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United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 8.263,361 B2 Kosmeder Et Al

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United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 8.263,361 B2 Kosmeder Et Al US008263361 B2 (12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 8.263,361 B2 KOSmeder et al. (45) Date of Patent: Sep. 11, 2012 (54) STABILIZED HEMATOXYLIN 5,679,573 A 10/1997 Williams et al. 5,772,699 A 6/1998 Boyer (75) Inventors: Jerome W. Kosmeder, Tucson, AZ 33 A 3. Retrict al. (US); Christopher Bieniarz, Tucson, 6,764,540 B2 7/2004 Taguchi AZ (US); Penny Towne, Tucson, AZ 7,760,614 B2 * 7/2010 Peters et al. ............... 369,2751 S. Linda Willoughby Kivi, Marana, 2003/01638797.915,432 A1B2 * 9,3/2011 2003 BrennanFoster ........................... et al. 549,383 (U ) 2004.0002163 A1 1/2004 Reinhardt et al. 2005, 01861.14 A1 8, 2005 Reinhardt et al. (73) Assignee: Ventana Medical Systems, Inc., Tucson, 2008/O1398.27 A1 6/2008 Foster AZ (US) FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS (*) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this E. g 3. A. 2.99 patent is extended or adjusted under 35 EP 1331 252 A2 T 2003 U.S.C. 154(b) by 1216 days. JP 5905 1279 3, 1984 JP O2-205773 A 8, 1990 (21) Appl. No.: 12/048,749 JP O4202119 7, 1992 JP 05-130890 A 5, 1993 (22) Filed: Mar 14, 2008 JP 08-301298. A 11, 1996 JP 03-072414 A 3, 1997 O O JP 2000-187033. A T 2000 (65) Prior Publication Data JP 2004-359783. A 12, 2004 JP 2005-060293. A 3, 2005 US 2008/O227143A1 Sep. 18, 2008 WO WO91,05605 5, 1991 O O WO WO 2004/032862 A2 4/2004 Related U.S. Application Data WO 2005/034937 A1 4/2005 (60) Provisional application No. 60/895,007, filed on Mar. wo WO 2006 006969 A1 1, 2006 15, 2007. * cited by examiner (51) Int. Cl. PrimaryFIFOF EXOFilterExaminer — HopeOO1SO Robi GOIN L/30 (2006.01) (74) Attorney, Agent, Or Firm – Ventana Medical Systems, (52) U.S. Cl. .................................... 435/4052.435/405 ". (58) Field t Citate Seash - - - - - - - - - -hhi - - - - - - - - None (57) ABSTRACT ee appl1cauont Ille Ior completet searcn n1StorytOrV. A stabilized hematoxylin composition is disclosed that (56) References Cited 1Includesinclud One Orbothboth ofOf aha hOSt COmpoundpound and an ant1OX1Clant.ioxid The disclosed composition exhibits sufficient stability to be U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS utilized in an automated Staining process without undue deg radation prior to use of the composition to stain a biological 4,502,864 A 3, 1985 Cleverdon 4,816,244. A 3, 1989 Starkweather sample. Methods of using and making the stabilized compo 4,837,331 A 6, 1989 Yamanishi et al. sition also are disclosed. 5,108,505 A 4, 1992 Moffatt 5,296,472 A * 3/1994 Sanchez et al. ................. 514/58 33 Claims, 3 Drawing Sheets U.S. Patent Sep. 11, 2012 Sheet 1 of 3 US 8,263,361 B2 Bake Under Radiant Heater 140°C for 4Minutes Move to De-paraffinizer/Stainer/ Solvent Exchanger De-paraffinize with Limonene Alcohol Rinse Slide Prep/Water Dispense Hematoxylin/Subsequent Bluing Slide Prep/Waterl50% alcohol Dispense Eosin Differentiation with 50%. Alcohol Dehydration with 100% Alcohol Move to Convection Owen Heat at 45°C for 5.5 Minutes Move to Coverslipper Dispense 20% Lipid Compound in Limonene/Add Coverslip Move to Convection Owen Cure at 70°C for 5.5 Minutes FIG. 1 U.S. Patent Sep. 11, 2012 Sheet 3 of 3 US 8,263,361 B2 No precipitates observed ... Hue shift, particles in corners of bag O Precipitates throughout bag 2.5 mM Sodium iodate 30 mM Aluminum Sulfate (18-H2O) 80 mM Hydroquinone 23% Ethylene25% Propylene Glycol Glycol 80s. 2 : . US 8,263,361 B2 1. 2 STABILIZED HEMATOXYLN SUMMARY RELATED APPLICATION DATA In one aspect, a stabilized hematoxylin composition is disclosed. In one embodiment, the composition includes: a This claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Applica- 5 Solvent; hematoxylin; an amount of a chemical oxidant Suf tion No. 60/895,007, filed Mar. 15, 2007, which application is ficient to convert at least a portion of the hematoxylin to incorporated by reference herein. hematein; a mordant; and either or both of a host compound and an antioxidant. In a particular embodiment, a disclosed FIELD hematoxylin Solution includes hematoxylin, water, a polyol. 10 an amount of an oxidant sufficient to convert at least a portion The present invention relates to a composition and method of the hematoxylinto hematein, a mordant, and either or both for histochemical staining of biological samples. More par of an antioxidant and a host compound. ticularly, the present invention relates to a dye formulation In another aspect, a method is disclosed for histochemical that is stabilized against degradation over time, and use of the staining of a biological sample. The method includes contact formulation to stain biological- samples. 15 ing the biological sample with a disclosed hematoxylin com position, and can further include contacting the sample with BACKGROUND one or more additional staining compositions, such as one or more counter-stains. In a particular embodiment, the method Several histochemical staining protocols, including Hema further includes contacting the sample with an eosin compo toxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining and Papanicolaou (PAP) sition. In another particular embodiment, the method is auto staining, rely on the dye hematoxylinto stain cytological and mated. Also disclosed is a method for making a stabilized hema tissue samples. In particular, hematoxylin staining of cell toxylin composition that can be used for histochemical stain nuclei is used by pathologists to detect the presence of malig ing of a biological sample. In one embodiment, the method nant and/or metastatic cells in a tumor biopsy sample. 25 includes forming a hematein solution, adding a mordant to the Hematoxylin is a naturally-occurring compound found in hematein Solution to form a staining Solution, and adding the red heartwood of trees of the genus Hematoxylon. Hema either or both of a host compound and an antioxidant to the toxylin itself is colorless in aqueous solution and is not the staining solution to form the stabilized hematoxylin compo active ingredient that stains tissue components. Rather, an sition. The hematein solution can be formed by dissolving oxidation product of hematoxylin, hematein, becomes the 30 hematein directly in a solvent, by dissolving hematoxylin in a active staining component of a hematoxylin dye solution, Solvent and then adding a chemical oxidant to convert at least particularly upon complexation with a mordant. Hematein is a portion of the hematoxylin into hematein, or by a combina produced naturally through exposure to air and Sunlight. The tion of dissolution of hematein and conversion of hematoxy natural process is termed "ripening.” and can take 3 or more lin to hematein. months to provide a solution Suitable for staining cells. 35 In order to accelerate the conversion of hematoxylin to BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS hematein, a chemical oxidant can be utilized. Unfortunately, the accelerated process often produces ineffective reaction FIG. 1 is a block diagram outlining an automated H&E products Such as oxyhematein and complex polymeric pre staining protocol into which the disclosed hematoxylin com cipitates, and also provides a solution that degrades faster 40 position can be incorporated. than a naturally ripened dye Solution. The exact amount of FIG. 2 is diagram showing stability results for several oxidant needed to quantitatively oxidize hematoxylin to embodiments of the disclosed hematoxylin composition. hematein can be used to help avoid over-oxidation to ineffec FIG. 3 is another diagram showing stability results for tive products, but a partially-oxidized solution is more typi several embodiments of the disclosed hematoxylin composi cally utilized when staining is not performed immediately. In 45 tion. a partially-oxidized solution, natural oxidation of the hema toxylin that is remaining after a chemical oxidation step will DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF SEVERAL continue to replace any hematein that is either consumed ILLUSTRATIVE EMBODIMENTS during staining or is naturally oxidized further to ineffective products. Still, the concentration (and amount) of hematein 50 The following description of several embodiments can change over time. describes non-limiting examples that further illustrate the Since hematein is the active staining component of a hema invention. All titles of sections contained herein, including toxylin Solution, changes in its concentration (and/or the con those appearing above, are not to be construed as limitations centration of its mordant complexes) over time leads to stain on the invention, but rather are provided to structure the ing inconsistencies. In a manual staining procedure, changes 55 illustrative description of the invention that is provided by the in hematein content of a hematoxylin Solution can be com specification. In order to aid the reader in understanding the pensated for by altering the contact time of a biological various illustrated embodiments, explanations of particular sample with the solution based on visual inspection. For terms utilized in the description are provided, after which an example, an apparently under-stained sample can simply be overview of particular embodiments of the invention and placed back into the hematoxylin solution for a period of time 60 specific examples are provided. to increase the staining intensity. In an automated Staining I. Terms procedure, however, “visual inspection and extension of the Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms exposure time in response to under-staining can require costly used herein have the same meanings as commonly under imaging equipment and can disrupt processing of other stood by one skilled in the art to which the disclosed invention samples. Therefore, a need exists for a hematoxylin Solution 65 pertains. wherein the concentration of hematein available for staining The singular forms “a,” “an and “the include plural is better stabilized over time. referents unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
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