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Stromboli Mount Fuji Ojos Del Salado Mauna Loa Mount Vesuvius Mount
Volcanoes Top Cards Volcanoes Top Cards Volcanoes Top Cards Volcanoes Top Cards Stromboli Mount Fuji Ojos del Salado Mauna Loa Italy Japan Argentina-Chile Border Hawaii Height Height Height Height Eruption Cycle Eruption Cycle Eruption Cycle Eruption Cycle Erupting continuously Last Erupted Last Erupted Last Erupted Last Erupted for hundreds of thousands of years Fact: This volcano is the highest Fact: Nevados Ojos del Salado is the Fact: Mauna Loa is one of the five Fact: This volcano has been erupting volcano and highest peak in world’s highest active volcano. volcanoes that form the Island of for at least 2000 years. Japan and considered one of the 3 Hawaii in the U.S state of Hawaii in holy mountains. the Pacific Ocean. twinkl.com twinkl.com twinkl.com twinkl.com Volcanoes Top Cards Volcanoes Top Cards Volcanoes Top Cards Volcanoes Top Cards Mount Vesuvius Mount Pinatubo Krakatoa Mount St. Helens Italy Philippines Indonesia United States Height Height Height Height Eruption Cycle Eruption Cycle Eruption Cycle Eruption Cycle Last Erupted Last Erupted Last Erupted Last Erupted Fact: The most famous eruption Fact: Mount Pinatubo’s eruption Fact: The famous eruption of 1883 Fact: The deadliest volcanic eruption happened in 79 AD. Mount Vesuvius on 15th June 1991 was one of the generated the loudest sound ever caused by this volcano was on erupted continuously for over a day, largest volcanic eruptions of the reported in history. It was heard as May 18, 1980, destroying 250 completely burying the nearby city 20th Century. far away as Perth, Australia (around homes and 200 miles of highway. -
Special Superintendency for Pompeii, Herculaneum and Stabiae
SPECIAL SUPERINTENDENCY FOR POMPEII, HERCULANEUM AND STABIAE SERVICE CHARTER OF THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL AREA of the STABIAE EXCAVATION STABIAE EXCAVATION Via Passeggiata Archeologica, 80053 Castellammare di Stabia (Naples) telephone and fax number: +39 081 / 8714541 e‐mail address: ssba- [email protected] [email protected] website: www.pompeiisites.org P R E S E N T A T I O N WHAT IS THE SERVICE CHARTER The Service Charter establishes principles and rules governing the relations between the central and local government authorities providing the services and the citizens that use them. The Charter is an agreement between the provider and the users. It is a tool to communicate with and inform users about the services offered, and the procedures and standards set. It also ensures that any commitments are fulfilled, and that any suggestions or complaints may be made by filling out the appropriate forms if necessary. The Service Charter was adopted by the institutes of the Ministry of Cultural Heritage and Activities and Tourism as part of a series of initiatives aimed at promoting a greater enhancement of the cultural heritage being preserved, and at meeting the expectations of the users about the organisation of events while respecting the requirements of preservation and research. The Charter will be periodically updated to consolidate the quality levels reached and record any positive changes produced by running improvement projects. Such improvements may also be a result of user feedback. THE PRINCIPLES In performing its institutional activity, the Archaeological Area of the STABIAE EXCAVATION draws inspiration from the “fundamental principles” set out in the Directive issued by the President of the Council of Ministers on 27th January 1994: Equality and Fairness In providing our services, we are committed to the principle of fairness, ensuring an equality for all citizens regardless of origin, sex, language, religion, or political persuasion. -
Mount Vesuvius Is Located on the Gulf of Naples, in Italy
Mount Vesuvius is located on the Gulf of Naples, in Italy. It is close to the coast and lies around 9km from the city of Naples. Despite being the only active volcano on mainland Europe, and one of the most dangerous volcanoes, almost 3 million people live in the immediate area. Did you know..? Mount Vesuvius last erupted in 1944. Photo courtesy of Ross Elliot(@flickr.com) - granted under creative commons licence – attribution Mount Vesuvius is one of a number of volcanoes that form the Campanian volcanic arc. This is a series of volcanoes that are active, dormant or extinct. Vesuvius Campi Flegrei Stromboli Mount Vesuvius is actually a Vulcano Panarea volcano within a volcano. Mount Etna Somma is the remain of a large Campi Flegrei del volcano, out of which Mount Mar di Sicilia Vesuvius has grown. Did you know..? Mount Vesuvius is 1,281m high. Mount Etna is another volcano in the Campanian arc. It is Europe’s most active volcano. Mount Vesuvius last erupted in 1944. This was during the Second World War and the eruption caused great problems for the newly arrived Allied forces. Aircraft were destroyed, an airbase was evacuated and 26 people died. Three villages were also destroyed. 1944 was the last recorded eruption but scientists continue to monitor activity as Mount Vesuvius is especially dangerous. Did you know..? During the 1944 eruption, the lava flow stopped at the steps of the local church in the village of San Giorgio a Cremano. The villagers call this a miracle! Photo courtesy of National Museum of the U.S. -
T2-H-5271-Pompeii-Photo-Information-Powerpoint Ver 1.Pdf
This colonnade forms part of the forum. The forum was a public square which would have been used for meetings, criminal trials, public speeches, and markets. Colonnade Many streets remain in Pompeii. Here you can see cobbled streets with pavements on each side. In the distance is Mount Vesuvius – the volcano that destroyed Pompeii. Street In ancient Pompeii, there were many types of entertainment. One popular pastime was the theatre where people went to watch plays. This theatre had space for 1,000 spectators. Odeon – small theatre The Romans worshipped many gods. This temple is dedicated to Apollo, the god of music, and was built on a high platform to make it look more impressive. Temple of Apollo The House of the Vettii was one of the most impressive and richly decorated houses in Pompeii. It was named after the owners, Aulus Vettius Conviva and Aulus Vettius Restitutus. House of the Vettii The Romans use mosaics to decorate wealthy houses and public buildings. Each mosaic used thousands of tesserae (small pieces of tile or stone) to create a picture or pattern. Mosaic Another popular way of decorating rooms was with wall paintings (frescoes). This one, in the Casa del Menandro (House of Menander) shows a hunting party. Can you see the dogs and the man with a bow and arrow? Paintings in Casa del Menandro Myths and legends were a common source of inspiration for Roman artists. This painting depicts Narcissus who was so beautiful that he fell in love with his own reflection. Painting of Narcissus Archaeologists at Pompeii have found so many artefacts, it is not possible to have them all on display at once. -
Map 44 Latium-Campania Compiled by N
Map 44 Latium-Campania Compiled by N. Purcell, 1997 Introduction The landscape of central Italy has not been intrinsically stable. The steep slopes of the mountains have been deforested–several times in many cases–with consequent erosion; frane or avalanches remove large tracts of regolith, and doubly obliterate the archaeological record. In the valley-bottoms active streams have deposited and eroded successive layers of fill, sealing and destroying the evidence of settlement in many relatively favored niches. The more extensive lowlands have also seen substantial depositions of alluvial and colluvial material; the coasts have been exposed to erosion, aggradation and occasional tectonic deformation, or–spectacularly in the Bay of Naples– alternating collapse and re-elevation (“bradyseism”) at a staggeringly rapid pace. Earthquakes everywhere have accelerated the rate of change; vulcanicity in Campania has several times transformed substantial tracts of landscape beyond recognition–and reconstruction (thus no attempt is made here to re-create the contours of any of the sometimes very different forerunners of today’s Mt. Vesuvius). To this instability must be added the effect of intensive and continuous intervention by humanity. Episodes of depopulation in the Italian peninsula have arguably been neither prolonged nor pronounced within the timespan of the map and beyond. Even so, over the centuries the settlement pattern has been more than usually mutable, which has tended to obscure or damage the archaeological record. More archaeological evidence has emerged as modern urbanization spreads; but even more has been destroyed. What is available to the historical cartographer varies in quality from area to area in surprising ways. -
Recent Work on the Stone at the Villa Arianna and the Villa San Marco (Castellammare Di Stabia) and Their Context Within the Vesuvian Area
Recent Work on the Stone at the Villa Arianna and the Villa San Marco (Castellammare di Stabia) and Their Context within the Vesuvian Area Barker, Simon J.; Fant, J. Clayton Source / Izvornik: ASMOSIA XI, Interdisciplinary Studies on Ancient Stone, Proceedings of the XI International Conference of ASMOSIA, 2018, 65 - 78 Conference paper / Rad u zborniku Publication status / Verzija rada: Published version / Objavljena verzija rada (izdavačev PDF) https://doi.org/10.31534/XI.asmosia.2015/01.04 Permanent link / Trajna poveznica: https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:123:583276 Rights / Prava: In copyright Download date / Datum preuzimanja: 2021-10-05 Repository / Repozitorij: FCEAG Repository - Repository of the Faculty of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Geodesy, University of Split ASMOSIA PROCEEDINGS: ASMOSIA I, N. HERZ, M. WAELKENS (eds.): Classical Marble: Geochemistry, Technology, Trade, Dordrecht/Boston/London,1988. e n ASMOSIA II, M. WAELKENS, N. HERZ, L. MOENS (eds.): o t Ancient Stones: Quarrying, Trade and Provenance – S Interdisciplinary Studies on Stones and Stone Technology in t Europe and Near East from the Prehistoric to the Early n Christian Period, Leuven 1992. e i ASMOSIA III, Y. MANIATIS, N. HERZ, Y. BASIAKOS (eds.): c The Study of Marble and Other Stones Used in Antiquity, n London 1995. A ASMOSIA IV, M. SCHVOERER (ed.): Archéomatéiaux – n Marbres et Autres Roches. Actes de la IVème Conférence o Internationale de l’Association pour l’Étude des Marbres et s Autres Roches Utilisés dans le Passé, Bordeaux-Talence 1999. e i d ASMOSIA V, J. HERRMANN, N. HERZ, R. NEWMAN (eds.): u ASMOSIA 5, Interdisciplinary Studies on Ancient Stone – t Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference of the S Association for the Study of Marble and Other Stones in y Antiquity, Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, June 1998, London r 2002. -
Travel Through the History of Mount Vesuvius
Travel Through the History of Mount Vesuvius Mount Vesuvius is one of the most well-known active volcanoes on the planet, and by far the most famous in Europe. It is about 30 thousand years old, but its most famous eruption impacted human history forever at Pompeii. Since then, it has been grumbling in Italy near Naples for about two thousand years. The results of the famous eruption froze an entire city, a beautiful time-capsule of an early Roman society, has encouraged travel to tourists and historians from all over the globe. Mount Vesuvius Despite its age, Vesuvius is still regarded as an active volcano. It is intensely monitored for activity, as about 3 million people live within range of its eruptions. Volcanoes are created due to irregularities in heat from the earth's mantle. Melting and cracking ensues and bubbles up from the surface. Vesuvius is classified as a stratovolcano, also known as a composite cone, similar to other famous volcanoes such as Mount Fuji in Japan and Mount Saint Helens in the United States. Statovolcanoes are dangerous due to their highly variable content, and eruptive style. Plinian eruptions, which Mount Vesuvius has produced, result in plumes of ash ascending up into the stratosphere, high above the earth's surface. Mount Vesuvius can produce both eruptions of ash and pyroclastic flows, making it unique. Even though all of this can be dangerous to humans, volcanoes like Vesuvius are important in the lifecycles of rocks on Earth. • Mount Vesuvius Image from Space • How Volcanoes Work � Stratovolcanoes • Volcanic Landforms and Plate Tectonics • Teacher and Lesson Resources for Vesuvius Pompeii On August 24, 79 CE., an individual nicknamed Pliny the Younger, or Caius Plinius, witnessed the horrible eruption that swept through Pompeii and Herculaneum in a letter to Cornelius Tacitus. -
Herculaneum Archaeology
I In this edition: Ercolano Meeting, June 2010 - report by Robert Fowler, Trustee Herculaneum: an Ancient Town in the Bay of Naples - Christopher Smith, Director of the British School in Rome Pompeii and the Roman Villa: Art and Culture around the Bay of Naples. Report on the exhibition by Carol Mattusch House of the Relief of Telephus, Herculaneum herculaneum archaeology herculaneum Society - Issue 12 Summer 2010 of the Friends Herculaneum the newsletter Suburban Baths, not normally open to the public, and a peak inside the Bourbon tunnels in the Basilica—this was The Third Herculaneum a particular treat, as one could see some quite breathtaking original frescoes in situ, untouched by any restoration. The Conference narrow space could accommodate only three or four tightly Robert Fowler squeezed people at a time. 2. 3. 4. The Suburban Baths 1. The Gardens of the Miglio d’Oro The Friends met 11–13 June for their third gathering in Campania since 2006, in what is now an established biennial tradition. For repeat attenders it felt like a reunion, while at the same time it was gratifying to welcome a good number of newcomers. For the first two meetings we resided in Naples (hence the First and Second ‘Naples’ Congresses), but for this one we moved out to Ercolano itself, a prospect made enticing by the opening of the four-star Miglio D’Oro hotel, a spectacular, done-over 18th-century villa which made up in atmosphere—especially the garden—what it (so far) lacks in abundance of staff (in some areas). The experiment was judged successful both for its convenience and for the benefit we were able to deliver to the local economy, not just the Miglio D’Oro but to B&Bs and local businesses. -
Structure of the Mount Vesuvius Volcano from Geophysical Exploration
International Workshop on High Energy Earth Science: Muon and Neutrino Radiography (June 26-27, 2008, Tokyo, JAPAN) Structure of the Mount Vesuvius volcano from geophysical exploration M. Vassallo1,2; A. Zollo1; G. Festa1; C. Satriano2; L. D’Auria3; P. Gasparini1,2 and P. Strolin1 1 Dip. Scienze Fisiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Italy 2 AMRA S.c.a.r.l., Napoli, Italy 3 Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Osservatorio Vesuviano, Napoli, Italy Mt. Vesuvius is a strato volcano near a densely populated area and only a few km southeast of Campi Flegrei, the active calderas on which the city of Napoli has been built. It is composed of a volcanic cone (Gran Cono) that was built within a summit caldera (Mount Somma). The Somma-Vesuvius complex has formed over the last 25,000 years by means of a sequence of eruptions of variable explosiveness, ranging from the quiet lava outpourings that characterized much of the latest activity (for example, from 1881 to 1899 and from 1926 to 1930) to the explosive Plinian eruptions, including the one that destroyed Pompeii and killed thousands of people in 79 A.D. It experienced at least three violent explosive eruptions in historical times (79, 472, and 1631 A.D.). More frequent, less explosive eruptions have occurred from 1631 to 1944. Mt. Vesuvius is presently in a quiescent state, characterized by low-temperature fumaroles (less than 100°C) and moderate seismic activity (about 100 earthquakes per year with magnitudes between 0.5 and 3.6), and it is difficult to predict when it may erupt explosively again. -
The Monumental Villa at Palazzi Di Casignana and the Roman Elite in Calabria (Italy) During the Fourth Century AD
The Monumental Villa at Palazzi di Casignana and the Roman Elite in Calabria (Italy) during the Fourth Century AD. by Maria Gabriella Bruni A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the Requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Classical Archaeology in the GRADUATE DIVISION of the UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Committee in Charge Professor Christopher H. Hallett, Chair Professor Ronald S. Stroud Professor Anthony W. Bulloch Professor Carlos F. Noreña Fall 2009 The Monumental Villa at Palazzi di Casignana and the Roman Elite in Calabria (Italy) during the Fourth Century AD. Copyright 2009 Maria Gabriella Bruni Dedication To my parents, Ken and my children. i AKNOWLEDGMENTS I am extremely grateful to my advisor Professor Christopher H. Hallett and to the other members of my dissertation committee. Their excellent guidance and encouragement during the major developments of this dissertation, and the whole course of my graduate studies, were crucial and precious. I am also thankful to the Superintendence of the Archaeological Treasures of Reggio Calabria for granting me access to the site of the Villa at Palazzi di Casignana and its archaeological archives. A heartfelt thank you to the Superintendent of Locri Claudio Sabbione and to Eleonora Grillo who have introduced me to the villa and guided me through its marvelous structures. Lastly, I would like to express my deepest gratitude to my husband Ken, my sister Sonia, Michael Maldonado, my children, my family and friends. Their love and support were essential during my graduate -
Pompeii and Herculaneum: a Sourcebook Allows Readers to Form a Richer and More Diverse Picture of Urban Life on the Bay of Naples
POMPEII AND HERCULANEUM The original edition of Pompeii: A Sourcebook was a crucial resource for students of the site. Now updated to include material from Herculaneum, the neighbouring town also buried in the eruption of Vesuvius, Pompeii and Herculaneum: A Sourcebook allows readers to form a richer and more diverse picture of urban life on the Bay of Naples. Focusing upon inscriptions and ancient texts, it translates and sets into context a representative sample of the huge range of source material uncovered in these towns. From the labels on wine jars to scribbled insults, and from advertisements for gladiatorial contests to love poetry, the individual chapters explore the early history of Pompeii and Herculaneum, their destruction, leisure pursuits, politics, commerce, religion, the family and society. Information about Pompeii and Herculaneum from authors based in Rome is included, but the great majority of sources come from the cities themselves, written by their ordinary inhabitants – men and women, citizens and slaves. Incorporating the latest research and finds from the two cities and enhanced with more photographs, maps and plans, Pompeii and Herculaneum: A Sourcebook offers an invaluable resource for anyone studying or visiting the sites. Alison E. Cooley is Reader in Classics and Ancient History at the University of Warwick. Her recent publications include Pompeii. An Archaeological Site History (2003), a translation, edition and commentary of the Res Gestae Divi Augusti (2009), and The Cambridge Manual of Latin Epigraphy (2012). M.G.L. Cooley teaches Classics and is Head of Scholars at Warwick School. He is Chairman and General Editor of the LACTOR sourcebooks, and has edited three volumes in the series: The Age of Augustus (2003), Cicero’s Consulship Campaign (2009) and Tiberius to Nero (2011). -
Mount Etna Kilauea
Mount Etna Location: Sicily, Italy Height: 3,329 m (10,922 ft) Formed: 500,000 years ago Status: Active Mount Etna is the tallest active volcano in Europe, and the 59th tallest volcano in the world. It is also one of the most active volcanoes in the world, in an almost constant state of volcanic activity. This is due to the fact that it sits on top of the convergent boundary between the Eurasian and African tectonic plates. Throughout its history the eruptions of Mt. Etna have alternated between explosive, violent eruptions and flowing, gentle eruptions. There have been several major eruptions of Mt. Etna, leading to the formation of calderas on the summit of the mountain. Between 35,000 and 15,000 years ago, Mt. Etna released large pyroclastic flows, some of which traveled as far as 800 km from the volcano. In the last 100 years, there have been several major eruptions. These occurred in 1928, 1949, 1971, 1981, 1983, 1991, 1993, every year from 2001-2005, every year from 2007-2009, 2011, 2012, 2014, and most recently on December 3, 2015. Although Etna’s eruptions have been known to be violent and destructive, it has only claimed 77 lives in recorded history, and most of the damage it causes is to property and structures. In fact, most citizens that live near Mt. Etna consider it be a blessing, as its volcanic soils are rich and good for farming. Mt. Etna is closely monitored and is one of the most popular tourist destinations in Italy. Kilauea Location: Hawaii, U.S.