. Nixon's court troubles OF "OUTSTANDING YOUNG MEN is his determination to appoint law-and­ OF AMERICA" order conservatives pleasing to the old segre­ gationist South without regard to ability. WARNER BROS. 1,500TH FILM That determination is shared, with mono­ HON. JOHN V. TUNNEY maniacal infiexibility, by Mitchell and HON. VANCE HARTKE OF CALIFORNIA Deputy Attorney General Richard Klein­ OF INDIANA IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES dienst. Kleindienst, in particular, is convinced of IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES Tuesday, October 19, 1971 boundless political capital :flowing from anti­ Tuesday, October 19, 1971 Mr. TUNNEY. Mr. President, I was liberal court selections. In charge of rec­ ommending judicial appointments, Klein­ Mr. HARTKE. Mr. President, within very much pleased to learn recently that dienst sought out hardliners without worry­ Dr. Will G. Kelley, a resident of Oak­ recent weeks an outstanding American Ing about quality. company will have reached a milestone in land has been selected by the U.S. Jay­ Two weeks ago, during a. session of top ad­ cees' as one of the "Outstanding Young ministration officials, a fascinating possibility a long and glamorous history of produc- ing motion pictures. Warner Bros. has Men of America" for the year of 1970. for the court was put forward: Elliot Rich­ released its 1,500th film, "Skin Game," Dr. Kelley is 30 years old ~nd practices ardson, Secretary of Health, Education, and optometry in Berkeley. He 1s a graduate Welfare. A former attorney general of Mas­ the most recent in a long series of films sachusetts, the greatly respected Richardson designed to fulfill their attempt to com­ of the University of California School of would be an adornment on the court. Under Optometry and is president-elect of the bine good picturemaking and good citi­ no conditions, said Kleindienst. The reason: zenship. The impact of 1,500 films on the Alameda and Contra Costa Connties Op­ Richardson is too liberal on civil rights and, American viewer and on world opinion tometric Society. therefore, would displease the South. The U.S. Jaycees select "Outstanding Later moderate administration officials has been tremendous, much of it for the Young Men of America" on an annual proposed Edward Levi, president of the Uni- good and welfare of our country. October 19, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 36913 Warner Bros. has long been a leader feated. At present, the consumer has lit­ Supreme Court, no matter how entrenched in their industry, beginning with their tle enough representation before Federal in the law, have led to an atmosphere that agency proceedings. The Fuqua amend­ makes us hesitant to publicly declare our first film in 1917, "My Four Years in Ger­ faith under certain circumstances. I urge the many," based on Ambassador Gerard's ment would weaken the new Agency to Congress to move at once to amend the Con­ book. Subsequently, their films have the extent that this status would be pre­ stitution to restore voluntary public prayer ranged from "The Jazz Singer," which served. The committee bill would be su­ to our schools and other public functions. To launched the age of sound on the screen, perior to the Fuqua proposal. It would this end, I have writt en to the Chairman of to current hits as well known as "Casa­ provide actual intervention and thus real the House Committee considering this blanca," "My Fair Lady," and many bargaining power before Federal proceed­ amendment and urged action. more. Through the years, Warner Bros. ings. I, therefore, urge all Members to The principle at stake is both simple and has consistently brought both entertain­ vote for strong consumer protection, the complex. I h ave heard the lawyers• argu­ ment s that there is no prohibition against ment and enlightenment to audiences in protection provided for in this effective such volun tary prayer now-and they may this country and abroad. bill. be correct. But what I believe we need today Based on these superb accomplish­ is the strength to make positive what they ments, I trust all the Senate will join me arrive at by use of a negative. This point in on this occasion in a salute to Warner VOLUNTARY PUBLIC PRAYER the history of our Nation makes such a n ap­ Bros. for its contributions to our coun­ proach imperative. It is no longer enough to try. We all join in this nationwide salute say that we can do it now if we are not will­ to an organization which we hope will HON. J. GLENN BEALL, JR. in g to put our beliefs on the line and stand OF MARYLAND up and be counted. continue to enjoy the acclaim and suc­ Under the first amendment, the Govern­ cess in the future which has been paid IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES ment cannot force us to accept any form of it in the past. Tuesday, October 19, 1971 religion. This proposed amendment would add to this protection and make clear the Mr. BEALL. Mr. President, in the not proposition that Government cannot sep­ too distant future, the House of Repre­ arate us, or our children, from the opportu­ CONSUMER PROTECTION ACT OF sentatives will vote upon an amendment nity to engage in prayer or religious medita­ 1971 to the Constitution' designed to restore tion at any place or time that we so choose. I voluntary public prayer. If the amend­ therefore support it. ment is approved by the House of Rep­ resentatives, then the focal point of this HOUSE HEADS . FOR CRITICAL VOTE ON PRAY ER HON. JOHN S. MONACAN ON NOVEMBER 8, 1971-MAXIMUM NOISE OF CONNECTICUT controversy will be centered in this NEEDED IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Chamber. Mr. President, I ask unanimous con­ a. Gallup (August 1962). Do you approve Tuesday, October 19, 1971 or disapprove of religious observances in sent that a statement I have issued with public schools? Approve, 80% ; Disapprove, Mr. MONAGAN. Mr. Speaker, the Con­ reference to voluntary public prayer be 14% ; No Opinion, 6%. sumer Protection Act before us today is printed in the RECORD, to be followed by Gallup (30 August 1963). The US Sup. Ct. one of the most important pieces of con­ a compilation of polls relative to this has ruled that no state or local govt. may sumer legislation to come to the House topic that was compiled by the Reverend require reading of the Lord's Prayer or Bible :floor in recent times, and I want to ex­ Robert G. Howes, national coordinator verses in public schools. What are your views press my strong support of this legisla­ of Citizens for Public Prayer. on this? Approve, 24%; Disapprove, 70% ; No There being no objection, the state­ Opinion, 6 % . tion. b. Harris (October 1964) . 80% of American Clearly this legislation will provide ment is ordered to be printed in the REc­ people support free school prayer. more extensive coverage than the Amer­ ORD, as follows: Harris (Nov. 1964). The US Sup. Ct. has ican consumer presently enjoys. The basic STATEMENT OF SENATOR J. GLENN BEALL, ruled that children could not be required to thrust of the bill is the establishment of JR. WITH REFERENCE TO THE PuBLIC PRAYER recite a prayer in a public school. Was the an independent Consumer Protection AMENDMENT Court right or wrong? Approve decision, 30% ; Agency. The Agency will represent con­ A great deal of controversy surrounds the Disapprove decision, 70 % . status of public prayer in the United States c. ABC TV Special (28 December 1970). A sumer interests in other Government today. There is considerable public confusion poll was conducted in Columbus, Ohio, as a agency proceedings, and can obtain judi­ and consternation about this issue. This feel­ typical American community, on the ques­ cial review of agency decisions considered ing of frustration is, in part, a result of the tion: Should prayers be permitted in public adverse to consumer interests. The lack of a. meaningful national debate on the schools? Yes, 91.5 % , No, 7.3%; No op., 2.1 % . Agency will also play a catalytic role. It matter. d. On the ballot in the state of Maryland will receive and publicize consumer com­ From our founding in the esrly 17th cen­ (3 November 1970) this referendum question plaints, communicate with Federal, State, tury, until the Supreme Court rulings of was placed: Do you favor " ... permitting and local agencies on consumer matters, 1962--63, voluntary public prayer and ex­ religious reading of prayer and reference to pressions of belief in God were generally re­ a Supreme Being in certain instances if par­ and require Federal agencies to keep the garded as compatible with our governmental ticipation therein is on a voluntary basis in CPA advised on activities affecting con­ system. any governmental or public school, institu­ sumer interests. Finally, the new Agency The public is concerned, and rightly so, tion, or place?" Yes (409,050)-73 % ; No will have broad responsibilities, to deter­ about the social deterioration that has taken (152,706)-27%. mine consumer needs through research place in America during the last decade. The e. Congressional polls (Many Congressmen and investigation, and to disseminate the decline of morality, the lack of respect for have polled their home districts on the free results. authority, and the growing mood of permis­ prayer question. In every case we have noted, Passage of such a package, without a siveness have caused many Americans to the vote has been overwhelmingly favorable doubt the future of this country. Many of us to the civil right of free school prayer. When doubt, will constitute landmark legisla­ feel we have cut ourselves loose from our writing to all Congressmen, they should be tion. For the first time, an independent traditional heritage--thus being adrift with­ urged to include the question in their next governmental agency will give the con­ out a sense of direction. home district poll. Results are extremely use­ sumer a full-time advocate before those Many millions of Americans have expressed ful in our effort.) Latest available home dis­ governmental units which make decisions their concern about voluntary publlc prayer trict poll (announced by Congressman J. affecting everyday life. For the first time, during the past 8 years. Irving Whalley, whose district is in southern all agencies of Government will be ob­ The Congress has been besieged by letters, Pennsylvania., on 21 July 1971) show 94% liged to consider the American consumer petitions and organizations on both sides of favorable to free school prayer, 4% negative; the public prayer question. Through it all uncertain, 2%. in setting standards and regulations un­ one thing has been obvious to me--Americans f. Advocates Poll (conducted on a. national der law. In this way, the CPA will pro­ are generally dissatisfied with the present law scale for the Advocates TV program by Opin­ vide a centralized focal point at the Fed­ on the question and !eel that change is ion Research of Princeton, New Jersey, Jan­ eral level for the American consumer needed. I agree with them. Peb 1971): movement. I believe that we should amend the Con­ [Answers in percent) As I have said, I feel that the Fuqua stitution to reaffirm our desire to have our Total sample (2,061) : nation based on the belle! in God. I am dis­ amendment would seriously weaken the turbed that the Congress has not moved to Yes ------80 powers of the Consumer Protection bring this issue to the forum of public de­ ~0 ------12 Agency and should, therefore, be de- bate. I am distressed that the rulings of the Undecided ------4 Do not knoW------4 36914 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 19, 1971 Protestant (1,352): AMBASSADOR JAMES SHEN ON to the welf.are of the Chinese people. Over Yes ------84 CHINA a period of some 40 years it made available No ------9 $18 million for the education of young Chi­ Undecided ------3 nese in American institutions of high learn­ Do not know------4: HON. JOHN R. RARICK ing and many of them later played an impor­ RC (512): OF LOUISIANA tant part in China's modernization. Although the United States was not fully Yes ------82 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES No ------10 aware of Japan's aggressive intentions at the Undecided ------5 Tuesday, October 19, 1971 time, publicity given the Twenty-one De­ Do not know------3 mands of 1915 in America helped China re­ Jewish (66): Mr. RARICK. Mr. Speaker, the press ject some of them, including those which Yes ------50 of our country is being flooded with news would have turned Ohina into a Japanese No ------38 stories about Henry Kissinger's obsession protectorate. The voice of protest might have Undecided ------6 for a projected visit by President Nixon been stronger. Nevertheless, from Washing­ Do not know------6 to Red China, but little is being pub­ ton and from Washington alone came pres­ No religion (78) : sure for the preservation of China's inde­ lished about the wishes of 14 million pendence and territorial integrity. Yes ------46 Chinese of the Republic of China on No ------42 In World War I, China's diplomatic per­ Undecided ------4 Taiwan, the 18 million living overseas, formance was roughly parallel to that of the Do not know______8 or the 750 million who are silenced in United States. Neutrality was followed by Question asked: "The US Sup. Ct. has their homeland. severance of relations with the Central Pow­ held that the recitation of prayers in public In an address on October 18, 1971, be­ ers and finally by a declaration of war. Un­ schools is unconstitutional. Would you fa­ fvre a distinguished gathering at the fortunately, the Allied Powers' secret com­ vor or oppose a Constitutional amendment Cosmos Club in Washington, Ambassador mitments to Japan prevented China from re­ gaining her rights and interests in the Shan­ to permit the use of prayers in public James C. H. Shen of the Republic of tung peninsula from a defeated Germany. schools?" China spoke out for those silenced. He Although equal in victory, the weak do not emphasized that appeasement of Chinese always fare so well as the strong. Communists on the grounds of realism The Washington Conference of 1921-22 is REDUCED RAU, PASSENGER FARES or other rationalization would be one of recalled today, if at all, for its 5-5-3 arrange­ FOR RETffiED RAffiROAD WORK­ the gravest errors in contemporary his­ ment of the naval power of the United ERS AND DEPENDENTS tory with tragic consequences for the States, Great Britain and Japan. Yet this entire free world. also was the Conference which produced the Nine-Power Treaty guaranteeing China's HON. ROBERT PRICE Because of the timeliness and perti­ territorial integrity. The same treaty had nence of the indicated address by Am­ provisions for review of extraterritorial rights OF TEXAS bassador Shen, I quote it as part of my which foreign powers enjoyed in China, for IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES remarks: withdrawal of foreign post offices from Tuesday, October 19, 1971 SINO-AMERICAN RELATIONS: LET NOTHING Chinese soil, for Chinese control of most PULL Us AsuNDER foreign radio stations, for discussions look­ Mr. PRICE of Texas. Mr. Speaker, I With your indulgence, I am going to do ing toward withdrawal of foreign troops appreciate this opportunity to speak as a some plain talking about the unique rela­ from China, for concessions with regard to cosponsor in support of H.R. 11253. This tionship between my country, the Republic tariffs and for restoration of the Leased Ter­ bill, which Mr. SCHERLE and Mr. CRANE of China, and the United States. In doing so, ritories. The United States was on China's we shall not be able to ignore the Chinese side. and I are sponsoring would amend section The existing government of the Republic 405 of the Rail Passenger Service Act of Communists, simply because they are there. No one is likely to deny that the so-called of China came to power in 1926-28 after it 1970 to provide for free or reduced rate Chinese problem is one of the most difficult had unified the country in the Northern Ex­ transportation to retired railroad em­ and important ever to face the world. There pedition against the warlords. The Japanese ployees and their dependents on any in­ may be those who fail to realize, however, militarists, however, had different plans. For tercity rail passenger service. that a wrong solution could be worse than us, the conflict which was to become World War II and the Pacific War began at Mukden Transportation is one of the major no solution at all. The United States and China have had a in September 1931. Americans were not yet problems confronting our older citizens. fighting Japanese militarism, but under the Its importance has been stressed by the special relationship with deep roots going back to the first part of the nineteenth cen­ Stimson Doctrine they did refuse to recog­ White House Conference on Aging. Re­ tury. This relationship has been character­ nize the fruits of Japan's aggression. From sponse to questionnaires showecl the Con­ ized by cordiality and cooperation in official 1931 to 1941 we fought single-handedly ference that many of the 200,000 elderly as well as un-official contacts, of a nature against one of the mightiest war machines citizens who responded could not take and degree rarely paralleled in bilateral rela­ of that time, without allies and with little tions. Generally speaking, the American pol­ material aid from abroad. Only after Pearl advantage of available transportation Harbor, did we begin to receive some aid. services. The elderly placed transporta­ icy toward China has been motivated by high purpose and plenty of goodwill, which has And then it was a case of too little, if not tion behind only health and income as a been reciprocated by the Chinese side in full too late. It was always Europe First despite major conc-ern. measure. The United States signed its first the fact that the U.S. entered the war via Furthermore, only 1 percent of those accord with China only two years after Great the Pacific. During those long and difficult citizens aged 65 and over crossed a State Britain and China had signed the Treaty of years, we had more than once been ap­ line last year. Their travel is intrastate Nanking in 1842. American missionaries had proached by the enemy to agree to a settle­ actually preceded the signing of the tre81ty. ment on terms not altogether unfavorable and intercity. Certainly any rise in prices to us. But we rejected all offers because we and the cost of living affects all of us to They began arriving in China in 1830. Their role in history has been glorified by some and were fighting for a principle-international varying degrees, but those existing on a maligned by others. Truth lies somewhere in justice. It is a principle on which we could :fixed income are the hardest hit. It is to between. not compromise. Besides, how could we even correct an oversight caused by the Rail In these days of debunking, some histo­ think of betraying the United States, who Passenger Service Act of 1970 that our rians have questioned the altruism of the had by then become our allies? bill H.R. 11253 has been introduced. By Open Door Policy enunciated by Secretary China and America stood together during restoring special free or reduced rate rail of State John Hay in 1899. Admittedly, it World War II. The United States had the additional complication of fronts in North transportation privileges to retired rail­ was an extension of the most-favored-na­ tion concept and intended to benefit the Africa, Sicily, Italy, Eastern Europe and road employees and their dependents on United States as well as other countries in­ Soviet Russia. China had the further prob­ the same basis that such privileges were terested in trading with China. Nevertheless, lem of the Chinese Communists who had al­ in effect before the enactment of the this concept was a step towards elimination ready begun their rebellious activities Amtrak system, we will in effect be of the inequities which had been visited upon against the lawful Chinese government. giving due recognition to these retired China through most of the 19th century. There was misunderstanding in the United workers for their contribution in build..: The Sino-American relationship s\nce the States of m.uch that was happening in China. ing, maintaining, and operating our Na­ Boxer Uprisings of 1900 is a more familiar between 1945 and 1949. The Marshall Mis­ story. At the height of the trouble, John sion came and went. From a gallant ally, for tion's rail passenger system. At insigni­ Hay said the United States wanted perma­ whom no praise was excessive, we were sud­ ficant direct cost to the companies in­ nent safety and peace for China and the denly portrayed as a corrupt reactionary volved we will provide much needed and preservation o{ Chinese territorial and ad­ regime. This hurt the Republic of China. So­ well deserved relief to those who now ministrative integrity. Once the Boxers were viet troops which entered Manchuria in their have the time to enjoy the fruits of their suppressed, the United States was quick to short war against Japan turned seized arms labors. devote the unused portion of its indemnity to the Chinese Communists. This tipped the October 19, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 36915 balance in our civil war in favor of the I must emphasize, is the lawful government tion, is still going on unabated. Particularly Chinese Communists. In the end, we had to of the country. Its juridical basis is the Con­ significant is the rise of a Communist mili­ evacuate from the mainland to set up our stitution of 1946 which was adopted by the tary dictatorship. This explains the slowness Government on the island of Taiwan. The National Congress with the participation of in re-establishing the party machinery de­ u.s. Department of State issued a White . freely-elected delegates representing all the stroyed during recent chaos. It also accounts Paper on China and then sat back to wait provinces and people in all walks of life. The for the fa.ct why it has not been able as yet for the dust to settle. Everybody thought we legal status of our government has not to call a '"people's congress" to "elect" some­ were done for. But somehow we managed not changed since then. It continues to function one to replace Lu Shao-chi as "head of state." only to survive but also to gather strength on Chinese territory. There has been no break Liu was purged many years ago for "having again. in the continuity of its leadership and poll- taken the capitalist road," and has been The Korean War which broke out in June, cies. As an entity we may be smaller in size placed under house arrest ever since. Cur­ 1950, brought things back into perspective today but so have become many other coun­ rent speculation was that he was killed in the again. Later in the year Chinese Commu- tries since the end of World War II. Our gov­ Chinese Communist jet which crashed in nists came cras-hing across the Yalu. Two ernment, therefore, represents not only the Outer Mongolia on September 12, while :flee­ questions need to be asked about the Korean 14 million in Taiwan, the 18 million Chinese ing to Soviet Russia. War. If the government of the Republic of living overseas, but also the 750 million en­ Actually, therefore the Chinese mainland China had been on the mainland, would the slaved and silenced on the Chinese mainland. is still in a state of :flux. Lin Piao, Mao's United Nations Command have been denied The Republic of China was one of the prin­ hand-picked heir apparent, is either gravely victory and Korea denied of unification as a cipal allies which signed the Declaration of ill or already dead. Since the Cultural Revo­ free and democratic country? And if the the United Nations in 1942. Subsequently we lution the central hierarchy in Peiping has government of the Republic of China had played an important part in drafting the been compelled to relinquish more and more been in control of the mainland, would there United Nations Charter at Dumbarton Oaks to the local military officers its control over have been any Korean War at all? I think in 1944. We were one of the four Powers various administrative areas and military you know the answers. A third question may which sponsored the San Francisco Confer­ districts. The more distance these areas are be worth thinking about. If we the free ence in 1945. We were specifically mentioned located from Peiping, the more independent Chinese had controlled the mainland, would in the U.N. Charter as a permanent member their military commanders have become. It there have been a war in Vietnam? on the Security Council. is not difficult to foresee what is apt to hap­ I have had a great deal to say about Sino- The Communist regime, on the other hand, pen the moment Mao himself should die. American friendship and cooperation because represents a complete break with China's Youths on the mainland, especially those this is going to be crucial in Asian develop- past. In philosophy and traditions, in socia.l who took part in the Cultural Revolution as ments in the next few years. The Chinese concepts and moral values, in institutions Red Guards have become disenchanted with Communists are now engaged in a campaign and policies, it has nothing in common what­ 'the regime. Thousands upon thousands of of smiling diplomacy toward your country. soever with the Republic of China. It even them have been exiled to the border areas to Visits by the American table tennis team in calls itself the Chinese People's Republic, work as farm hands. They are only waiting April and by a number of American cor- thus divorcing itself from China's body poll­ for some thing to happen. respondents in subsequent months are only tic altogether. The present tendency of American policy two of Peiping's opening gambits. There will If the Peiping regime should be admitted towards accommodation with the Chinese be many others to follow. Mr. Henry Kis- and given our seat on the Security Council, Communist regime has foreshadowed phe­ singer has just left in his second trip to the question will not merely be one of wheth­ nomenal developments, which will have in­ Peiping to arrange for President Nixon's er the Republic of China is going to stay but jurious eifects on relations between our two visit scheduled for sometime before next May becomes one of whether the United Nations countries. It will also hurt the national in­ to meet Chinese Communist leaders. can survive once it has compromised on some terests of the United States. Now what is the Peiping regime? It is a of the basic principles and purposes on which Under the Sino-American mutual defense cruel regime, which seized the mainland by and for which it was founded 26 years ago. pact of 1954, we have been playing our role violence at the end of our long-drawn-out After all the League of Nations came to its in the maintenance of peace in the Western war with Japan. Since then it has imposed on dismal end after it yielded on principles. Pacific. We have 600,000 men under arms our people the most tyrannical rule known For many years one of the basic assump­ and a first-line reserve of over a million men in Chinese history. Specially I wish to draw tions of American foreign policy in Asia has all trained and ready for mobilization at a your attention to a recent publication of the been that, since China occupies the central moment's notice. The Republic of China Senate Internal Security Sub-Committee position in East Asia and has an enormous is a known quantity-tried, tested and found It is entitled: "The Human Cost of Commu- population, whatever happens in China will true. Our armed forces are the third largest nism in China." It was prepared at the re- vitally affect her peripheral countries and in East Asia and waiting to support the quest of the late Senator Thomas Dodd and ultimately the peace and security of the United States or its free neighbors in case produced under the direction of Senator world. It is, therefore, in the interest of the of need. Should our region reach the point James Eastland. According to this scholarly United States to help bring about "a united, of having a meaningful regional system of study by Professor Richard Walker of the stable, strong and democratic China". But collective security, I am confident that my University of South Carolina, between 84 the kind of "China" contemplated can not government would be among the first ones and 64 million Chinese have lost their lives possibly be the rebel regime now usurping prepared to make military contributions to since the Communists took over the Chinese political power on the Chinese mainland. the common cause. On the other hand, any mainland. Just think of it! According to the Webster dictionary, a state weakening in our defense capability will nec­ Externally the Communist regime is ag- is any body of people occupying a definite essarily mean weakening of the U.S. position gressive and interventionist. It openly territory and politically organized under one in the Western Pacific. espouses force as an instrument of policy. It government. The first two attributes, people Meanwhile, the possible effects on the free believes that political power comes out of and territory, remain the same on the Chi­ nations in Asia as a result of any U.S. over­ the barrel of a gun. During the past 20 years, nese mainland, but the governing machinery the Peiping regime has been carrying on a there is in the hands of the Communists. We tures to appease the Chinese Communists also merit careful consideration. Asian leaders continuous campaign to stir up revolutions believe the Communist government will not who cherish freedom are painfully aware of and extend Maoist brand of communism in be there indefini·tely. In Chines history, a various parts of the world. The Asian nations despotic regime never lasted very long. the threat of the Peiping regime as revealed which have felt the bloody forces of Chinese Nowadays, people in the Western world in its overt and covert activities in provid­ Communist aggression since 1950 constitute tend to give the Chinese Communist regime ing arms, training, and operational guidance almost a roll-call of the whole continent. ·an importance far exceeding its capabilities to dissident elements 1n many of the under­ Korea, India, Burma, Laos, Cambodia, Viet- and material and technological resources. developed regions in Asia. Its support to nam, Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia and the Even in suoh human factors as leadership, the "Free Thai" movement, the White Flag Philippines have all felt the heavy hand of discipline, cohesion, authority, skill and tech­ faction of the Burmese Communists, the the Chinese Communists. nical know-how, its assets are grossly exag- "New People's Army" in the Philippines, the The Peiping regime, it should be remem- gerated. The enormous population under its Communist insurgents in the Malaysian jun­ bered, was branded by the United Nations as yoke has been equated With power, while gles, and the Naga and Mizo rebels in India an aggressor for its bloody intervention in it should be put on the debit side of its ledg­ are but some of the glaring examples. Leaders the Korean war in 1950 and was also found er. Despite the nuclear arsenal in its posses­ in all these countries are apprehensive of the guilty of committing genocide in Tibet in slon, the regime is but a small military power militancy of the Chinese Communists. They, 1968. Both resolutions are still outstanding -a power formidable enough to play havoc too, are equally concerned with the switch and have never been rescinded. among its neighbors, but certainly not strong in U.S. policy vis-a-vis the Chinese Com­ And yet, believe it or not, this is the re- enough to challenge any major power, espe­ munist regime. People in most free Asian gime which is being considered this very week cially the United States which is thousands nations, including Japan, are asking: If the for membership or representation in the of miles away. Besides, it has learned a bitter United States could treat in this way the United Nations. Some member nations are lesson in Korea.. Republic of China, their closest ally and even prepared to admit the Peiping regime Furthermore, the regime does not have sus­ friend in East Asia what could they expect into the world oragnization and to expel the tained stability. Recent strange goings-on in from the United States? Republic of China from it at the same tim.e. Peiping showed that the power struggle, un- In its own assessment and analysis, the The government of the Republic of China., leashed at the time of the CUltural Revolu- United States must dig deep beneath the 36916 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 19, 1971 Chinese surface to get at the bedrock which 1971, Campbell fans will give a banquet I am inserting in the RECORD at this separates the Republic of China from the in honor of their team's achievement. The Chinese Communists. The brief history we point the feature story written by Sherri have examined shows the steadfastness with banquet chairman is Anthony Vivo, and Graves to this great man, E. A. "Al" which free China has stood by its alliance Vlad Tikson is ticket chairman. The Brown-a trusted friend and adviser: and partnership with the United States. But members of the banquet committee are: "WE MUST SEE TO IT THAT OUR YOUNG PEOPLE the Republic of China is not merely being Frank Mills, Rummy DePaul, Don Gard­ ARE PREPARED FOR EMPLOYMENT ••• AND LIFE" loyal to old friends. In the whole 60-year rec­ ner, Ed Finamore, Pete Keish, Frank Le­ (By Sheri Graves) ord of the Republic's existence, there is not seganich, Bill Shabella, Nurmi Caggiano, "I don't think we can do anything more one aggressive page. Our history is of peace Les Donnell, Tom Cernoch, George Ko­ intention. Contrast that record with the constructive in our society than to see to it vach, Ben Bassetti, Bob Anderson, Mike that our young people are better prepared words and actions of the Chinese Commu­ Modak, Nick Mamrich, Sam DePizzo, nists and draw your own conclusions. than we were," says E. A. (AI) Brown. I firmly believe that in the long run this John Knapick, Mayor Rocco Mico of "So, I've spent a lot of time engaged in great country of yours and the Republic of Campbell, Mayor Tom Creed of Stru­ various activities and serving on various com­ China have much to gain by maintaining thers, Walter Zaluski, Michael Kornick, mittees concerned with the education of their existing bonds of friendship and close John Skelly, Joseph Gennaro, and Nick youth, trying to afford them the options. I cooperation for peace and security in East Johnson. don't go along with the idea that we (adults) Asia and that any alteration to this relation­ are always right and always know best. ship for reasons of temporary expediency at "But, young people need to know the op­ the expense of principles or in the hope of tions available to them, and they need to be E. A. "AL" BROWN-PIONEER IN JOB educated to the point where they will beef­ winning some intangible gains in the future, APPRENTICESHIP TRAINING w1ll surely result in disappointment and an fective in whatever they choose to do. we irredeemable loss to the cause of freedom might not always like what they choose to do, in that part of the world. HON. DON H. CLAUSEN but to be really constructive, we must give My friends, I want to tell you from the bot­ them a chance. tom of my heart that appeasement of the OF CALIFORNIA "Maybe what they will want to do is change Chinese Communists on grounds of realism IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES things," he says. "That's not bad. I happen to be an advocate of change. A long time ago or other rationalization would be one of the Tuesday, October 19, 1971 gravest mistakes in contemporary history. I came to the realization that people who The consequences would be tragic for the Mr. DON H. CLAUSEN. Mr. Speaker, talk about progress and never talk about whole free world. change wm never see progress. There can be I appreciate this opportunity today to no progress without change. acquaint my colleagues in the House "Young people know this. So, it is up to with a living tribute to one of the most us to see to it that they have the education unique and dedicated Americans that it necessary to choose the best options and to CAMPBELL, OHIO, ATHLETIC CLUB has ever been my privilege and honor to be most effective in making the best changes BASEBALL TEAM CHAMPS OF know. for the benefit of all society." NATIONAL AMATEUR BASEBALL Recently a young, dynamic, and crea­ The "education" of which Al Brown speaks FEDERATION JUNIOR TOURNA­ tive writer, Sherri Graves of the Santa is not necessarily the type that "comes off MENT Rosa, Calif. Press-Democrat, wrote a the academic assembly line called formal feature story about my good friend, education." And, the "change" to which he refers is not HON. CHARLES J. CARNEY E. A. "AI" Brown, director of the North­ likely to reflect "the concept that the status­ OF OHIO ern California Carpenters Joint Appren­ quo should be either preserved, perpetuated, ticeship and Training Committee. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES or defended." Under AI Brown's extraordinary lead­ Which makes him somewhat of a "revolu­ Tuesday, October 19, 1971 ership, the Northern California Carpen­ tionary," he says. But, he points out, "Bring­ Mr. CARNEY. Mr. Speaker, I would ters Joint Apprenticeship and Training ing about constructive change isn't easy. It's a very difficult task. There are so many things like to take this opportunity to con­ Committee, comprising 41 northern Calif01nia counties, has grown into one we have now that once were considered revo­ gratu}ate the Campbell Athletic Club lutionary ... Social Security, for example." baseball team of Campbell, Ohio on win­ of the largest craft training programs in the Nation. The committee provides for­ One of the changes he advocates concerns ning the 1971 National Amateur Baseball the formal educational system, which he has Federation Junior Tournament. mal and on-the-job training in carpenter been known to call "absurd snobbery." The Campbell A.C. baseball team is the apprentice skills and is presently striving The reason for this attitude may or may oldest team in the Youngstown class "B" to expand their program to accommodate not be that, by necessity rather than choice, League. Through natural ability, hard 5,000 additional carpenter trainees. AI Brown's formal education ended when he work and dedication, the Campbell A.C. One of the basic philosophies that completed sixth grade. The fact is that he binds AI Brown and DON CLAUSEN to­ considered. education so important that he baseball te·am doininated their league "read the Bible and the dictionary" and de­ this summer en route to the national title. gether, in striving to enhance job oppor­ tunities for young people today, is our veloped what even a college graduate would Their splendid victory in the NABF have to call an extensive vocabulary and a junior tournament gave the Youngstown mutual dedication to vocational educa­ good command of the English language, area its first championship in this ama­ tion, skill training, and apprenticeship He inherited his mother's admiration for teur baseball classic. programs which prepare young people Woodrow Wilson and emulated him while for meaningful employment a richer As a man who was born and raised in trying to "'educate myself as much as pos­ life, and the opportunity to' develop a Campbell, Ohio, I salute the players, sible." Today, he says, "I consider myself to sense of pride and purpose--as they be­ be a well-educated man." coaches, and managers of the Campbell And he detests the use of the term "drop­ A.C. baseball team for their outstanding come better prepared to meet the chal­ lenges of change in the decade of the out" as applied to young people who quit achievement. 1970's. school. He also objects to the term "higher The players, coach, and managers of education" because of its implication that the Campbell Athletic Club championship In addition to gearing this remarkable any other type of education is ''low." carpenter apprenticeship training pro­ team are: Business manager, Vlad Tik­ "These terms are a form of snobbery," he gram to young people, AI Brown has also son; coach, AI Frasco; manager, Steve says, "and I object to this kind of rejection. found time to get heavily involved Krivonak; members are: Rick Beck, in Young people leave the formal educational system for a variety of valid reasons, and George Cappuzzello, Charles Carnahan, community, as well as national and in­ ternational affairs. In this regard, A1 it is an insult to call them 'drop-outs.' Ralph DePizzo, Chip H~uschak, Albert Brown has been very active and person­ "One reason young people reject the 'sys­ Johnson, John Linden, Ken Linden, Joe ally involved in helping to provide low­ tem• is that it does not prepare them for Malys, Jeff Marconi, David Mootz, Mike whatever it is they want to do with their Morris, Tommy Morris--bat boy, Louis and middle-income family housing for lives. Not everybody wants to be a doctor or Packer, Alan Rogers, Mike Szenborn, Jan people in and around Santa Rosa. His a lawyer, but society has a definite idea of Terlecky, Gary Tondy, Chris White, and personal commitment to the completion wlm.t success is, and that's it. Mike Zaluski-most valuable player of the Valley Oak housing project will "The problem is that the high school (or stand as a living monument to this great college) gradU81tes enter a world of surplus. winner. We, now have a surplus of teachers, so they I also salute Campbell baseball fans American who has devoted his life to cant become teachers any more. We have who faithfully supported the team and helping others help themselves to a bet­ a surplus of almost everything, especially cheered it on to victory. On November 6, ter life. at the top. October 19, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 36917 "Our educational system," he says, "is Brown, "that can meet all of our needs with­ In the other body, Senator MoNTOYA basically a pyramid With a peak composed out employing all of om· people." introduced equivalent legislation in Feb­ of a handful of Ph. D.'s. And, they can't get Therefore, he offers, more jobs will have ruary and now has reintroduced it--with jobs. Engineers and scientists are on the to be created. And, these jobs \ill not be relief rolls, and this is a. crisis situation in "at the top.'' There already is a surplus of 23 cosponsors-as an amendment to some cities! manpower for the jobs "at the top.'' The new H.R.l. "Special education for the development of jobs will be for Joe Average who, probably, Mr. Speaker, the growing support for special talents does not guarantee a job. But, does not have even a high school education this proposal inside the Congress is thes(} young people coming out of high school from "the academic assembly line." matched by growing support outside it. (and college) have to get a job doing some­ Al Brown's philosophy has carried his in­ The American Association of Retired thing. The schools are going to have to start terests into many fields. It has been said that Persons, in the October-November issue preparing young people for employment." "he can't be pigeonholed" in either interests or activities. of its magazine, Modern Maturity, CARPENTER lists its position on each topic scheduled And, here's where we get to the heart ot TESTIMONIAL DINNER for discussion at the 1971 White House the matter. For, A1 Brown is known best for For this reason, and as a tribute to his Conference on Aging. As to health, the many years of dedie~:.. ted service to organized his 30-plus years of distinguished service in association supports enactment of a na­ various capacities in his union, the Brother­ labor, a testimonial dinner in his honor has hood of Carpenters. He's also a certified been planned for Oct. 8 at the Flamingo tional health plan, and until it is enacted horse-shoer, author, film director and actor, Hotel. The event will be en-sponsored by the urges the Congress "to assure that all but that's another story. Sonoma. County Central Labor Council and persons become eligible for medicare His position since June, 1963, has been as the Sonoma-Mendocino-Lake Counties Build­ upon attaining age 65." director of the Northern California Carpen­ ing Trades Council. The association further supports "the ters Joint Apprenticeship and Training No-host cocktails from 6:30 until 7:30p.m. inclusion of prescription drug costs in Committee. will precede the dinner. Ticket intormation medicare." He became a carpenter in 1926, reluctantly is available by calling 762-7338 or 542-1107. following in the footsteps of his father, who Thursday is the deadline for reservations. also was a capenter. In 1938 he was elected A "This Is Your Life" theme will prevail. as secretary of the Redwood District Council It will be mentioned that Al Brown has per­ HOUSE SUBCOMMI'ITEE REPORTS of Carpenters (Sonoma, Napa and Mendocino formed a. myriad of community services. EFFECTIVE CANCER A'ITACK ACT counties) and since has been either elected Among them was the eight years he served OF 1971 or appointed to so many different positions on the board of directors of Santa Rosa Boys that it would be difficult to list them. They Club, Inc., and the one year he served as include, however being president of Carpen­ president of the board. HON. PAUL G. ROGERS ters Local 981, the local Local. Then, there was his campaign to save the OF FLORIDA Church-of-One-Tree and have it moved to He has seen organized labor from the out­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES side looking in, from the inside looking out, its present location. There was his member­ and from the middle of the two. And, he has ship on the San Quentin Prison Trade Ad­ Tuesday, October 19, 1971 visory Committee an appointment made by become a campaigner for major overhaul of Mr. ROGERS. Mr. Speaker, yesterday the formal educational system in order to Governors Earl Warren, Goodwin Knight and provide vocational training. Edmund Brown. I was privileged to introduce on behalf "I got a call the other day from a boy who He will be honored for many reasons, the of myself, Mr. SATTERFIELD, Mr. KYROS, wanted to quit high school," he says. "Notice most important of which probably is his Mr. PREYER, Mr. SYMINGTON, Mr. RoY, I don't say he wanted to 'drop out;' I said philosophy. Al Brown once wrote, "Life is a Mr. NELSEN, Mr. CARTER, and Mr. HAST­ he wanted to 'quit.' He wanted to know the do-it-yourself project." He's a living example INGS, the Cancer Attack Act of 1971. This qualifications of carpentry. So, I said, 'First, of that point of view, yet he is considered a leader. bill was unanimously reported to the In­ let's talk about math.' I didn't say 'higher terstate and Foreign Commerce Com­ mathematics; • I said 'math.' But, when it comes to leadership, he quotes Eugene Debs: "I would not lead you 1! I mittee by the Subcommittee on Public HIGHER MATHEMATICS could, for if I could lead you, I could as well Health and Environment on October 14, "Now, you don't have to finish high school mislead you." 1971. It represents the efforts of a sub­ or go to college to learn the math necessary And, he says, "I have to live with myself. committee which held 4 weeks of hear­ to be a carpenter. High school and college I'm the only one I HAVE to live with. I have ings on the various proposals to stimulate counsellors don't tell the whole truth be­ to be able to look at myself in the mirror cause they tell young people they need to each morning and not be ashamed of what . this country's :fight against cancer. I be­ learn 'higher mathematics.' Now, that's an I see." lieve that it is a bill that each Member absurb term in the first place. There is noth­ of this body can and should support. ing 'higher' about it. Mr. Speaker, as you know, the other "So, I talked with the boy and he said OUTPATIENT PRESCRIPTION DRUG body has passed a bill, S. 1828, which has he definitely wanted to quit high school. He COVERAGE UNDER MEDICARE received attention in some newspapers had his reasons and I won't go into them lately through full page advertisements. now. The point is that I told him there are night courses he could take to learn the HON. DAVID R. OBEY These advertisements did not even indi­ .ma.th he needed to know in order to be a cate that the House was busy hearing carpenter. We even give a class in carpen­ OF WISCONSIN from 51 witnesses on the cancer issue or try," he says. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES that legislation other than the Senate In the last several years, A l Brown reflects, Tuesday, October 19, 1971 version was being considered. there have been some dramatic changes of I believe that the Members of this body attitude within the educational system. Mr. OBEY. Mr. Speaker, as of today should have an opportunity to know of Teachers and other educators, he says, are 113 Members are cosponsoring my bill to the subcommittee's bill, its provisions, "coming to the realization that academic provide outpatient prescription drug cov­ and the reasons for its differences with emphasis is not getting the job done. Voca­ erage under medicare. tional education is needed and 't is needed the Senate version. For this reason, I am now." The features of this bill, which would submitting an editorial and a letter to Although he uses carpentry as an example establish a comprehensive drug insurance the editor from Dr. John A. D. Cooper, of one of the trades for which young people program for the 20 million Americans president of the Association of American could be trained, he points out that there covered by medicare, include: Medical Colleges, both of which appeared are many fields which an interested youth First, coverage of prescription drugs in today's Washington Post. I include may enter in order to find employment. And and certain nonprescription drugs of spe­ these articles, as well as the text of the employment itself is a problem. cial life-sustaining value; bill in the RECORD at this point: UNEMPLOYMENT Second, financing under the part A­ THE CONQUEST OF CANCER "We have reached a stage in our over-all payroll tax-portion of medicare, rather The fight over the proposal to establish a socio-economic situation where we have to than part :a.-supplementary medical in­ new Conquest of Cancer Institute 1s buUd­ live With at least six per cent unemploy­ surance-so that beneficiaries would not ing toward a climatic finish. A House sub­ ment," he says. have to pay monthly premiums, keep committee last Friday voted down the pro­ According to an article in this month's records or file claims; posal backed by the White House 1'or creating North Bay labor Journal, more than one bil· such an independent agency, substituting in lion man-days were lost last year due to Third, selection by a formular commit­ its place a blll strengthening the position the unemployment of an average of more tee of the drugs to be covered; of the exlstlng cancer institute inside the than 1'our-mllllon workers. Fourth, $1 copaym.ent by the purchaser structure of the National In&titutes of "We have oreated a situation," says AI for each prescription. Health. Since the Senate had previously 36918 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 19, 1971 passed the White House plan by an over­ We hope that as the House subcommittee grams in the Nlli. Thus, the cancer effort whelming majority and since the White will be sustained in its judgment on this would be separated out of the other research House shows no signs of backing down, the emotion-laden subject when the matter activities in the NIH and the contributions way seems clear for a fight on the House floor reaches the floor and that the Senate can they can make to advancing our knowledge or in a conference committee or both. be persuaded to follow the recommenda­ about neoplasia. There have been few other legislative pro­ tions of those who oppose stripping cancer Crea.tion of an independent cancer pro­ posals in recent years that have divided the studies out of the existing framework of gram would force into the over-burdened nation's medical community so sharply. In biomedical research. Office of Management and Budget and the our letters column today, the President of Executive Office of the President decisions the Association of Medical Colleges chal­ HEAD OF MEDICAL COLLEGES ASSOCIATION which neither is capable of carrying out. lenges some of the points raised earlier this ON THE CANCER AGENCY Dr. Pollard notes that the creation of ana­ month by a letter from the President of the In the Washington Post of October 6, there tional cancer agency will not fragment NIH American Cancer Society. We might let the appeared a letter from H. Marvin Pollard, but rather strengthen it and that the Ameri­ exchange go at that except for the full page president of the American Cancer Society, can Cancer Society was one of the original advertisement in this newspaper last week Inc., entitled "A New Opportunity to Fight supporters of the National Cancer Institute in which it was asserted that objections to Cancer." Dr. Pollard states that the recent and obviously would not "embrace any pro­ the bill come mainly from those "who do not House hearings in Washington on legislation posal that would harm what we helped to have expert cancer knowledge" and "do not aimed at expanding the national attack on create." fully understand the situation." The impli­ cancer makes it pertinent for the public to Dr. Pollard testified before the Senate com­ CSition of the ad, like the implication of have a clear understanding of both the facts mittee in support of a bill that would abolish similar ads that have appeared elsewhere is and the issues surrounding the proposal con­ the National Cancer Institute. that the only way to conquer cancer is to tained in the bill S. 1828 to establish an in­ No one who has appeared before the com­ establish a new institute with that as its goal dependent Conquest of Cancer Agency with­ mittees in the House and Senate has urged and that only those who want the new in­ in the National Institutes of Health, which any delay or diminishment in the attack stitute are ready to support an all-out at­ has been passed by the Senate but now re­ upon cancer. As stated by Congressman Rog­ tack on cancer. jected by Congressman Paul Rogers and his ers, there is a need for a most careful and If the situation were really as simple as the Subcommittee on Public Health and En­ deliberate examination of a proposal which ·authors of this advertisement make it seem, vironment. holds within it the potentiality of destroying there would be no dispute over the White Unfortunately, Dr. Pollard's letter will add the one institution, the NIH, that has made House proposal. There is no opposition that only to public confusion and misunderstand­ so much of the scientific progress underlying we know of to increased federal funding for ing concerning the legislation now being con­ a greater medical capability in cancer pos­ cancer research nor to a federal commitment sidered by the Congress and the most effec­ sible. aimed at providing whatever funds are nec­ tive way to confront this dread disease. Dr. Pollard holds that S. 1828 will not fi­ essary to find a cure for cancer. But it does Dr. Pollard states that S. 1828 is supported nancially harm the budgets of the other Nm not follow that the creation of a new, free­ by the majority of doctors who are cancer Institutes, citing the fact that the Congress wheeling agency which reports only to the specialists and opposition comes only from appropriated $142 million more than the President is either the only or the best way scientists who are not experts in cancer and President requested for FY 1972 for NIH re­ to channel those funds. And that 1S what the thus do not fully understand the situation. search institutes, other than the National fight is all about. Many distinguished investigators in the Cancer Institute, as evidence. It is true that many of those researchers field of cancer, most of whom are also con­ The President's request for 1972, while who focus solely on cancer favor the es­ cerned with the care of patients, have ap­ supporting a $100 million special appropria­ tablishment of a new agency. That is hardly pea.red before the House committee in oppo­ tion for new cancer initiatives, drastically surprising. Any group of researchers on any sition to this bill. Among them are Dr. How­ cut the support for other institute pro­ subject would love to have an agency de­ ard H. Hiatt, Head of the Cancer Division, grams. Thus, the much-publicized increase voted exclusively to their field. If there is Department of Medicine, Beth Irsa.el Hospi­ of $100 million for cancer research in the to be a special institute for cancer, why tal, Boston; Dr. Robert Handschumacher, President's budget was obtained from pro­ not one fCYr heart diseases? They kill twice American Cancer Society Professor of Phar­ grams upon which further progress in cancer as many people. Or for arthritis, from which macology, Yale University; Dr. George Ni­ is dependent. far more people suffer. chols Jr., Director, Cancer Research Insti­ True, the Congress appropriated. as Dr. Part of the need for a new agency, if we tute, New England Deaconness Hospital, Pollard has noted, some $142 million more are to believe the advertisement, is that it Booton; and Dr. Henry Kaplan, Cha.irma.n of for the NIH programs other than the Na­ would be "an advance in the mechanics the Department of Radiology, Stanford Uni­ tional Cancer Institute. Unfortunately, the of administration" which would free can­ versity, and a member of the Panel of Con­ American Cancer Society had little to do cer researchers from the "red tape which sultants. The major advances in cancer have with this reversal of the President·s budget. now slows the cancer fight." That statement, com.e from scientific fields which have not Dr. Pollard, in testifying before the HEW plus the assertion that it "would be futile been the center of the applied cancer re­ appropriations subcommittee in the House, just to pour more money into the existing search effort. The views of "scientists" can urged only a further increase of $66 million system," is a charge of gross mismanage­ carry at least as much weight in this matter in the cancer budget, ignoring the serious ment against the National Institutes of as those of "doctors." cutbacks in the other NIH research pro­ Health and the Department of Health, Ed­ It is stated that S. 1828 is based upon ex­ grams. The American Cancer Society, al­ ucation and Welfare. It is a charge that we haustive study by a panel of experts who though invited, did not join the Coalition think ha.s not been and cannot be proved. would have liked to support the "status quo" for Health Funding, whose activities were Indeed, if the situation is that bad, it seems but reluctantly came to the conclusion that principally responsible for the increase in strange that the panel of experts which first an independent cancer authority is neces­ research funding. recommended the new agency never saw fit sary because the facts so dictate. Dr. Pollard suggests that if S. 1828 is not to discuss the problems of research manage­ In the report of the Scientific Committee passed, the "status quo" in respect to can­ ment with any of the top officials of either of the panel referred to by Dr. Pollard (a cer research will be retained, and implies HEW or NIH. report that comprises 140 pages of the 149 that such action will contribute in some way Inherent in the drive for a new cancer page report of the overall panel), which ex­ or another to the death of 300,000 persons agency is the promise that a cure can be haustively examines and assesses the prob­ in this nation from cancer. found if only enough money is devoted to lems, obstacles, and opportunities relating to Such an implication is untrue. There is the search and administered in a particu­ further progress in cancer research, there is before the Congress an alternative, approved lar way. This is a promise which the sup­ no mention of the need for an independent last week by the subcommittee. This . bill porters of the new agency are careful to cancer authority or of any organizational will provide the means for mounting a hedge, knowing as they do that the cure or problems. It is quite clear from the assess­ broadly coordinated assault upon cancer cures may still be years or decades away. ment of this scientific group that the major using the full scientific resources of the NIH Yet it is that appeal which has given the barriers to progress in cancer are scientific as well as the National Cancer Institute. It drive for a new agency its popularity, a pop­ and not organizational. The report of the provides for the high level of leadership ularity underlined by the heavy mail to panel provides no evidence or findings to and the administrative authorities to un­ members of Congress which resulted when support the sweeping organizational changes dertake this urgent cancer effort. Rather columnist Ann Landers took up the cudgels recommended. than sowing the seeds of division and de­ for the agency some months ago. Neverthe­ Dr. Pollard states that " ... all that S. struction, this approach will strengthen the less, President Nixon was right when he said 1828 bolls down to is a.n advance in m.echa.n­ entire structure of the NIH so that this na­ last winter that "scientific breakthroughs ics of administration. The essential intel­ tion can continue to be the beneficiary, not are still required and they often cannot be lectual and scientific relationships would only in cancer but also in the other major forced-no matter how much money and remain the same ••." disease areas, of the vigorous biomedical energy is expended." It is worth noting in S. 1828 would give to the Director of the research programs which th1s institution passing that many of the basic discoveries Conquest of cancer Agency extraordinary has brought into being and so well advances. which have helped doctors to understand power and authorities which would be un­ The nation's academic medical centers cancer better did not originate in the con­ available to the Director of the NIH for all find it unfortunate that essentially sub­ text of cancer research. other disease and biomedical research pro- ordinate administrative problems have been October 19, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 36919 utilized to obscure the fundamental sci­ treatment of cancer, including the establish­ shall be allowed travel expenses (including entific and policy issues. These centers, ment of an international cancer research a per diem allowance) under section 5703(b} which carry out a major part of the basic data bank to collect, catalog, store, and dis­ of title 5, United States Code. and applied research in cancer and substan­ seminate insofar as feasible the results of "(3) The Panel shall meet at the call of tial part of the treatment of cancer patients cancer research undertaken in any country the Chairman but not less often than twelve have carefully examined the bllls in Con­ for the use of any person involved in cancer times a year. gress. They enthusiastically support the research in any country. "(4) The Panel shall monitor the develop­ Rogers bill as the most e1fective instrument " ( 5) Establish or support the large-scale ment and execution of the National Cancer to mount the attack against this dread production or distribution of specialized bio­ Attack Program under this section, and shall disease. logical materials and other therapeutic sub­ report directly to the President. Any delays JOHN A. D. COOPER, M.D., stances for research and set standards of or blockages in rapid execution of the pro­ President, Association of American Med­ safety and care for persons using such ma­ gram shall immediately be brought to the ical Colleges. terials. attention of the President. The Panel shall WASHINGTON. "(6) Support research in the cancer field submit to the President annually an evalu­ outside the United States by highly quali­ ation of the efficacy of the National Cancer H.R. 10681 fied foreign nationals (where the Director Attack Program and suggestions for improve­ SHORT TITLE determines that such support can reason­ ments, and shall submit such other reports ably be expected to inure to the benefit of as the President shall direct. At the request SEcTioN 1. This Act may be cited as "The the American people); support collaborative of the President, it shall submit for his con­ National Cancer Attack Act of 1971". research involving American and foreign sideration a list of names of persons for con­ FINDINGS AND DECLARATION OF PURPOSE participants; and support the training of sideration for appointment as Director of the SEc. 2. (a) The Congress finds and de­ American scientists abroad and foreign National Cancer Institute. clares-- scientists in the United States. "NATIONAL CANCER RESEARCH AND DEMONSTRA­ ( 1) that cancer is the disease most feared "(7) Support appropriate manpower pro­ TION CENTERS by Americans today; grams of training in fundamental sciences "SEC. 408. (a) The Director of the National (2) that new scientific leads, if compre­ and clinical disciplines to provide an ex­ Cancer Institute is authorized to provide for hensively and energetically exploited, may panded and continuing manpower base the establishment of fifteen new centers for sign,ificantly advance the time when more from which to select investigators, physi­ clinical research, training, and demonstra­ adequate preventive and therapeutic capa­ cians, and allied health professional personal tion of advanced diagnostic and treatment billties are available to cope with cancer; for participatation in clinical and basic re­ methods relating to cancer. Such centers (3) that cancer, heart, and lung diseases sea.reh and treatment programs relating to may be supported under subsection (b) or and stroke are the leading causes of death cancer, including where appropriate the use under any other applicable provision of law. in the United States; of training stipends, fellowsl1ips, and careers "(b) The Director of the National Cancer (4) that the present state of our under­ awards. Institute, under policies established by the standing of cancer, heart, and lung diseases "(8) Call special meetings of the National Director of the National Institutes of Health and stroke is a consequence of broad ad­ Cancer Advisory Council at such times and and after consultation with the National vances across the full scope of the bio­ in such places as the Director deems neces­ Cancer Advisory Council, is authorized to medical sciences; sary in order to consUlt with, obtain advice enter into cooperative agreements with pub­ ( 5) that in order to provide for the most from, or to secure the approval Of projects, lic or private nonprofit agencies or institu­ e1fective attack on cancer it is important to progrn.ms, or other actions to be undertaken tions to pay all or part of the cost of plan­ use all of the biomedical resources of the without delay in order to gain maximum ning, establishing or strengthening, and National Institutes of Health, rather than benefit from a new scientific or technical providing basic operating support for existing the resources of a single Institute; and finding. or new centers (including, but not limited (6) that the programs of the research in­ "(9} (A) Prepare and submit, directly to to, centers established under subsection (a}) stitutes which comprise the National In­ the President for review and transmittal to for clinical research, training, and demon­ stitutes of Health have made it possible to Oongress, an annual budget estimate for the stration of advanced diagnostic and treat­ bring into being the most productive scien­ National Cancer Attack Program, after op­ ment methods relating to cancer. Federal tific community centered upon health and portunity for comment (but without change payments under this subsection in support disease that the world has ever known. by the Secretary, the Du·ector of the National of such cooperative agreements may be used (b) It is the purpose of this Act to en­ Institutes of Health, and the National Can­ for (1} construction (notwithstanding any large the authorities of the National Cancer cer Advisory Council; and (B) receive from limitation under section 405), (2) staffing Institute and the National Institutes of the President and the Office of Management and other basic operating costs, including Health in order to advance the national at­ and Budget directly all funds appropriated such patient care costs as are required for tack upon cancer. by Congress for obligation and expenditure research, (3) training (including training NATIONAL CANCER ATTACK PROGRAM by the National Cancer Institute. for allied health professions persO'Ilnel) and " (c) The National Cancer Advisory Coun­ SEC. 3. (a) Part A of title IV of the Pub­ (4) demonstration purposes; but support lic Health Service Act is amended by adding cil shall meet at the call of the Director of under this subsection (other than support after section 406 the following new sections: the National Cancer Institute or of such for construction) shall not exceed $5,000,000 Council's Chairman, but not less than four per year per center. Support of a center "NATIONAL CANCER ATTACK PROGRAM times in each calendar year. under this section may be for a period of not "SEc. 407. (a) In his capacity as an As­ "(d) (1) There is hereby established the to exceed three years and may be extended sociate Director of the National Inlstitutes President's Cancer Attack Panel which shall by the Director of the National Cancer Insti­ of Health, the Director of the National Can­ be composed of three persons appointed by tute for additional periods of not more than cer Institute shall coordinate all of the ac­ the President, who by virtue of their train­ three years each, after review of the opera­ tivities of the National Institutes of Health ing, experience, and background are excep­ tions of such center by an appropriate scien­ relating to cancer with the National Cancer tionally qualified to appraise the National tific review group established by the Director Attack Program. Cancer Attack Program. At least two of the of the National Cancer Institute. "(b) In carrying out the National Cancer members of the Panel shall be distinguished "CANCER CONTROL PROGRAMS Attack Program, the Director of the National scientists or physicians. Cancer Institute shall: "(2) (A) Members shall be appointed for "SEC. 409. (a) The Director of the National "(1} With the advice of the National Can­ three-year terms, except that (i) in the case Cancer Institute shall establish programs as cer Advisory Council, plan and develop an of two of the members first appointed, one necessary for cooperation with State and expanded, intensified, and coordinated can­ shall be appointed !or a term of one year other health agencies in the prevention, con­ cer research program encompassing the pro­ and one shall be appointed for a term Of trol, and eradication of cancer. grams of the National Cancer Institute, re­ two years, as designated by the President at "(b) There are authorized to be appropri­ lated programs of the other research insti­ the time of appointment, and (11) any mem­ ated to carry out this section $20,000,000 for tutes, and other Federal and non-Federal ber appointed to fill a vacancy occurring the fiscal year ending June 30, 1972, $30,000,- programs. prior to the expiration of the term for which 000 for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1973, his predecessor was appointed shall be ap­ and $40,000,000 for the fiscal year ending "(2) Expeditiously utilize existing research June 30, 1974. facillties and personnel of the National In­ pointed only for the remainder of such term. stitutes of Health for accelerated exploration "(B) The President shall designate one of "AUTHORITY OF DmECTOR of the opportunities for the conquest of can­ the members to serve as Chairman for a term "SEC. 410. The Director of the National cer in areas of special promise. of one year. Cancer Institute (after consultation with "(3) Encourage and coordinate cancer re­ " (C) Members of the Panel shall each be the National Cancer Advisory Council), in search by industrial concerns where such entitled to receive the daily equivalent of carrying out his functions in administering the annual rate of ba.sic pay in effect for concerr.s evidence a particular capability for the national cancer attack program and gra.de GB-18 of the General Schedule for without regard to any other provision of such research. each day (including traveltime) during "(4) Collect, analyze, and disseminate all this Act, is authorized- which they are engaged in the actual per­ "(!) 1f authorized by the National Cancer data usefUl in the prevention, diagnosis, and formance of duties vested in the Panel, and Advisory Council, to obtain the services of 36920 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 19, 1971 not more than fifty experts or consultants "AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS "(99) Associate Director, National Insti­ who have scientific or professional qualifica­ "SEC. 410B. For the purpose of ca.rrying out tutes of Health-Director of National In­ tions, in accordance with the provisions of this part (other than section 409) , there are stitute of Neurological Diseases and Stroke." section 3109 of title 5, United States Code authorized to be appropriated $400,000,000 EFFECTIVE DATE (but any such expert or consultant may be for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1972; $500,- appointed for a period in excess of one year); 000,000 for the fiscal year ending June 30, SEC. 6. (a) This Act and the amendments "(2) to the extent that the Director of the 1973; and $600,000,000 for the fiscal year end­ made by this Act shall take effect sixty days National Cancer Institute deems it necessary after the date of enactment of this Act or ing June 30, 1974." on such prior date after the date of en­ in order to recruit specially qualified scien­ (b) Section 301(d) of the Public Health tific or other professional personnel without actment of this Act a-s the President shall Service Act is amended by adding at the end prescribe and publish in the Federal Register. previous competitive service, to establish the thereof the following: "Provided further, entrance grade for such personnel at not to (b) The first sentence of section 454 of the That, under procedures approved by the Public Health Service Act (added by sec­ exceed two grades above the grade otherwise Director of the National Institutes of Health, established for such personnel under the ap­ tion 5(a) of this Act) shall apply only with the Director of the Nwtional Cancer Institute respect to appointments made after the ef­ plicable provisions of title 5 of the United may approve grants for research or training States Code; fective date of this Act. purposes-- Amend the title so as to read: "A b111 to "(3) to acquire, construct, improve, re­ "(1) in amounts not to exceed $35,000 pair, operate, and maintain cancer centers, amend the Public Health Service Act so after appropriate review for scientific merit as to strengthen the National Cancer In­ laboratories, research, and other necessary but without requirement of review and ap­ facilities and equipment, and related accom­ stitute and the National Institutes of Health proval by the National Cancer Advisory in order to conquer cancer as soon as pos­ modations as may be necessary, and such Council, and sible." other real or personal property (including "(2) in amounts exceeding $35,000 afte:c patents) as the Director deems necessary; appropriate review of scientific merit and to acquire by lease or otherwise through the recommendation for approval by such coun­ Administrator of General Services, buildings cil." TRIBUTE TO DR. JAMES E. or parts of buildings in the District of Co­ ALLEN, JR. lumbia or communities located adjacent to REPORT TO CONGRESS the District of Columbia for the use of the SEc. 4. (a) The President shall carry out a National Cancer Institute for a period not to review of all administrative processes under HON. JONATHAN B. BINGHAM exceed ten years without regard to the Act which the National Cancer Attack Program, OF NEW YORK of March 3, 1877 (40 U.S.C. 34); established under part A of title IV of the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES "(4) to appoint one or more advisory com­ Public Health Service Act, will operate, in­ mittees composed of such private citizens cluding the processes of advisory council and Tuesday, October 19, 1971 and officials of Federal, State, and local gov­ peer group reviews, in order to assure the ernments as he deems desirable to advise him most expeditious accomplishment of the ob­ Mr. BINGHAM. Mr. Speaker, I had the with respect to his functions; jectives of the program. Within one year of privilege of serving with Dr. James E. " ( 5) to utilize, with their consent, the the date of enactment of this Act the Pres­ Allen, Jr., under Averell Harriman when services, equipment, personnel, information, ident shall submit a report to Congress of the latter was Governor of New York, and facilities of other Federal, State, or local the findings of such review and the actions and I had enormous respect and affec­ public agencies, with or without reimburse­ taken to facilitate the conduct of the pro­ tion for hirr_ and his wife. So I was ment thereof; gram, together with recommendations for any needed legislative changes. shocked and grieved by news of the death "(6) to accept voluntary and uncompen­ of Dr. and Mrs. Allen in the crash of an sated services; (b) The President shall request of the Congress without delay such additional ap­ airplane near the Grand Canyon on Sun­ "(7) to accept unconditional gifts, or dona­ propriations as are required to pursue im­ day, October 16. I am certain that all of tions of services, money, or property, real, mediately any development in the National personal, or mixed, tangible or intangible; Jim's many friends and acquaintances Cancer Attack Program requiring prompt share the admiration for him voiced to­ "(8) to enter into such contracts, leases, and expeditious support and for which reg­ cooperative agreements, or other transac­ ularly appropriated funds are not available. day in a New York Times editorial prais­ tions, with regard to sections 3648 and 3709 ing his "steady and principled leader­ of the Revised Statutes of the United States PRESIDENTIAL APPOINTMENT OF INSTITUTES' ship" in the field of education. That edi­ (31 U.S.C. 529, 41 U.S.C. 5), as may be neces­ DIRECTORS torial, entitled "Champion of Education," sary in the conduct of his functions, with SEC. 5. (a) Title IV of the Public Health along with a report of other tributes to any public agency, or with any person, firm, Service Act is amended by adding after part Dr. James E. Allen, both from today's association, corporation, or educational in­ F the following new part: stitution; and New York Times, follow: "(9) to take necessary action to insure that "PART G-ADMINISTRATIVE PROVISIONS CHAMPION OF EDUCATION all channels for the dissemination and ex­ "DIRECTORS OF INSTITUTES James E. Allen Jr., who was killed with his change of scientific knowledge and informa­ "SEc. 454. The Director of the National In­ wife in a plane crash last weekend, saw the tion are maintained between the National stitutes of Health and the Directors of the fundamental issues of social justice with a Cancer Institute and the other scientific National Cancer Institute, the National Heart clarity that sometimes made his more politi­ medical, and biomedical disciplines and or­ and Lung Institute, and the National In­ cally inclined colleagues in school adminis­ ganizations nationally and internationally. stitute of Neurological Disea-ses and Stroke tration slightly uneasy in his presence. Yet "SEc. 410A. The Director of the N-ational shall be appointed by the President. The he was never self-righteous or arrogant. He Cancer Institute shall, by regulation, pro­ Directors of the National Cancer Institute, understood why educational officials and vide for proper scientific review of all re­ the National Heart and Lung Institute, and politicians were often driven to choose the search grants and programs over which he the National Institute of Neurological Dis­ easier road; and he held the respect of even has authority (1) by utilizing, to the maxi­ e'.lses and Stroke are designated as Associate those whose course he vigorously opposed. mum extent possible, appropriate peer review Directors of the National Institutes of Health, In four years as New York State Education groups established within the National In­ and shall report directly to the Director of Commissioner, Dr. Allen's policies often drew stitutes of Health and composed principally the National Institutes of Health." fire, but his personal integrity remained be­ of non-Federal scientists and other experts (b) (1) Section 5314 of title 5, United yond question. His lack of interest in orga­ in the scientific and disease fields, and (2) States Code, is amended by adding at the nizational detail-a temperamental rather when appropriate, by establishing, with the end thereof the following new paragraph: than an intellectual flaw-did at times im­ approval of the National ·Cancer Advisory "(58) Director, National Institutes of pair his success as an administrator, but Council and the Director of the National In­ Health." most who worked with him considered this stitutes of Health, other formal peer review (2) Section 5315 of title 5, United States a modest enough price to pay for steady and principled leadership. groups as may be required. Code, is amended by adding at the end there­ "(b) The Director of the National Cancer C'f the following new paragraphs: His appointment in 1969 as United States Institute shall, as soon as practicable after Commissioner of Education was at first re­ "(95) Deputy Director, National Institutes garded as an Administration signal of liberal the end of each calendar year, prep-are in con- of Health. intent, particularly in racial matters, but Dr. sultation with the National cancer Advisory "(96) Deputy Director for Science, Na­ Council and submit to the President for Allen's outlook proved incompatible with the tional Institutes of Health. prevailing political winds in Washington. Re­ transmittal to the Congress a report on the "(97) Associate Director, National :In­ fusal to hide his distress over the invasion activities, progress, and accomplishments stitutes of Health-Director, National Can­ of Cambodia turned his dismissal into an under the National Cancer Attack Program cer Institute. altogether characteristic exit. during the preceding calendar year and a "(98) Associate Director, National Insti­ Professional appraisals may weigh his ac­ plan for the program during the next five tutes of Health-Director, National Heart; complishments in such grave issues as inte­ years. and Lung Institute. gration, school reform and decentralization. October 19, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 36921 But the true measure of James Allen may be ing integration and liberalism on the issue of Education ruled against employment of Com­ more appropriately taken from a minor student rights. munists, Dr. Allen ruled against the action episode. A child wrote urging the Federal After leaving his Government post, he ac­ and called it an "inquisition." Government to spend money on schools cepted a position at Princeton University as The following year he came out against rather than on war. One of Dr. Allen's sub­ visiting lecturer at the Woodrow Wilson school prayer. ordinates suggested that the pupil be told School of Public and International Affairs, a In the late nineteen-fifties, he tended to to leave such matters to adu.lts. Repudiating position he held at the time of his death. rule against arguments that the state this advice, Dr. Allen wrongress' wishes, establish a new institute with that as its which are to keep up the lunch program HON. ROBERT H. MICHEL goal and that only those who want the new institute are ready to support an all-out at­ pretty much as it is. Even President Nixon's OF ILLINOIS special consultant on hunger, Dr. Jean Mayer tack on cancer. of Harvard, chimed in against the adminis­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES If the situation were really as simple as tration, saying the cutback was "mean­ Tuesday, October 19, 1971 the authors of this advertisement make it spirited." He added: seem, there would be no dispute over the "We ought to find better ways to save Mr. MICHEL. Mr. Speaker, as the edi­ White House proposal. There is no opposition money than to take it out of the mouths tor of the Washington Post says "The that we know of to increased federal funding of hungry children." fight is building" over the establishment for cancer research nor to a federal commit ­ That just about says it all. of a new Conquest of Cancer Agency. ment aimed at providing whatever funds are necessary to find a cure for cancer. But it During our hearings on the budget for does not follow that the creation of a new, the National Institutes of Health this free-wheeling agency which reports only to year, Dr. Marston, head of NIH, had this the President is either the only or the best "CHESTY'' PULLER-INCOMPARA­ to say: way to channel those funds. And that is what BLE MARINE The funds provided for the uncertain bus­ the fight is all about. iness of probing the unknown in relation to It is true that many of those researchers disease problems should reflect the state­ who focus solely on cancer favor the estab­ of-the-art in the various biomedical dis­ lishment of a new agency. That is hardly HON. J. KENNETH ROBINSON sur!)rising. Any group of researchers on any OF VffiGINIA ciplines and clinical research fields rather than well-intentioned but extraneous deci­ subject would love to have an agency devoted IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES sions based on political, economic or social exclusively to their field. If there is to be a Tuesday, October 19, 1971 factors. special institute for cancer, why not one for Moreover, cancer research should not be heart diseases? They kill twice as many Mr. ROBINSON of Virginia. Mr. viewed as an isolated-or isolatable--activ­ people. Or for arthritis, from which far more Speaker, in a corps in which legends are ity. The most important reason for keeping people suffer. legion, "Chesty" Puller was a bantam the cancer conquest program within the Part of the need for a new agency, if we Bunyan and a taleteller's delight. family of the NIH is that cancer research is are to believe the advertisement, is that it would be "an advance in the mechanics oi When Lt. Gen. Lewis B. Puller, USMC, inescapably intertwined with various aspects of the research Inissions of the other Insti­ administration" which would free cancer re­ retired, died on October 11, every pr'Ofes­ searchers from the "red tape which now slows sional Marine, active and retired, knew tutes. The complex questions to which bio­ medical research must address itself and the the cancer fight." That statement, plus t h e the corps had lost one of its great. work that goes into their solution are al­ assertion that it "would be futile just to pour Hard-fighting, hard-talking General most never unique to a particular disease more money into the existing system," is a Puller was fiercely loyal to his coun­ charge of gross mismanagement against the or confined to single scientific disciplines. National Institutes of Health a n d the De­ try, and to his comrades in arms. He The present excitement about the role of partment of Health, Education and Welfare. viruses in causing cancer illustrates the way proved his loyalty countless times, and It is a charge that we think has not been and in five Navy Crosses were among the tokens in which progress one field or research cannot be proved. Indeed, if the situation is he collected as he spent freely of his re­ depends on work being done in another. Vi­ that bad, it seems strange that the panel of rologists, who for years have been mainly experts which first recommended the new markable store of valor. concerned with unravelling the mysteries of I include an editorial which appeared agency never saw fit to discuss the problems infectious diseases, such as the common cold of research management with any of the top in the Evening Star of Washington, D.C., for which viruses are thought to be respon~ on Wednesday, October 13, 1971, as fol­ officials of either HEW or NIH. sible, have provided the leads and are now Inherent in the drive for a new cancer lows: doing much of the work in viral carcino­ agency is the promise that a cure can be CHESTY'S LAST BEACHHEAD genesis. found if only enough money is devoted to With the death of Lieutenant General Lew­ Separating cancer research from other the search and administered in a particular is B. Fuller, the Marines, Virginia and the medical research activities-in a way, put­ way. This is a proinise which the supporters nation have lost an almost mythic figure. ting it in competition with other medical of the new agency are careful to hedge, know­ The most decorated Marine Jn the history research-would, I think, do real damage ing as they do that the cure or cures may of the Corps was not a man for all seasons· to all of medical research including cancer still be years or decades away. Yet it is that nor will he be remembered as one of th~ research itself. To put it bluntly, from a sci­ appeal which has given the drive for a new great military thinkers of this or any other .entific point of view, it makes no sense. agency its popularity, a popularity under­ time. Mr. Speaker, at this point in the REc­ lined by the heavy mail to members of Con­ What "Chesty" Puller was was an incom­ gress which resulted when columnist Ann parable fighting man, a small-unit leader (he ORD, I would like to insert the excellent Landers took up the cudgets for the agency never commanded anything larger than a editorial on this subject appearing in this s~me months ago. Nevertheless, President regiment in combat) without peer who cared morning's Washington Post: N1xon was right when he said last winter for nothing except victory and his men. En­ THE CONQUEST OF CANCER that "scientific breakthroughs are still re­ listed men are not given to adoration of their The fight over the proposal to establish a quired and they often cannot be forced-no generals, but there were few Marines who new Conquest of cancer Institute is building matter how much money and energy is ex­ would not have tried to establish a beach­ toward a climatic finish. A House subcom­ pended." It is worth noting in passing that head in hell at a nod from Chesty Puller. mittee last Friday voted down the proposal many of the basic discoveries which have The reason was simple: As his old friend backed by the White House for creating such helped doctors to understand cancer better General Lewis Walt once put it Puller an independent agency, substituting in its did not originate in the context of cancer "didn't send them into battle, they followed place a bill strengthening the position of the research. him in." existing cancer institute inside the structure We hope that as the House subcommittee His Ma.rines knew, too, that once in bat­ of the National Institutes of Health. Since will be sustained in its judgment on this tle, Puller, who bore the scars of a dozen the Senate had previously passed the White emotion-laden subject when the matter wounds, would see them through. When his House plan by an overwhelming majority and reaches the fioor and that the Senate can be 1st Marines were hard-pressed at Ohosin Res­ since the White House shows no signs of persuaded to follow the recommendations ervoir, Puller vowed that in future years he backing down, the way seems clear for a fight of those who oppose stripping cancer studies would hold the regiment's annual reunion on the House fioor or in a conference com­ out of the existing framework of biomedical in a telephone booth before he would permit mittee or both. research. so much as the body of a single dead Ma­ There have been few other legislative pro­ rine--not to speak of the wounded-to be posals in recent years that have divided the abandoned on those frozen Korean passes. nation's medioal .community so sharply. In PERSONAL EXPLANATION He made good on that vow and the 1st Ma­ our letters column today, the Presiderut of rines came out together, the living and the the Association of Medical Colleges chal­ dead, bringing with them the shattered rem­ lenges some of the points raised earlier this HON. ROBERT PRICE nants of other units. month by a letter from the President of the OF TEXAS The retired-but not retiring-general American Cancer Society. We might let the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES never learned t~ suffer fools gladly a.nd, as a exchange go at that except for the full page consequence, his stars came late and he was advertisement in his newspaper last week in Tuesday, October 19, 1971 denied the higher combat commands to which it was asserted that objections to the which he aspired. But there never was a bet­ bill come mainly :from those "who do not ·Mr. PRICE of Texas. Mr. Speaker, ter Marine than that barrel-chested, lantern­ have expert cancer knowledge" and "do not yesterday I was unavoidably detained in jawed, hard-drinking rifieman from West fully understand the situation." The impli­ my district. However, had I been pres­ Point, Virginia, "Chesty" Puller. cation of the ad, like the implication of ent I would have voted "yea" on the bill 36926 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE October 20, 1971 House Joint Resolution 923, I would which ended July 1, Japan purchased The textile lssue happens to be more of a have voted "yea" on H.R. 10458, I would $1.2 billion in U.S. farm products. political issue than an econoinic one. Imports have voted "yea" on H.R. 8140, and I Many of the agricultural products we account for less than three per cent of our would have voted "nay" on H.R. 9212. sell to Japan can be purchased from textile market, and the domestic market is growing by well over three per cent a year. other countries. This year, with our crip- · Japanese imports could probably double piing dock strikes, our best buyer of these without actually reducing the market for farm goods has shopped and bought farm American producers. Liiniting them to in­ THREAT TO FARM MARKETS products grown in other lands. I sincere­ creases of 5 per cent a year will therefore, ly hope our recently approved textile in effect, turn the new market over to Ameri­ agreement does not cause this important can producers. And thls, presumably, will HON. PAUL FINDLEY customer to expand its purchases from make good the proinise which Mr. Nixon OF ILLINOIS other nations at the expense of the U.S. made to southern textile makers in 1968 and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES farmer. which has embarrassed him ever since. But to the extent that the textile quotas Tuesday, October 19, 1971 A copy of the editorial is attached as do have a noticeable effect, American con­ part of these remarks: Mr. FINDLEY. Mr. Speaker, the en­ sumers will find theznselves paying more for tire world watched closely last week as OUT OF THE FRYING PAN · textiles in order to subsidize jobs and profits Japan's agreement to limit its wool and ln the textile industry, and in order to help the United States completed negotiations synthetic textile exports to the United States, bail the American economy out of a pre­ for a quota on Japanese textile exports. after more than a year of haggling, represents dicament into which a generation of govern­ Along with many of my colleagues in a victory for the Nixon administration. But ment Inismanagement has led it. the Congress, I am concerned that our the reaction should reinind us that it is a For this dubious advantage we have in­ hard bargaining with Japan to limit its temporary one and must not be exaggerated. curred the wrath of our trading partners all shipments of textiles may impair U.S. What Japan has demonstrated (however over the world. In Japan, the reaction may interests. reluctantly] is that by subinitting to Ameri­ be especially costly: the Sato government, can pressure, it is possible to escape from the which has staked its reputation on good re­ This concern is also shared by the Chi­ 10 per cent import surcharge which the lations with the United States, is now ac­ cago Tribune in its lead editorial October President imposed in August and which our cused by both industry and the left of 19. Entitled, "Out of the Frying Pan," trading partners bitterly resent. If other surrendering to the United States. In London, the editorial dealt with this critically im­ countries take the hint and make concessions Prime Minister Heath talks glooinily of a portant aspect of our foreign policy. of their own, it may be possible to end the trade war. Quotas impose unfair burdens on con­ surcharge within the three or four months By turning to new artificial quotas instead mentioned on Sunday by Secretary of the of trying to eliininate existing ones here and sumers, discriminate unfairly among for­ Treasury Connally. abroad, we are perpetuating lneffi.ciencies in eign suppliers, and give Government of­ But to the extent that the surcharge is production and trade. The danger now is ficials plums to dispense which are sim­ replaced by quotas, we will merely be mov­ that textile quotas, like the others, will tend ply too juicy. ing from one unsatisfactory means of re­ to become permanent fixtures, at the con­ straining free trade to another. sumers' expense. Clearly this is not the solu­ Strong-arming Japan into accepting tion to our problems. Pushing prices up by textile quotas is especially unfortunate. Quota systezns force American consumers to pay more than they otherwise would pay quotas is no better than allowing them to That nation is the American farmers' for a long list of commodities whose trade is be pushed up by lnfl.ation. The administra­ one and only billion-dollar-a-year cus­ regulated by "commodity agreements" or tion should now dedicate itself to the ulti­ tomer and is rapidly moving toward be­ other forzns of quotas. Among them are mate removal of quotas as well as import coming a $2 billion customer. In the year sugar, coffee, oil, steel and cotton goods. surcharges.

SENATE.-Wednesday, October 20, 1971 The Senate met at 10 a.m. and was THE JOURNAL Senator AIKEN a great Senator, which has kept him close to his homefolks, and called to order by the President pro tern­ Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. President, I ask pore (Mr. ELLENDER). which has brought forth the common­ unanimous consent that the reading of sense which he gives us the benefit of the Journal of the proceedings of Tues­ almost daily, and so far as we are con­ PRAYER day, October 19, 1971, be dispensed with. The Reverend Edgar J. Mundinger, cerned, appreciatively, and I ask unani­ The PRESIDENT pro tempore. With­ mous consent to have the article printed pa~tor, Christ Lutheran Church, 5101 out objection, it is so ordered. 1G'th Street NW., Washington, D.C., of­ in the RECORD. fered the following prayer: There being no objection, the article COMMITTEE MEETINGS DURING was ordered to be printed in the RECORD, Gracious God, we make our common SENATE SESSION as follows: prayer for these United States of Amer­ DAYDREAMING ABOUT VERMONT FROM A ica, for all who are shaping the destiny Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that all committees WINDOW IN WASHINGTON of our land, and particularly for this (By Senator GEORGE D. AIKEN) deliberative body as it convenes this day. may be authorized to meet during the Give to each of us wisdom, courage, session of the Senate today. (EDITOR'S NoTE.-Leaving Vermont every The PRESIDENT pro tempore. With- fall when the Congress goes back to work and concern so that the decisions we must be one of the hardest things Sen. George make may express Your will for our out objection, it is so ordered. · D. Aiken has to do. At this time of year, the country. nation's capital is beautiful, but it's nothing To this intent, purify our motives and AUTUMN IN VERMONT like being back home in Putney when the help us order our priorities, that we "seek nights start turning cold. first the kingdom of God." Help us to Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. Presi<;lent, in a (We suspected that .Sen. Aiken must day­ supplement to the Berkshire Eagle, the dream some about his state when he's down maintain faith in each other and confi­ there in Washington, and we were right.) dence in the citizenry, so that the words Torrington Register, the Bennington WASHINGTON, D.C.-You ask-what does a we speak and the conclusions we reach Banner, and the Brattleboro Reformer, Vermonter think about when he's 500 Iniles may serve the greatest good and give You entitled ''Upland Autumn," for October away from home and realizes that it's autumn the greatest glory. 1971 there is a most heartwarming ar­ once again? We pray that our faith may wear bi­ ticle written by the distinguished senior Well, looking out of our apartment across focals that see the heartache and the Senator from Vermont (Mr. AIKEN). The the park I see the Capitol of the United need around us, but down the road also title is "Daydreaming About Vermont States-beautiful, imposing, dignified, and see the patience of God, working out His From a Window in Washington," al­ symbolizing the strength of the nation. A bit to the right, the Washington Monument plan for the world which He has made, though I would perfer that it be entitled points upward to the sky. which His Son has redeemed, and His "Autumn in Vermont." And farther beyond are the spires or spirit regularly renews through Jesus Mr. President, the article contains Georgetown University. These, and other Christ our Lord. Amen. much of the philosophy which has made buildings in the distance, bear mute evidence