serif font counter ascender ear crotch beak

descender Typographyspur loop “If they already call me a villain, 32 pt cochin 32 pt birch std 32 pt ayuthaya 32 pt impact

what will they call me when I succeed?” 32 pt futura 32 pt american typewriter 32 pt herculanum 32 pt kefa KERNING Kerning is an adjustment of the space between two letters. The characters of the Latin alphabet emerged over time; they were never designed with mechanical or automated spacing in mind. Thus some letter combinations look awkward without special spacing considerations. SHATTER SHATTER TRACKING Adjusting the overall spacing of a group of letters is called tracking or letterspacing.

Tracking - 0 Tracking - 40 Tracking - 100 Tracking - -25

Adjusting the overall spacing of a Adjusting the overall spacing Adjusting the overall Adjusting the overall spacing of a group group of letters is called tracking of a group of letters is called spacing of a group of of letters is called tracking or letterspac- or letterspacing. By expanding the tracking or letterspacing. By letters is called tracking or ing. By expanding the tracking across tracking across a word, line, or expanding the tracking across letterspacing. By expanding a word, line, or entire block of text, the entire block of text, the designer a word, line, or entire block of the tracking across a word, designer can create a more airy, open can create a more airy, open field. text, the designer can create a line, or entire block of text, field. In blocks of text, tracking is usual- In blocks of text, tracking is usually more airy, open field. In blocks the designer can create a ly applied in small increments, creating applied in small increments, creat- of text, tracking is usually more airy, open field. In a subtle effect not noticeable to the ing a subtle effect not noticeable to applied in small increments, blocks of text, tracking is casual reader. Occasionally, a single the casual reader. Occasionally, a creating a subtle effect not usually applied in small in- word or phrase is tracked for emphasis, single word or phrase is tracked for noticeable to the casual reader. crements, creating a subtle especially when CAPS or small caps are emphasis, especially when CAPS or Occasionally, a single word or effect not noticeable to the used within a line. Negative tracking, small caps are used within a line. phrase is tracked for empha- casual reader. Occasionally, rarely desirable in text sizes, can be Negative tracking, rarely desirable sis, especially when CAPS or a single word or phrase is used sparingly to help bring up a short in text sizes, can be used sparingly small caps are used within a tracked for emphasis, espe- line of text. White type on a black to help bring up a short line of text. line. Negative tracking, rarely cially when CAPS or small background is considered more legible White type on a black background desirable in text sizes, can be caps are used within a line. when it is tracked. is considered more legible when it used sparingly to help bring Negative tracking, rarely is tracked. up a short line of text. White desirable in text sizes, can type on a black background is be used sparingly to help considered more legible when it bring up a short line of is tracked. text. White type on a black background is considered ALIGNMENT Choosing to align text in justified, centered, or ragged columns is a fundamental typographic act. Each mode of alignment carries unique formal qualities, cultural associations, and aesthetic risks.

Align Left Align Right Align Centered Align Justified

Adjusting the overall spacing of a Adjusting the overall spacing of a Adjusting the overall spacing of a Adjusting the overall spacing of a group of letters is called tracking group of letters is called tracking group of letters is called tracking group of letters is called tracking or letterspacing. By expanding the or letterspacing. By expanding the or letterspacing. By expanding the or letterspacing. By expanding the tracking across a word, line, or tracking across a word, line, or tracking across a word, line, or tracking across a word, line, or entire entire block of text, the designer entire block of text, the designer entire block of text, the designer block of text, the designer can create can create a more airy, open field. can create a more airy, open field. can create a more airy, open field. a more airy, open field. In blocks of In blocks of text, tracking is usually In blocks of text, tracking is usually In blocks of text, tracking is usually text, tracking is usually applied in applied in small increments, creat- applied in small increments, creat- applied in small increments, creat- small increments, creating a subtle ing a subtle effect not noticeable to ing a subtle effect not noticeable to ing a subtle effect not noticeable to effect not noticeable to the casual the casual reader. Occasionally, a the casual reader. Occasionally, a the casual reader. Occasionally, a reader. Occasionally, a single word single word or phrase is tracked for single word or phrase is tracked for single word or phrase is tracked for or phrase is tracked for emphasis, es- emphasis, especially when CAPS or emphasis, especially when CAPS or emphasis, especially when CAPS or pecially when CAPS or small caps are small caps are used within a line. small caps are used within a line. small caps are used within a line. used within a line. Negative tracking, Negative tracking, rarely desirable Negative tracking, rarely desirable Negative tracking, rarely desirable rarely desirable in text sizes, can be in text sizes, can be used sparingly in text sizes, can be used sparingly in text sizes, can be used sparingly used sparingly to help bring up a to help bring up a short line of text. to help bring up a short line of text. to help bring up a short line of text. short line of text. White type on a White type on a black background White type on a black background White type on a black background black background is considered more is considered more legible when it is considered more legible when it is considered more legible when it legible when it is tracked. is tracked. is tracked. is tracked. LEADING/LINE SPACING

10 x 12 10 x 10 10 x 14 10 x 18

The distance from the base- The distance from the base- The distance from the base- The distance from the base- line of one line of type to line of one line of type to line of one line of type to line of one line of type to another is called line spac- another is called line spac- ing. It is also called leading, another is called line spac- ing. It is also called leading, another is called line spac- in reference to the strips of ing. It is also called leading, in reference to the strips of lead used to separate lines ing. It is also called leading, lead used to separate lines of metal type. The default in reference to the strips of of metal type. The default setting in most layout and lead used to separate lines in reference to the strips of setting in most layout and imaging software is 120 of metal type. The default percent of the type size. Thus lead used to separate lines imaging software is 120 10-pt type is set with 12 pts setting in most layout and percent of the type size. Thus of line spacing. Designers imaging software is 120 of metal type. The default 10-pt type is set with 12 pts play with line spacing in percent of the type size. Thus setting in most layout and of line spacing. Designers order to create distinctive ty- play with line spacing in pographic arrangements. Re- 10-pt type is set with 12 pts imaging software is 120 ducing the standard distance order to create distinctive ty- of line spacing. Designers creates a denser typographic percent of the type size. Thus pographic arrangements. Re- color, while risking colli- play with line spacing in ducing the standard distance sions between ascenders and order to create distinctive ty- 10-pt type is set with 12 pts creates a denser typographic descenders. Expanding the pographic arrangements. Re- of line spacing. Designers color, while risking colli- line spacing creates a lighter, more open text block. As ducing the standard distance sions between ascenders and leading increases, lines of play with line spacing in descenders. Expanding the creates a denser typographic type become independent order to create distinctive ty- line spacing creates a lighter, graphic elements rather than color, while risking colli- more open text block. As parts of an overall visual sions between ascenders and pographic arrangements. Re- leading increases, lines of shape and texture. descenders. Expanding the ducing the standard distance type become independent line spacing creates a lighter, graphic elements rather than creates a denser typographic more open text block. As parts of an overall visual color, while risking colli- shape and texture. leading increases, lines of type become independent sions between ascenders and graphic elements rather than descenders. Expanding the parts of an overall visual shape and texture. line spacing creates a lighter, To ron To

PARAGRAPHS Paragraphs are a literary convention designed to divide masses of content into appetizing portions.

Paragraphs do not occur in nature. Whereas sentences Paragraphs do not occur in nature. Whereas sentences are grammatical units intrinsic to the spoken language, are grammatical units intrinsic to the spoken language, paragraphs are a literary convention designed to divide paragraphs are a literary convention designed to divide masses of content into appetizing portions. masses of content into appetizing portions. Indents have been common since the sev- enteenth century. Adding space between paragraphs Indents have been common since the seventeenth (paragraph spacing) is another standard device. century. Adding space between paragraphs (paragraph On the web, a paragraph is a semantic unit (the spacing) is another standard device.

tag in html) that is typically displayed on screen with space inserted after it. A typical indent is an em On the web, a paragraph is a semantic unit (the

space, or a quad, a fixed unit of space roughly the tag in html) that is typically displayed on screen with width of the letter’s cap height. An em is thus propor- space inserted after it. A typical indent is an em space, tional to the size of the type; if you change the point or a quad, a fixed unit of space roughly the width of the size or column width, the indents will remain appropri- letter’s cap height. An em is thus proportional to the ately scaled. size of the type; if you change the point size or column width, the indents will remain appropriately scaled. Alternatively, you can use the tab key to create an indent of any depth. A designer might use this tech- Alternatively, you can use the tab key to nique in order to align the indents with a vertical grid create an indent of any depth. A designer line or other page element. Avoid indenting the very might use this technique in order to align the first line of a body of text. An indent signals a break or indents with a vertical grid line or other page separation; there is no need to make a break when the element. Avoid indenting the very first line of text has just begun. Despite the ubiquity of indents a body of text. An indent signals a break or and paragraph spacing, designers have developed nu- separation; there is no need to make a break merous alternatives that allow them to shape content when the text has just begun. Despite the in distinctive ways. ubiquity of indents and paragraph spacing, designers have developed numerous alter- natives that allow them to shape content in distinctive ways.

The Department of Advertising Design and Graphic Arts proudly presents:

Student Exhibits

April 12 to end of the semester

Grace Hall Namm Hall 11th Floor New York City College of Technology Multicolumn Grid Coheed and Cambria[a] is and heavy metal. When an American progressive Carleo left the band in rock band from Nyack, August 1996, Kelley New York, formed in recruited Michael Todd to 1995. The band consists take his place. Todd, who of Claudio Sanchez (vo- was primarily a guitarist, cals, guitars, keyboards), picked up the bass specifi- Travis Stever (guitars, cally for Shabütie.[6][7] vocals), Josh Eppard As Shabütie, the band (drums, keyboards, wrote dozens of songs backing vocals), and Zach and released their first Cooper (bass, backing studio demo Plan to Take vocals).[1] The group’s Over the World in 1999. music incorporates as- The band also released pects of progressive rock, The Penelope EP in 1999, pop, heavy metal, and Wars concept following Stever on vocals and shortly after which Stever post-hardcore.[2] 2015’s The Color Before guitar, Sanchez on guitar, rejoined the band. the Sun, the band’s first Kelley on drums and Jon Most of Coheed and non-conceptual album Carleo on bass. The group Kelley left the band Cambria’s albums are since their inception. The was short-lived, breaking during a performance in concept albums based on Color Before the Sun, up by June 1995 after an late 1999. Josh Eppard a science fiction storyline The Afterman: Descen- argument over gas money. (then the drummer of his called The Amory Wars, a sion, Year of the Black [5] Stever left the band, brother Joey Eppard’s series written by Claudio Rainbow and Good and the resulting trio was band 3) replaced him.[6] Sanchez, which has been Apollo, I’m Burning Star named Shabütie,[6] a [7] The band went on to transcribed into a series IV, Volume One: From word taken from African release Delirium Trigger of comic books as well Fear Through The Eyes tribe chants that means in 2000, still featuring as a full-length novel.[3] of Madness all reached “naked prey” in the film Kelley on the drums, but The band has released the Billboard top 10.[4] The Naked Prey. listing Eppard in the liner nine studio albums, three In March 1995, after the notes.[8] live albums, and several split of Claudio Sanchez The band spent nearly a special-edition releases. and Travis Stever’s band year experimenting with Their most recent re- called Toxic Parents, they a multitude of different lease, Vaxis – Act I: The formed a band with Nate musical styles, including Unheavenly Creatures, Kelley called Beautiful punk rock, indie rock, is a return to The Amory Loser. The band featured acoustic rock, funk,