Language and the Media (LIN 5210): Module Outline and Readings

Module convener Lecture programme Dr Diana ben-Aaron Room: Arts 1.16B Week 1 (26 Sep) Historical perspectives and media genres E-mail: [email protected] Week 2 (3 Oct) Getting our attention: headlines and leads Phone: (020) 7882 8307 Week 3 (10 Oct) Who says? Evidencing, quoting, intertextuality Office hours: Thu 11-2 and by appointment Week 4 (17 Oct) Ideologies and discourses Week 5 (24 Oct) Multimedia modes: image, audio and video Module details Week 6 (31 Oct) Interactivity and social media Department: Prerequisites: LIN4200 Week 7 READING WEEK Level: 5 Semester: 1 Week 8 (14 Nov) Language attitudes and standardization in media Credits: 15 Meetings: Thu 9-11 am, Maths 203 Week 9 (21 Nov) Language variation and identities in media Week 10 (28 Nov) Language creativity and innovation in media This module provides a view of media language that incorporates linguistic Week 11 (5 Dec) Language of entertainment media: film and television concepts and analysis; and demonstrates the range of approaches that can be Week 12 (12 Dec) Conclusion and further case studies applied to language of news related genres in traditional and digital media. The focus is on issues of linguistic style (and their meaning in the media), processes Module readings of language standardization (and the role that the media play), and the manner There is no core textbook for this module. These books may be useful: in which the discursive practices of journalists and media-makers shape text. Particular attention will be paid to linguistic means of establishing credibility and Barton, David, & Carmen Lee. 2013. Language online. London: Routledge. authenticity, acceptability and othering. Bednarek, Monika, & Helen Caple. 2012. News discourse. London: Bloomsbury. Bell, Allan. 1991. The language of news media. Oxford: Blackwell. Assessment Cameron, Deborah, & Ivan Panović. 2014. Working w/ written discourse. London: (i) Survey report on a particular genre: 1000 words; due 23:55 on Sun 10 Sage. Nov (week 8); 40% of final mark Cotter, Colleen. 2010. News talk: investigating the language of (ii) Presentation/participation: presenting a reading in class; 10% of final journalism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. mark Crystal, David. 2011. Internet linguistics: a student guide. London: Routledge. (iii) Final project: research report incorporating an investigation of usage in Fairclough, Norman. 1989/any edn. Language and power. London: Longman. the media: 2000 words, due 23:55 on Wed 19 Dec; 50% of final mark Hartley, John. 2002. Communication, cultural and media studies: the key concepts. (3rd edn.) London: Routledge. Students will be placed in groups for presentations and some research work. Johnson, Sally, & Tommaso Milani (eds). 2010. Language ideologies and media discourse. London: Continuum. All students must ensure that they obtain a copy of the School handbook and Johnson, Sally, & Astrid Ensslin (eds). Language in the media. London: Continuum. follow the School's guidelines and regulations in all matters regarding this Myers, Greg. 2010. The discourse of blogs and wikis. London: Continuum. module. Students must note that failure to do so may result in de-registration Page, Ruth, et al. 2014. Researching language and social media: a student guide. from the module, which may have a significant impact on their overall degree London: Routledge. classification. Verschueren, Jef. 1999. Understanding . London: Edward Arnold. Zappavigna, Michele. 2012 Discourse of Twitter and social media. London: Continuum.

1 Weekly reading All readings will be available on QMPlus. Please read before class meetings and note your questions and comments. Lectures will assume that you have Week 3: Who says? Evidencing, quoting, intertextual chains prepared the starred readings, except for the first week. LINGUISTIC TOPIC: Pragmatics and metapragmatics Other readings are optional. They may be referred to in lectures and may Cotter, Colleen. 2010. Chapter 7, particularly Attribution and Quotes. provide starting points for assignment research. Further readings may be Fairclough, Norman. 1995. Media Discourse. Chapter 1. posted on QMPlus during the term. Optional readings in boxes are available to Heywood, John, & Elena Semino. 2007. Metaphors for speaking and writing in be presented by students to fulfil Assessment 2. These build on the lecture of the British press. the week before. Jones, Rodney, & Christoph Hafner. 2012. Chapter 3. Hyperreading and References on this syllabus are condensed for space; it is your responsibility hyperwriting. to complete them when using them on your assignments. Press Complaints Commission. Editors’ code of practice. Thomas, Jenny. 1995. Meaning in Interaction. Chapter 1. Week 1: Historical perspectives and media genres * Verschueren, Jef. 1999. Chapter 1. LINGUISTIC TOPIC: Genre Presentations in Week 3 / building on Week 2: * Bednarek, Monika, & Helen Caple. 2012. Chapter 1. Introduction. Blom, Jonas Nygaard, & Kenneth Reinecke Hansen. 2014. Click-bait: Forward ben-Aaron, Diana. 2018. Linguistic modes. In Colleen Cotter and Daniel Perrin, reference as lure in online news headlines. eds., Routledge Handbook of Language and Media. Fowler, Roger. 1994 [1991]. Hysterical style in the press. Myers, Greg. 2010. The discourse of blogs and wikis. Chapter 2. Genre: What is Schaffer, Deborah. 1995. Shocking secrets revealed! The language of tabloid a blog? What is a wiki? headlines. Solin, Anna. 2009. Genre. In Jan-Ola Östman and Jef Verschueren (eds.), Handbook of pragmatics. Week 4: Ideologies and discourses LINGUISTIC TOPIC: Metaphor Week 2: Getting our attention: headlines and leads * Bednarek, Monika. 2005. Construing the world: conceptual metaphors and LINGUISTIC TOPIC: Process types event construal in newspapers. Bednarek, Monika, & Helen Caple. 2012. Chapter 3. News values; Chapter 4. Charteris-Black, Jonathan. 2005. Politicians and : the persuasive power Language in the news. of metaphor. Chapter 1. * Bell, Allan. 1991. Chapter 9. Make-up of the news text. Fairclough, Norman. 1998. Political discourse in the media. Fairclough, Norman. 1994. Media discourse. 109-116. Kitis, Eliza and Michalis Milapides. 1996. Read it and believe it. How metaphor Halliday, Michael. 1994. Introduction to functional grammar. London: Edward constructs ideology in news discourse. Arnold. Appendix 2: A note on the grammar of little texts. Krennmayr, Tina.2015. What corpus linguistics can tell us about metaphor use Thompson, Geoff. Introducing Functional Grammar. Chapter 1, 3, the beginning in newspaper texts. of 5 until you stop understanding it. Lakoff, George and Mark Johnston. 1980. Metaphors we live by. First chapters. Toolan, Michael. 2001. Narrative: A Critical Linguistic Approach. Chapter 8. Presentations in Week 4 / building on Week 3: Presentations in Week 2 / building on Week 1: Bell, Allan. 1998. The discourse structure of news stories. Bell, Allan. 2000. Dateline, deadline: Journalism, language, and the reshaping Cotter, Colleen. 2010. Chapter 8. “Boilerplate” in news stories. of time and place in the millennial world. Solin, Anna. 2004. Intertextuality as mediation. (environmental news) Kuiper, Konrad. 2009. Formulaic genres: forecasting the weather. Östman, Jan-Ola. 2004. The postcard as media.

2 Week 5: Multimedia modes: image, audio, video Presentations in Week 6 / building on Week 5: LINGUISTIC TOPICS: participant roles; visual codes Dayan, Daniel and Elihu Katz. 1985. Television performs a royal wedding. Goffman, Erving. 1976. Gender Advertisements. Hendy, David. 2004. Speaking to Middle England: Radio Four and its Kress, Gunther, & . 1998. Front pages: (The critical) analysis listeners. of newspaper layout. Hutchby, Ian. 1991. The organization of talk on talk radio. Kress, Gunther, & Theo van Leeuwen. 1996. Reading images: the grammar of Knaś (Lyons), Agnieszka. 2010. Embedded multimodality in text messages. visual design. Excerpt: Visual interaction. Montgomery, Martin. 2001. Defining authentic talk. * Goffman, Erving. 1981. Forms of talk. Excerpt on participant roles. * Selby, Keith and Ron Cowdery, How to Study Television. Chapter 1. Presentations in Week 5 / building on Week 4: Week 7: READING WEEK – no lecture – resources for project design Bhatia, Aditi. 2005. The discourses of terrorism. Bell, Allan. 1991. Chapter 2. Researching media language. Charteris-Black, Jonathan. 2006. Britain as a container: election metaphors in Fairclough, Norman. 1989/any edition. Chapter 5. Critical discourse analysis in the 2005 election campaign. practice: description. Charteris-Black, Jonathan and Andreas Mussolff. 2003. “Battered hero” or Cotter, Colleen. 2015. Discourse and media. “innocent victim”? A comparative study of metaphors for euro trading in British and German financial reporting. (business) Cook, Guy. 2001. The discourse of advertising. (2nd edn.) Chapter 5. Words Week 8: Language attitudes and standardization in media and phrases. LINGUISTIC TOPICS: standard language, standardization, complaint culture, Erjavec, Karmen. 2004. Beyond advertising and journalism: Hybrid style (as written presentation), style (as spoken presentation) promotional news discourse. * Bell, Allan. 1991. Chapter 6. Stylin’ the news: audience design. Mussolff, Andreas. 2013. Political metaphor analysis. Chapter 7. Nations as * Cameron, Deborah. 1995. Verbal hygiene. Chapter 2. Restrictive practices: the persons. politics of style. Cotter, Colleen. 2010. Chapter 9. Standardization in news language Milroy, James & Milroy, Lesley. 2012. Chapters 2 and 3. Complaints; spoken and Week 6: Interactivity and social media written norms. LINGUISTIC TOPICS: production and consumption, affordances, interaction Trudgill, Peter. 1999. Standard English: what it isn’t. boyd, danah, Scott Golder & Gilad Lotan. 2010. Tweet tweet retweet. Presentations in Week 8 / building on Week 6: Conversational aspects of retweeting on Twitter. * Marwick, Alice, & danah boyd. 2011. To see and be seen: Celebrity practice Cotter, Colleen. 2010. Chapter 6. The interaction-based nature of journalism. on Twitter. Crystal, David. 2011. Internet linguistics. Chapter 2. The Internet as a medium. Marwick, Alice, & danah boyd. 2010. I tweet honestly, I tweet passionately: * Herring, Susan. 2012. Discourse in Web 2.0: familiar, reconfigured and Twitter users, context collapse and the imagined audience. emergent. Page, Ruth. 2012. Linguistics of self branding and microcelebrity on Twitter: Jones, Rodney, & Christoph Hafner. 2012. Chapter 5. Online language and social the role of hashtags. interaction. Squires, Lauren & Josh Iorio. 2014. Tweets in old media: legitimizing the McCullogh, Gretchen. 2014. A linguist explains the grammar of doge. medium. Myers, Greg. 2010. Chapter 6. Audiences: a checklist for engaging blog readers. Vis, Farida. 2012. Twitter as a reporting tool in the 2012 London riots. Talbot, Mary. 1992. The construction of gender in a teenage magazine. Zappavigna, Michele. 2011. Ambient affiliation: a linguistic perspective on Thurman, Neil. 2011. Making the Daily Me. Twitter. Puschmann, Cornelius. 2015. The form and function of quoting in digital media.

3 Week 9: Language variation and identities in media Kerswill, Paul. 2014. The objectification of ‘Jafaican’ and MLE in news stories. LINGUISTIC TOPICS indexing, othering, accent discrimination, linguistic Ota, Ichiro & Shoji Takano. 2014. The media influence on language change in landscape Japanese sociolinguistic contexts. Cotter, Colleen. 1999. Media in language revitalisation (Irish). Rojas, Viviana, & Juan Pinon. 2014. Spanish, English or Spanglish? Crystal, David. 2011. Chapter 5. A multilingual internet. Tessler, Holly. 2006. John Peel’s “stylised Scouseness”: Englishness on radio. * Gieve, Simon & Julie Norton. 2007. Dealing with linguistic difference in Trudgill, Peter. 1997 [1983]. Sociolinguistics of British pop-song encounters of Others on British television. pronunciations. Lippi-Green, Rosina. 1997. Teaching children how to discriminate. * Montgomery, Martin. 2001. Defining authentic talk. Sclafani, Jennifer. 2008. The intertextual origins of public opinion: constructing Ebonics in the New York Times. Week 11: Language of entertainment media: film and television Bednarek, Monika. 2011. The language of fictional television. A case study of Presentations in Week 9 / building on Week 8: the “dramedy” Gilmore Girls. Ebner, Carmen 2016. Language guardian BBC? Investigating the BBC’s Beers Fagersten, Kirsty. 2016. Watching TV with a linguist. Excerpt TBA. language advice in its 2003 news styleguide. Ensslin, Astrid. 2010. Language ideologies in computer game discourse. Schwyter, Jürg Rainer. 2008. Setting a standard: early BBC language policy. Queen, Robin. 2015. Vox Popular. Language as narrative action. Tagg, Caroline, et al. 2012. “i didn’t spel that wrong.” Standardization in texting. Presentations in Week 11 / building on Week 10: McCullogh, Gretchen. 2019. Because Internet. Excerpt TBagreed. Tagg, Caroline. 2013. Creativity in everyday text-messaging. Week 10: Language creativity and innovation in media Tagliamonte, Sali, & Derek Denis. 2008. Linguistic ruin? LOL! IMing and teen Milani, Tommaso, & Sally Johnson. 2010. Chapter 1. Language ideologies and language. media discourse. Pietikäinen, Sari. 2014. Language circulation in Sámi media (Finland). Jones, Rodney, & Christoph Hafner. 2012. Chapter 5. Online language and social interaction. Week 12: Conclusion and further case studies Jones, Taylor. 2015. Describing AAVE dialect regions using “Black Twitter.”

Presentations in Week 10 / building on Week 9: PLEASE NOTE: The starred readings are key. Others are to be read and used Androutsopoulos, Jannis. 1999. Displays of subcultural identity in mediated as you feel the need. The readings in boxes that are available for (printed) discourse. presentations are effectively more additional readings for the prior week. Barton, David & Carmen Lee. 2011. Constructing glocal identities through We will not have presentations on all of them – you choose the ones you multilingual writing practices on Flickr.com. want to present. Gonzalez, Andrew. 2012. Stylistic shifts in the English of Philippine print media. Jaffe, Alexandra. 2007. Corsican on the airwaves: media discourse in a context of minority language shift. Kelly-Holmes, Helen. 2005. Minority languages, accents, and dialects in advertising.

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