History of Steelhead and Rainbow Trout in Ventura County: Newsprint Accounts from 1870 to 1955 Volume I
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History of Steelhead and Rainbow Trout in Ventura County: Newsprint Accounts from 1870 to 1955 Volume I by Kimberly Bowers United Water Conservation District Draft of First Edition Published by United Water Conservation District 106 N. 8th Street, Santa Paula, CA 93060 (805) 525-4431 - (805) 525-2661 (fax) www.unitedwater.org November 03, 2008 1 Draft History of Steelhead and Rainbow Trout November 03, 2008 Preface “Men are more apt to be mistaken in their generalizations than their particular observations” - Niccolo Machiavelli (1469-1527) Many popular and scientific articles refer to the historic presence of a robust run of steelhead trout in Ventura County. The reference most frequently cited is by Robert Titus, who did not investigate historical records in our area before 1930. We were surprised to discover that no one has methodically studied the history of steelhead in Ventura County before 1930, after extensive human impacts on the fish had begun. This steelhead history began as a summer project in 2007, in an attempt to find out what kind of information was available. What we discovered is that there is more historic information on steelhead in Ventura County than could be collected in a few months. This first volume is intended to show the nature and quality of information we have been finding. The information has been presented in a format that is unbiased and should be acceptable to all interested parties. The information should be useful to assist recovery planning for steelhead. Copies of all of the source materials will be made available for review in United's office in Santa Paula. United Water Conservation District [Titus et al. 2006] Robert G. Titus, Don C. Erman and William M. Snider; History and Status of Steelhead in California Coastal Drainages South of San Francisco Bay; California Department of Fish and Game; draft manuscript as of October 27, 2006. Citation When citing any part of this document, please use the following reference: Bowers, K., History of Steelhead and Rainbow Trout in Ventura County: Newsprint from 1872 to 1954, Volume I, United Water Conservation District, July 10, 2008. 1 Draft History of Steelhead and Rainbow Trout November 03, 2008 Introduction California has always been prized for her abundance of land, natural resources and a climate unlike any in the Midwest or East Coast. “No section in this sun-kissed land is in advance of Ventura County in natural resources, in beauty and grandeur of scenery, in the products of the soil, in salubrity of climate, in the abundance and quality of water, or in healthfulness.” (The Ojai, April 6, 1892) Ventura County and her cities were no different than any other in California as they strived to attract first, new citizens, and second, tourists. Books, pamphlets and newspaper accounts were written extolling the virtues of her lands. In the late 1800s and early 1900s outdoor pursuits were recognized as being healthy; so hunting, fishing, horseback riding and camping were taken up with vigor. Early newspaper accounts of stream fishing in Ventura County could run from one line to a whole article. Keeping in mind the positive image city papers wished to impart, it was extremely rare in the early years to see anything negative or derogatory. What follows are articles we found pertaining to trout fishing and its attendant culture in the streams and rivers of Ventura County. We are reserving the right to not print an article in its entirety to conserve space, but the reader is welcome to view it at the local libraries, online, or in our archives. We acknowledge that some words and sentences may seem grammatically incorrect or misspelled to the current reader, but kept them as written to preserve the historical flavor of the times. To further enrich the reader’s experience, we are including the annual trout catch of local fisherman and newspaper columnist, Henry Sparks. Mr. Sparks’ large family moved to Ventura County in 1874 when he was three years old, and he remained in the county until his death in 1972. He was a keen fisherman and kept a log of each day he fished from 1892 to 1914. Until 1903, he began fishing the first week in April and then shifted to May 1st when the law changed again. As the reader will see, the delay in the fishing season did not seem to diminish the number he caught in a season. Additionally, there are rainfall totals for each year, which may have partially impacted the fishing season. Also, included in this chronology are the Ventura County Board of Supervisors’ Minutes from 1890 to 1900 in which the Fish Commissioner is mentioned and ordinances passed for protection of the fish. We are still conducting a search for the Fish Commissioner’s reports mentioned in the minutes. This chronology is by no means complete as we have additional newspapers and other resources to search. 2 Draft History of Steelhead and Rainbow Trout November 03, 2008 1 8 7 0 Rainfall – 10.00 Inches Santa Barbara Press – February 5, 1870 SOUND AND WISE – The communication below contains sound and wise counsel. It is timely, and deserves attention, and ought to prompt vigorous action: Editor Press: So much has already been said and written about the prospects of rain and the probability of a drought the present season, that further conjectures or predictions would perhaps seem superfluous. Yet an old fogy, who has seen the elephant, begs leave to offer the following suggestions, more particularly to the people of the First Township of this county: Day by day we see men gathering in knots, discussing the prospects of rain, and predicting great suffering as the natural consequence of a drought, and preparing to seek more favored localities. Let such first acquaint themselves with the resources of their own township, which is perhaps almost as well watered and capable of sustaining its present population as any other district of equal extent in the State. The San Buenaventura River actually did, during the last drought, with a much less volume of water than it now affords, serve to irrigate over three hundred acres of ground, from which a larger yield was obtained than any year before or since that time. With its present volume of water, if taken in hand immediately and economically used, is capable of irrigating at least double that amount of land, say 600 acres, which is about the amount lying on said river within three miles of town. The Santa Clara River, which traverses a valley over sixty miles in length, although it sinks in some places and is difficult to divert in many places, on account of the sand, is yet capable of supplying water to irrigate thousands of acres, we think we may safely say three thousand acres, without going more than 20 miles from town. The Colonia Rancho also affords at least as much more moist land, some of which has already been planted, which we are confident will raise anything desired without a drop of rain, the water being only two to six feet below the surface and at this time in excellent condition for cultivation. To sum up, then, we have over six thousand acres of available land capable of producing as much as an equal extent of land in any other portion of the State, without rain, and allowing ten acres to each family, capable of sustaining six hundred families, which is about the number we have in the township at present, and from which you will discover our resources are fully equal to the emergency. All that is necessary to do is to have the Supervisors appoint three good reliable water commissioners, as the law provides, for the township, to see that the water is equally distributed, then form yourselves into com- panies and divert the water at every available point. It is true that the above describes 3 Draft History of Steelhead and Rainbow Trout November 03, 2008 lands in the hands of comparatively few; but 15 or 20 acres of ground is as much as one person can cultivate well by irrigation, and those owning land will certainly be willing to rent on reasonable terms, unless they intend to cultivate it themselves, in which case it will require about the same number of hands. And to such let me suggest that it will be ten fold more to your advantage to distribute your lands in small quantities among those less favorably situated, than to withhold them, hoping thereby to secure exorbitant prices for what you yourselves can raise. By so doing you will only drive many persons away, thereby depreciating the values of all real estate; whereas, by the first proposition you will enable every one to remain and prove beyond a doubt that we have one of the most desirable localities in the State for permanent settlement. The above has been written looking at the worst possible feature of our situation, premising that we have no more rain this year, which is very unlikely; yet as a general thing when the rain holds off as of late as this, we may reasonably look for but little, and consequent high prices for all kinds of produce. Therefore, we say to every one who contemplates leaving (or remaining) look around and secure a small piece of land that you can irrigate. If the rain comes you will lose nothing thereby. If it does not, you have not a day to spare. The old proverb, in our case is changed to; make hay while the water runs. Old Fogy. San Buenaventura, Jan. 17th 1870.