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Disaster Management Plan - 2017 Disaster Management Plan - 2017 DISTRICT RAMBAN Page-01 1. INTRODUCTION:- CIVIL DEFENCE:- “Civil Defence” includes any measures, not amounting to actual combat, for affording protection to any person, property, place or thing in India or any part of the territory there of against any hostile attack, whether from air, land, sea or any other places, or, for depriving any such attack of the whole or part of its effect, whether such measures are taken before, during, at or after the time of such attack or any measure taken for the purpose of disaster management, before, during, at, or after any disaster. CIVIL DEFENCE IN INDIA :- The Civil Defence programme in India relies on the individual and the locality, doing that which is necessary to increase the chances of survival to minimise damage and to recover quickly. Civil Defence measures are designed to deal with immediate emergency conditions, protect the public and restore vital services and facilities that have been destroyed or damaged by disaster. MAJOR TASKS OF CIVIL DEFENSE:- To make sure that the public is warned of danger and provided with instructions on how to avoid hazards. Advice people to protect themselves by either evacuating the area or remain and take shelter. Organizing immediate relief to the survivors. Support emergency services Rescue Operations Firefighting Law Enforcement Medical Care Public Works repair Provision of voluntary Food, Shelter and Clothing. Assist in Recovery Operations Clearance of debris Restoring utility services Page-02 2. BRIEF OVERVIEW OF THE DISTRICT. Location and Administrative Boundaries of the District:- Ramban district is one of 22 districts in the state of Jammu and Kashmir, India. Ramban is located in the lap of Pir Panjal range of the mighty Himalayas. It was carved-out out of erstwhile Doda District keeping in view the backwardness, remoteness and aspiration of people of the area. District Ramban started functioning as independent unit on April 1, 2007. Ramban town is the Distt. Headquarters. The town is located midway between Jammu and Srinagar along the Chenab river, on National Highway-44 approximately 150 kms from Jammu and Srinagar has a unique geography the boundary lines of Ramban District encompass hill station Patnitop as its southernmost point, Assar on its eastern edge, Gool is to the west, and Banihal to the north with mountainous terrains with about 90% of its population living in village situated in far-flung and inaccessible areas. It has three sub divisions i.e. Ramsu, Banihal, and Gool, and eleven developmental blocks i.e. Ramban, Batote, Rajgarh, Gool, Sangaldan, Dharam Gundi, Gandhri, Ramsu, Ukhral, Banihal and Khari. The entire Ramban district is part of the Doda, Udhampur, and Kathua Parliamentary constituency. Natural calamities, like cloud bursts, flash floods, heavy rains, earthquake, snowfall, hail storms, drought and accidents etc. cause a lot of misery to the people. The district has often been victim to natural calamities causing severe damage to life and property. Ramban at a Glance Total Area (sq. km) 1329 Square Kilometers Altitude (height from MSL in mts) 1156 Total Assembly Constituency- 1 Doda, Udhampur, and Kathua Parliamentary constituency. Climate Alpine, Cold temperate and Warm temperature Major River = Chenab Population (2011 census) Total = 271902 Males = 142317 Females = 129585 Administrative Units:- Sub Divisions = 03, Banihal, Ramsu, Gool. Tehsils = 07, Batote, Rajgarh, Ramban, Ukhral, Khari, Banihal and Gool. Blocks = 11, Ramban, Batote, Rajgarh, Gool, Sangaldan, Dharam gundi, Gandhri,Ramsu, Ukhral, Banihal and Khari. Page-03 Total Villages = 116 Literacy (2011 Census) Total = 124065 Male = 82938 Female = 41127 Panchyati Raj Total Panchayats = 124 Agriculture Total Agricultural Land (Hect.) 21886 Irrigated Area (Hect.) 15366 Forest Total Forest area (in sq. kms) 641.71 Education Anganwaris =778 Primary Schools = 526 Middle Schools = 296 High/ Higher Secondary Schools = 79 Govt. Degree Colleges = 03 Ramban, Banihal and Gool Govt. I.T.I.’s = 03, Ramban, Banihal and Gool Health Infrastructure C.H.C. = 03 P.H.C. = 08 Hospitals = 02 3. HAZARD, RISK, VULNERABILITY & CAPACITY ANALYSIS Multi Hazard Zones in Ramban:- VARIOUS TYPES OF DISASTERS Earthquakes:- Earthquakes, quite devastating and sudden in nature, are one of the most Common types of disasters that hit the state of J&K. Lying in the sensitive Himalayan belt, at the juncture of two active tectonic plates, the region is prone to severe seismic activity. The district of Ramban falls in the highest seismic zone i.e. Zone V and is prone to disastrous earthquakes. The movement of large blocks along the thrust planes resulting in the release of stored energy is the basic cause of earthquakes in this region. Page-04 Flash Floods and Cloud Bursts:- Flash floods, short lived extreme events, which usually occur under slowly moving or stationary thunderstorms, lasting less than 24 hours, are a common disaster in the Ramban district. As identified by the Area Commandant Home Guards, Ramban, the flood areas are Batote, Nashri, Battery Chasma, Khooni Nallaha, Panthyal, Ramsu, Dharam Gool area respectively & the cloudburst areas are Patnitop, Batote, Banihal , Gool, Dharam. As a result of the high velocity of the current which can wash away all obstacles in its way, this phenomenon has resulted in enormous loss of life and property in various parts of the region. Glacial melting due to global warming is another major cause of flash floods as the major glaciers in the higher hill tops are receding at an alarming rate due to anthropogenic activities. Heavy rains and floods cause damages to cultivated land of the farmers and wash away the bridges, human beings and cattle heads. Landslides:- Landslides are simply defined as the mass movement of rock, debris or earth down a slope and have come to include a broad range of motions whereby falling, sliding and flowing under the influence of gravity dislodges earth material. They often take place in conjunction with earthquakes, floods and volcanoes. At times, prolonged rainfall causing heavy block the flow of river for quite some time. The formation of river blocks can cause havoc to the settlements downstream on its bursting. In the hilly terrain of India including the Himalayas, landslides have been a major and widely spread natural disaster and often strike life and property and occupy a position of major concern. As identified by the Area Commandant Home Guards, Ramban, the landslide areas of Ramban are Btote, Nashri, Peerah,Mehar, seri, Battery Chashma, Digdol, Khooni Nallah, Dharam, Ramsoo, Panthyal Khari and all hilly areas road side. The fragile nature of the rocks forming the mountains, along with the climatic condition and various anthropogenic activities has made the state vulnerable to the vagaries of nature. Landslides are one the geological hazards that are very common to this region. Landslides are the downslide movement of soil, debris or rocks, resulting from natural cause, vibrations, overburden of rock material, removal of lateral supports, and change in the water content of rock or soil bodies, blocked drainages etc. The mass movement varies in magnitude from soil creep to landslides. Solifluction (form of creep in which snow or water saturated rocks move down slope) is another type of mass movement that is common on the higher snow covered ranges. Avalanches:- Snow cover on a slope tends to slide down the slope because of gravity. Conditions affecting stability include the gravitational force component of the snow and resisting forces, such as the frictional resistance of the slope or the anchoring effect of shrubs. In general, avalanches are Page-05 caused when this balance is lost and when the forces exceed the resistance. Avalanches are rarely observed closely since they normally occur during a short time period of one or two minutes. Major Causes – Major causes of avalanches can be classified into fixed (prime factors) and variable factors (exciting factors), such as weather conditions and the weight of the snow cover, Avalanches occur when these factors are combined. The types and scale of avalanches can differ depending on the combination of these various factors and their scale. Avalanches, river-like flow of snow or ice descending from mountain tops are common in the high ranges of the Himalayas. They are common in elevations of more that 3500m on slopes of 30-45°. Convex slope covered with grass are more prone to avalanches. Avalanches also cause great damage to life and property. The villages at high altitudes and army and par a-military camps are frequently hit by this form of natural calamity.In Ramban avalanches are specific to Jawahar Tunnel,Banihal and Gool areas during extreme snowfall in winters. Types of Damage The following lists typical examples of damage to roads caused by avalanches. The scale of damage can differ depending on the scale and type of avalanche. Traffic blocked by snow deposited on road surface. Roads damaged by avalanches. Road structures, such as retaining walls, overturned. Structures damaged by an avalanche during construction of roads occur most frequently. Forest Fires:- The most common hazard in forests is forests fire. Forests fires are as old as the forests themselves. They pose a threat not only to the forest wealth but also to the entire regime to fauna and flora seriously disturbing the bio-diversity and the ecology and environment of a region. During summer, when there is no rain for months, the forests become littered with dry senescent leaves and twinges, which could burst into flames ignited by the slightest spark. The Himalayan forests, particularly, Garhwal Himalayas have been burning regularly during the last few summers, with colossal loss of vegetation cover of that region. Due to the climatic conditions of the state, the houses are constructed with local material and the villages are inhabited in cluster, resulting in huge losses in the event of fire mishaps.
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