FABRICATING ISRAELI HISTORY the 'New Historians'

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

FABRICATING ISRAELI HISTORY the 'New Historians' FABRICATING ISRAELI HISTORY 'New The Historians' Karsh Efraim Professor of Studies Mediterranean the at of University London CASS FRANK CO. & LTD PORTLAND, LONDON OR The Collusion that 3 Never Was exist history The facts of do for historian not any till he them. creates CARL BECKER One myths of the propagated by central the 'new historio- graphy' explicit that 'in is 1947 reached agreement an was between the Hashernites and the Zionists the carving up on following Palestine of the of termination the mandate, British that and this laid the foundation for agreement mutual during restraint continuing for 1948 and collaboration in the aftermath According myth, of alleged war'. this the to agree- reached meeting in November ment 17 1947 secret was a on between Acting the Head the Agency's Jewish of Political Department, Golda King Meir, Abdullah and Transjordan, of 'consciously deliberately and and frustrate intended to was the will the of international community, through expressed as the Assembly, United Nations General favour of creating in independent Arab States Palestine'. of in 'The part an ground for objection the mutual agreement common was a a the Palestinian creation of state', myth. the 'The to runs Jewish Agency particular in abhorred possibility, such a asserting that the of Palestinian creation would state a ideological the conflict perpetuate Palestine'2 in forcefully by Most Shlaim's articulated Avi Collusion Across Shlaim, Collusion, 1. p. Shlaim, of Partition, 2 Politics The viii. p. PappG Making 3 The of Arab-Israeli Conflict, the 118. p. Fabricating History 70 Israeli The Collusion that Never Was 71 Jordan, myth the this predicated is single the which episode renders Shlaim's collusion hollow. thesis There on cannot approach, namely, the allegedly identification of half be critical there Either there agreement. is is The an an one or none. supposedly which has affected history the event of of in both personal the agreement, and the at essence course at an profound particular this in levels, collective understanding the of the is way binds that a all involved case n course a partids Israeli-Palestinian conflict, if of the Arab-Israeli form in conflict. by another not and considered is them one or as ostensibly dealing While such, 30-yearolong with the the if of record legal has agreement full received yet not even intermittent Transjordan's formalization. between Whether King formal explicit covert informal, contacts tacit, or or Abdullah the and Zionist Shlaim's always written unwritten, book binding effec- is movement, the agreement in or an tively focuses period short the makers; of minds between the otherwise its the would been have it reached to on not run-up 1947-49 place. the War first and specifically immediate its in aftermath. More clinching lea•g he alleged the of the But 'collusion' aside contradiction, this traces the careful Meir- examination to a Abdullah of the conversation. documents by Shlaim used substantiate two the very to abridged paperback published claim of'collusion' In by Eliyahu edition Danin Ezra reports and Sasson, two an years later, Shlaim alleged down watered officials Zionist the of the who attended the easily meeting Zionist- two will nature understanding Hashemite explicit that 'a reveal Meir's clear Abdullah's and if territorial ambitions to to not response neces- binding sarily bypassing far less the Palestinians committal agreement.., Shlaim than believe. lets and Moreover was on us peacefully dividing territory the Meir's of verbal the British mandate the conversation, which report Shlaim own on between bring fails themselves'. the also He despite removed pejorative his 'collu- book in his keen to of its awareness though from title, the sion' insisting book's (he existence alleged that the the of cites this which part does report not 'did involve address least agreement the of elements the November meeting), proves-beyond at 1947 some asso- a published ciated with collusion'.4 shadow article In of Shlaim 1995, doubt in that Palestine divided 17 not an was on alleged watered down the the of November deal still further 1947. nature to 'unwritten agreement', while praising least, 'a but Last it reasonable the Agency Jewish which with not Abdullah an as allegedly and realistic for both expressed he strategy sidesL struck Yet the deal the 'division of regret Palestine' on was changing paperback totally for the of title the edition. 'Collusion the of existence of is such for deal months unaware any good alleged after word describe the traffic its conclusion: between the did to authorize to'divide it Meir as any not a as king Hashemite during Palestine' Zionist and the period the King, with the Hashemite and did movement it not approve 'forgetting' 1921-51', stated, he postfactum. unequivocally such his thesis that fact, action Meir's In with any conversation alleged Abdullah traced the collusion the bythe Abdullah-Meir discussed meeting, Agency Jewish Executiv• to was never If and the Meir dear 'a explicit reached Hashemite-Zionist intermittent and necessarily binding if not to contacts not as a whole, King with bypassing Abdullah agreement the Palestinians on peacefully dividing and Needless the of territory notion that 'not the of the agreement is British to mandate say, an binding' necessarily between themselves contradiction which constitutes bypassed she '•- in did also she terms not- a her movement. own of Shlaim, The Partition, Politics 4 xdii, 99. pp. • Shlaira, Shlaim, 'The Debate', The of 296, 5 Partition, Politics 298-9. 99. pp. p. The Collusion that Never Was 87 that would state include both banks of the Jordan, with me head, its and at which in army the the the and economy, legislature joint'. be will Noticing the by evoked this suggestion, unease Abdullah that stressed the Hebrew Republic would be dominated by Transjordan not but simply would be of Transjordanian the part monarchy. He did not for but simply explained press that the an answer in of such republic being formed, event kingdom his a THE ABDULLAH-MEIR MEETING: could be expanded embrace Greater Syria to and THE DANIN-SASSON REPORTS Saudi Arabia. even established Having these Mrs. methodological Meir drew fact flaws attention two the Shlaim's that in to the Palestine thesis, let the question Zionist under two the of consideration meeting by the accounts used UN and that at her was Shlaim- the hoping side for of Ezra reports Eliyahu Danin and resolution Sasson- that speak would establish was a two for themselves. FirstDanin's states, Jewish and by Arab, report, narrated Shlaim: and they that one wished as one to speak king only the to about based agreement such an In the the of on ensuing a Abdullah conversation course resolution. Abdullah he said understood that and it invited his join visitors thinking him to in they aloud: would be desirable immediately again to meet after the had discussed partition the in he and past inter- was UN pronounced decision its in order discuss how to ested know what their to thinking current they was might light the in of co-operate that decision. 'Over thirty the past have and years you grown this At point Abdullah asked how the Jews would regard strengthened yourselves and achievements your are by attempt him capture the Arab to of an Palestine? part many" [he said]. "It impossible is ignore and to you, Mrs. replied Meir they that would view such attempt duty it is an compromise with to Between a the Arabs you. favourable in light, especially if he did interfere a not with and there quarrel. is The quarrel you between is no the establishment of their and avoided state clash between the Arabs a and the brought British who here; and you forces his and theirs and, secondly, if he could declare that between the and British kept who have their you not his sole maintain law to purpose and order until the was promises Now, I to convinced that the you. British am UN could establish that in government was Now it a leaving, area. and be will left face face. Any are clash to we king's the be turn startled to and he sharply: answered 'But between will be disadvantage. to the In us our own I this for myself, want in order it area to to annex my talked past about partition. I partition that we to agree kingdom and do not to want Arab create State which a new will shame before not the Arab world when I me out come would plansand upset the enable Arabs my ride to defend on My me. it. to wish is take this opportunity to suggest to I ride, want be to ridden!" not He to also brushed aside for idea, a the future thoughL to of independent you an suggestion that he might objective his by of secure Hebrew Republic means of in part Palestine Transjordan within referendum a influence in which his a would be decisive. Fabricating 88 History Israeli The Collusion that Never Was 89 principles of possible Hashemite-Jewish understanding, a Asked if he Abdullah] [i.e., would be prepared designed to not reach to one as concrete Hence agreement. a a sign written the in agreement of his event avoiding of pressing a common for preferred his to an answer denominator being identified political, in economic option; hence concluding his remarks that concrete no and defence replied he affirmatively matters and. issues could be discussed after until the UN General asked them [i.e., his Jewish interlocutors] produce Assembly to had made decision. its bringing draft. In the meeting a end he to an re- iterated that discussions concrete only could take In Abdullah's thinking, partition 'that will shame not place me after the UN had made decision its that and before the Arab world' 'an independent meant Hebrew they again must meet the decision Republic soon as Palestine in of as part Transjordan within was State that a known.
Recommended publications
  • Israel by Sydney Fisher
    R EVIEW D IGEST: H UMAN R IGHTS & T HE W AR ON T ERROR Israel by Sydney Fisher Israel and Palestine have been in an “interim period” between full scale occupation and a negotiated end to the conflict for a long time. This supposedly intermediate period in the conflict has seen no respite from violations of Palestinians’ human rights or the suicide bombings affecting Israelis. This section will provide resources spanning the issues regarding Israel, Palestine and how the human rights dimensions of this conflict interact with the war on terror. The issue of how both sides will arrive at peace remains a mystery. Background Marek Arnaud. 2003. “The Israeli-Palestinian Conflict: Is There a Way Out?” Australian Journal of International Affairs. 57(2): 243. ABSTRACT: States that the blame for the inability to put an end to the conflict between Israel and the Palestinians must be shared by all parties. Discusses issues of trust and U.S. involvement under both Bill Clinton and George W. Bush. Joel Beinin. 2003. “Is Terrorism a Useful Term in Understanding the Middle East and the Palestinian-Israeli Conflict?” Radical History Review. 12. ABSTRACT: Examines the definition of the term “terrorism” in the context of the Middle East and the Palestinian-Israeli conflict. Politically motivated violence directed against civilian populations and atrocities committed in the course of repressing anticolonial rebellions. Shlomo Hasson. 1996. “Local Politics and Split Citizenship in Jerusalem.” International Journal of Urban & Regional Research. 20(1): 116. ABSTRACT: Explores the relationship between ethno-national conflict, local politics and citizenship rights in Jerusalem.
    [Show full text]
  • Palestinian Refugees: Adiscussion ·Paper
    Palestinian Refugees: ADiscussion ·Paper Prepared by Dr. Jan Abu Shakrah for The Middle East Program/ Peacebuilding Unit American Friends Service Committee l ! ) I I I ' I I I I I : Contents Preface ................................................................................................... Prologue.................................................................................................. 1 Introduction . .. .. ... .. .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 2 The Creation of the Palestinian Refugee Problem .. .. .. .. .. 3 • Identifying Palestinian Refugees • Counting Palestinian Refugees • Current Location and Living Conditions of the Refugees Principles: The International Legal Framework .... .. ... .. .. ..... .. .. ....... ........... 9 • United Nations Resolutions Specific to Palestinian Refugees • Special Status of Palestinian Refugees in International Law • Challenges to the International Legal Framework Proposals for Resolution of the Refugee Problem ...................................... 15 • The Refugees in the Context of the Middle East Peace Process • Proposed Solutions and Principles Espoused by Israelis and Palestinians Return Statehood Compensation Resettlement Work of non-governmental organizations................................................. 26 • Awareness-Building and Advocacy Work • Humanitarian Assistance and Development • Solidarity With Right of Return and Restitution Conclusion .... ..... ..... ......... ... ....... ..... ....... ....... ....... ... ......... .. .. ... .. ............
    [Show full text]
  • An Unusual Revolution: the Palestinian Thawra in Lebanon, C
    Durham Middle East Papers AN UNUSuaL REVOLUTION: THE PALESTINIAN THAWra IN LEBANON, C. 1969-82 Dr Anne Irfan Durham Middle East Paper No. 103 Durham Middle East Papers Institute for Middle Eastern and Islamic Studies Institute for Middle Eastern and Islamic Studies Durham University Al-Qasimi Building Elvet Hill Road Durham AN UNUSuaL REVOLUTION: Durham Middle East Papers No. 103 DH1 3TU ISSN 1476-4830 THE PALESTINIAN THAWra IN LEBANON, C. 1969-82 Tel: +44 (0)191 3345680 September 2020 The Durham Middle East Papers series covers all aspects of the economy, politics, social science, history, literature and languages of the Middle East. Authors are invited to submit papers to the Editorial Board for consideration for publication. Dr Anne Irfan The views expressed in this paper are the author(s) alone and do not necessarily reflect those of the publisher or IMEIS. All Rights Reserved. This paper cannot be photocopied or reproduced without prior permission. Durham Middle East Paper No. 103 © Dr Anne Irfan and Durham University, 2020 About The Institute Editorial Board The Institute for Middle Eastern and Islamic Studies (IMEIS), within the Professor Anoush Ehteshami Dr Colin Turner School of Government & International Affairs, is a Social Science-focused Exofficio member Reader in Islamic Thought in academic institute of excellence, research-led in ethos, with a track-record of Professor of International Relations the School of Government and internationally acclaimed research outputs across all sub-areas of its activity. in the School of
    [Show full text]
  • Israel: Growing Pains at 60
    Viewpoints Special Edition Israel: Growing Pains at 60 The Middle East Institute Washington, DC Middle East Institute The mission of the Middle East Institute is to promote knowledge of the Middle East in Amer- ica and strengthen understanding of the United States by the people and governments of the region. For more than 60 years, MEI has dealt with the momentous events in the Middle East — from the birth of the state of Israel to the invasion of Iraq. Today, MEI is a foremost authority on contemporary Middle East issues. It pro- vides a vital forum for honest and open debate that attracts politicians, scholars, government officials, and policy experts from the US, Asia, Europe, and the Middle East. MEI enjoys wide access to political and business leaders in countries throughout the region. Along with information exchanges, facilities for research, objective analysis, and thoughtful commentary, MEI’s programs and publications help counter simplistic notions about the Middle East and America. We are at the forefront of private sector public diplomacy. Viewpoints are another MEI service to audiences interested in learning more about the complexities of issues affecting the Middle East and US rela- tions with the region. To learn more about the Middle East Institute, visit our website at http://www.mideasti.org The maps on pages 96-103 are copyright The Foundation for Middle East Peace. Our thanks to the Foundation for graciously allowing the inclusion of the maps in this publication. Cover photo in the top row, middle is © Tom Spender/IRIN, as is the photo in the bottom row, extreme left.
    [Show full text]
  • Efraim Karsh
    EFRAIM KARSH Contact: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected] PRESENT POSITIONS Director, Begin-Sadat Center for Strategic Studies, Bar-Ilan University Professor Emeritus of Middle East and Mediterranean Studies, King’s College London. Personal website Professor of Political Studies, Bar-Ilan University Principal Research Fellow, Middle East Forum, Philadelphia PREVIOUS POSITIONS Professor of Middle East and Mediterranean Studies, King’s College London, 1996- October 2014 Founding Director, Middle East & Mediterranean Studies Program, King’s College London, 1994-2010 (currently the Institute of Middle Eastern Studies): Offers postgraduate research and teaching on the history, politics, economics and international relations of the Middle East and the Mediterranean. Currently includes 11 fulltime members of staff, 21 visiting fellows, and some 200 students Director, Middle East Forum, Philadelphia, 2011-12 Reader (Associate Professor) in War Studies, King’s College London, 1992-96 Lecturer (Assistant Professor) in War Studies, King’s College London, 1989-92 Senior Research Fellow, Jaffee Center for Strategic Studies, Tel-Aviv University (currently the Institute for National Security Studies), 1984-89 Lecturer (Assistant Professor) in Political Science, Tel-Aviv University, 1986-89 Director of Studies in International Relations, Israel’s Open University, 1982-85 Intelligence Analyst, Israel Defense Forces (IDF), attained rank of Major, 1974-81 VISITING POSITIONS First Nachshon Visiting Professor in Israel Studies, Harvard University, Fall Semester 2003 Starr Fellow in Jewish Studies, Harvard University, Spring Semester 2003 Visiting Professor, Universite Assas 2, Sorbonne, Fall 1999 Visiting Professor of Political Science, Columbia University, Summer Semester, 1989, 1990 1 Research Fellow, Kennan Institute for Advanced Russian Studies, Wilson Center, Washington D.C., February 1988 Participant in the International Visitor Program, U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • The COVID-19 Crisis: Impact and Implications
    The COVID-19 Crisis: Impact and Implications Editor: Efraim Karsh Mideast Security and Policy Studies No. 176 THE BEGIN-SADAT CENTER FOR STRATEGIC STUDIES BAR-ILAN UNIVERSITY Mideast Security and Policy Studies No. 176 The COVID-19 Crisis: Impact and Implications Editor: Efraim Karsh The COVID-19 Crisis: Impact and Implications Editor: Efraim Karsh © The Begin-Sadat Center for Strategic Studies Bar-Ilan University Ramat Gan 5290002 Israel Tel. 972-3-5318959 Fax. 972-3-5359195 [email protected] www.besacenter.org ISSN 0793-1042 July 2020 Cover image: Coronavirus image via Pixabay The Begin-Sadat (BESA) Center for Strategic Studies The Begin-Sadat Center for Strategic Studies is an independent, non-partisan think tank conducting policy-relevant research on Middle Eastern and global strategic affairs, particularly as they relate to the national security and foreign policy of Israel and regional peace and stability. It is named in memory of Menachem Begin and Anwar Sadat, whose efforts in pursuing peace laid the cornerstone for conflict resolution in the Middle East. Mideast Security and Policy Studies serve as a forum for publication or re-publication of research conducted by BESA associates. Publication of a work by BESA signifies that it is deemed worthy of public consideration but does not imply endorsement of the author’s views or conclusions. Colloquia on Strategy and Diplomacy summarize the papers delivered at conferences and seminars held by the Center for the academic, military, official and general publics. In sponsoring these discussions, the BESA Center aims to stimulate public debate on, and consideration of, contending approaches to problems of peace and war in the Middle East.
    [Show full text]
  • Unrwa's Future Reconsidered
    UNRWA’S FUTURE RECONSIDERED BY DR SIMON WALDMAN DEMOCRACY | FREEDOM | HUMAN RIGHTS February 2020 Published in 2020 by The Henry Jackson Society The Henry Jackson Society Millbank Tower 21-24 Millbank London SW1P 4QP Registered charity no. 1140489 Tel: +44 (0)20 7340 4520 www.henryjacksonsociety.org © The Henry Jackson Society, 2020. All rights reserved. Title: “UNRWA’S FUTURE RECONSIDERED” by Dr Simon Waldman The views expressed in this publication are those of the authors and are not necessarily indicative of those of The Henry Jackson Society or its Trustees. Cover Photo: 48631519 - UNRWA Mandate In Gaza City. Palestinians take part in a rally in solidarity of renewal of UNRWA mandate, in Gaza city on November 27, 2019. the UN General Assembly approved the extension of UNRWA’s mandate. The move was supported by 170 countries, with only the US and Israel voting against. Seven countries abstained: Cameroon, Guatemala, Nauru, Marshall Islands, Micronesia, Vanautau, and Canada. (Photo by Majdi Fathi/NurPhoto). https://www.paimages.co.uk/image-details/2.48631519 UNRWA’S FUTURE RECONSIDERED BY DR SIMON WALDMAN DEMOCRACY | FREEDOM | HUMAN RIGHTS February 2020 UNRWA’S FUTURE RECONSIDERED FOREWORD At the start of January 2020 the Deputy Mayor of Jerusalem, Fleur Hassan-Nahoum, brought what she said were contemporary school text books, circulating in East Jerusalem and the West Bank paid for by UNRWA, to a meeting in the House of Lords. It would be a reasonable assumption that anything paid for by the UN would advocate peace and tolerance. Sadly, the opposite was true. Shocked Peers and MPs listened to a translation littered with bile and aggression to Israeli neighbours, including a bizarre mathematical question using “Palestinian Martyrs” (terrorists) as a basic calculating unit.
    [Show full text]
  • Introduction
    Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-87598-1 - The War for Palestine: Rewriting the History of 1948, Second Edition Edited by Eugene L. Rogan and Avi Shlaim Excerpt More information Introduction The Palestine War lasted less than twenty months, from the United Nations resolution recommending the partition of Palestine in November 1947 to the final armistice agreement signed between Israel and Syria in July 1949. Those twenty months transformed the political landscape of the Middle East forever. Indeed, 1948 may be taken as a defining moment for the region as a whole. Arab Palestine was destroyed and the new state of Israel established. Egypt, Syria and Lebanon suffered outright defeat, Iraq held its lines, and Transjordan won at best a pyrrhic victory. Arab public opinion, unprepared for defeat, let alone a defeat of this magnitude, lost faith in its politicians. Within three years of the end of the Palestine War, the prime ministers of Egypt and Lebanon and the king of Jordan had been assassinated, and the president of Syria and the king of Egypt over- thrown by military coups. No event has marked Arab politics in the second half of the twentieth century more profoundly. The Arab–Israeli wars, the Cold War in the Middle East, the rise of the Palestinian armed struggle, and the politics of peace-making in all of their complexity are a direct con- sequence of the Palestine War. The significance of the Palestine War also lies in the fact that it was the first challenge to face the newly independent states of the Middle East.
    [Show full text]
  • Review Article: the Politics of 'Islam' - a Second Look
    CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Provided by LSE Research Online Fred Halliday Review article: the politics of 'Islam' - a second look Article (Published version) (Refereed) Original citation: Halliday, Fred (1995) Review article: the politics of 'Islam' - a second look. British journal of political science, 25 (3). pp. 399-417. DOI: 10.1017/S0007123400007262 © 1995 Cambridge University Press This version available at: http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/39139/ Available in LSE Research Online: November 2012 LSE has developed LSE Research Online so that users may access research output of the School. Copyright © and Moral Rights for the papers on this site are retained by the individual authors and/or other copyright owners. Users may download and/or print one copy of any article(s) in LSE Research Online to facilitate their private study or for non-commercial research. You may not engage in further distribution of the material or use it for any profit-making activities or any commercial gain. You may freely distribute the URL (http://eprints.lse.ac.uk) of the LSE Research Online website. BJ.Pol.S., 25, 399^*17 Copyright © 1995 Cambridge University Press Printed in Great Britain Review Article: The Politics of 'Islam'- A Second Look FREDHALLIDAY* The term 'fundamentalism' has been in use since the 1920s, originating as a description of Protestant sects opposed to 'modernism' within Christianity, and in particular to Darwinian theories of evolution. Yet it is the more recent rise of fundamentalist movements, over the past
    [Show full text]
  • Efraim Karsh
    EFRAIM KARSH Contact: [email protected]; [email protected] PRESENT POSITIONS Professor of Middle East and Mediterranean Studies, King’s College London, since 1996. Personal website Professor of Political Studies, Bar-Ilan University, since 2013 Senior Research Associate, Begin-Sadat Center for Strategic Studies, Bar-Ilan University, since 2013 Principal Research Fellow, Middle East Forum, Philadelphia, since 2013 PREVIOUS POSITIONS Director, Middle East Forum, Philadelphia, 2011-12 Founding Director, Middle East & Mediterranean Studies Program, King’s College London, 1994-2010: Offers research and teaching on the history, politics, economics and international relations of the Middle East and Mediterranean at postgraduate level. Currently includes 9 fulltime members of staff, 6 visiting fellows, and over 120 students. Reader (Associate Professor) in War Studies, King’s College London, 1992-96 Lecturer (Assistant Professor) in War Studies, King’s College London, 1989-92 Senior Research Fellow, Jaffee Center for Strategic Studies, Tel-Aviv University, 1984- 89 Lecturer (Assistant Professor) in Political Science, Tel-Aviv University, 1986-89 Director of Studies in International Relations, Israel’s Open University, 1982-85 Intelligence Analyst, Israel Defense Forces (IDF), attained rank of Major, 1974-81 VISITING POSITIONS First Nachshon Visiting Professor in Israel Studies, Harvard University, Fall Semester 2003 Starr Fellow in Jewish Studies, Harvard University, Spring Semester 2003 Visiting Professor, Universite Assas
    [Show full text]
  • What Every Christian High School Student Should Know About Islam - an Introduction to Islamic History and Theology
    WHAT EVERY CHRISTIAN HIGH SCHOOL STUDENT SHOULD KNOW ABOUT ISLAM - AN INTRODUCTION TO ISLAMIC HISTORY AND THEOLOGY __________________ A Thesis Presented to the Faculty of the School of Theology Liberty University __________________ In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Ministry __________________ by Bruce K. Forrest May 2010 Copyright © 2010 Bruce K. Forrest All rights reserved. Liberty University has permission to reproduce and disseminate this document in any form by any means for purposes chosen by the Seminary, including, without limitation, preservation or instruction. APPROVAL SHEET WHAT EVERY CHRISTIAN HIGH SCHOOL STUDENT SHOULD KNOW ABOUT ISLAM - AN INTRODUCTION TO ISLAMIC HISTORY AND THEOLOGY Bruce K. Forrest ______________________________________________________ "[Click and enter committee chairman name, 'Supervisor', official title]" ______________________________________________________ "[Click here and type committee member name, official title]" ______________________________________________________ "[Click here and type committee member name, official title]" ______________________________________________________ "[Click here and type committee member name, official title]" Date ______________________________ ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I would like to acknowledge all my courageous brothers and sisters in Christ who have come out of the Islamic faith and have shared their knowledge and experiences of Islam with us. The body of Christ is stronger and healthier today because of them. I would like to acknowledge my debt to Ergun Mehmet Caner, Ph.D. who has been an inspiration and an encouragement for this task, without holding him responsible for any of the shortcomings of this effort. I would also like to thank my wife for all she has done to make this task possible. Most of all, I would like to thank the Lord for putting this desire in my heart and then, in His timing, allowing me the opportunity to fulfill it.
    [Show full text]
  • Post-Zionist Critique on Israel and the Palestinians Part I: the Academic Debate
    ORE Open Research Exeter TITLE Post-zionist critique on Israel and the Palestinians part I: The academic debate AUTHORS Pappé, I JOURNAL Journal of Palestine Studies DEPOSITED IN ORE 21 July 2014 This version available at http://hdl.handle.net/10871/15240 COPYRIGHT AND REUSE Open Research Exeter makes this work available in accordance with publisher policies. A NOTE ON VERSIONS The version presented here may differ from the published version. If citing, you are advised to consult the published version for pagination, volume/issue and date of publication Post-Zionist Critique on Israel and the Palestinians: Part I: The Academic Debate Author(s): Ilan Pappe Source: Journal of Palestine Studies, Vol. 26, No. 2 (Winter, 1997), pp. 29-41 Published by: University of California Press on behalf of the Institute for Palestine Studies Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/2537781 . Accessed: 28/03/2014 10:32 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp . JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. University of California Press and Institute for Palestine Studies are collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Journal
    [Show full text]