Intervlan Routing and Various Configurations on Vlan in a Network Using Cisco Packet Tracer
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IJIRST –International Journal for Innovative Research in Science & Technology| Volume 2 | Issue 11 | April 2016 ISSN (online): 2349-6010 Intervlan Routing and Various Configurations on Vlan in a Network using Cisco Packet Tracer 6.2 N.Hari Prasad B. Karunakar Reddy UG Students UG Students Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha University Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha University Thandalam, Chennai- 602105, India Thandalam, Chennai- 602105, India B. Amarnath M. Puthanial UG Students Associate Professor Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha University Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha University Thandalam, Chennai- 602105, India Thandalam, Chennai- 602105, India Abstract The purpose of this paper is to communicate between different Virtual-LANS and to learn more about VLAN Trunking and its operations. VLAN (virtual local area network) is used for configuring Layer-2 network. In this paper we have done an INTER- VLAN routing configured to connect different VLANs in a network whereas connecting in the same VLAN is also possible. INTER-VLAN ROUTING is also known as ROUTER-ON-A-STICK. Generally to communicate between two departments we need a Layer-3 device in place. Layer-3 switch is used on the network to configure INTER-VLAN routing without the need of a router. It is also configured to connect the different VLANS using some of the routing protocol, such as RIP and OSPF. We can also include a DHCP server in topology; the DHCP (dynamic host configuration protocol) is also invoked in this paper, to automatically configure an IP address for the each host. Application of this paper is enable a secure connection in the organization, such as information of higher level (management) is protected from the lower level (Workers) in an organization on a single network. Keywords: VLAN _______________________________________________________________________________________________________ I. INTRODUCTION A Local Area Network (LAN) is generally the network of computers located in the same area. Today, Local Area Networks are defined as a single broadcast domain. This means that if a user broadcasts information on LAN, the broadcast will be received by every other user on the LAN[1]. Broadcasts are prevented from leaving a LAN by using a router. The disadvantage of this method is routers usually take more time to process incoming data compared to a bridge or a switch. More importantly, the formation of broadcast domains depends on the physical connection of the devices in the network. Virtual Local Area Networks were developed as an alternative solution to using routers to contain broadcast traffic. II. SPANNING-TREE PROTOCOL Spanning-Tree protocol is a layer 2 protocol that runs on bridges and switches. The main purpose of the Spanning –tree protocol is to prevent the loop,[2] when there is an redundant path in the network. Fig. 1: Represents the process of Spanning-tree protocol All rights reserved by www.ijirst.org 749 Intervlan Routing and Various Configurations on Vlan in a Network using Cisco Packet Tracer 6.2 (IJIRST/ Volume 2 / Issue 11/ 131) It consist of the root port(switch 0),were all the ports are on and all the ports which are connected to other switch are also on. The other end of the root bridge is designated port, fast Ethernet 0/1 of switch 2 is Non-Designated port(NDP). The NDP is selected on the priority and cost of the bridge. Initially the BRIDGE PACKET DATA UNIT(BPDU) of the switch advertise its information to all other switches, which are connected with it. III. COMMUNICATION IN A SAME VLAN As communication in a same VLAN is simple and easier. It is possible to communicate between the host of same VLAN, but it is not possible if the VLANS are different. Fig. 2: Represents the ports are trunked using the cross-over cable Here the pc0is in vlan10 interfaced with fast Ethernet 0/1 and the pc3 is vlan20 interfaced with the fast Ethernet 0/13. Similarly the pc2 is vlan10 interfaced with fast Ethernet 0/1 and pc4 is vlan20 interfaced with fast Ethernet 0/13. As the communication within the VLAN does not require an multilayer switch or layer 3 switch or a router.Here it is possible to ping the pc0 with pc3 of same vlan10 or the pc3 with pc4of same vlan20[3]. Fig. 3: Represents the Ping command on the terminal to check the connectivity between any two interfaces IV. INTER VLAN ROUTING USING THE LAYER-3 SWITCH The communication between the different VLAN can be achieved either through the layer 3 switch or router. The communication between the different VLAN is done using the 2 multilayer switch All rights reserved by www.ijirst.org 750 Intervlan Routing and Various Configurations on Vlan in a Network using Cisco Packet Tracer 6.2 (IJIRST/ Volume 2 / Issue 11/ 131) Fig. 4: Represents the each vlan is assigned on the layer-3 switch to communicate different vlans Here the two multilayer switch 3560 is used, and each of the Multilayer switch is connected with two hosts.[4] The multi Layer switch 1 is connected with the pc6 and pc7 and multilayer switch 2 is connected with pc8 and pc9. It is possible to Ping the same VLAN, to enable the communication between different VLAN in layer 3 switch, the trunk must be enabled between the two multilayer switch V. INTER-VLAN ROUTING The inter vlan routing is done using the meathod the ROUTER ON A STICK, in order to establish the communication between the differentVLANS we will have to create the sub interface of fast ethernet interface of the router. We can also apply the encapsulation to the sub interface. In order to apply the VTP apply the domain name and trunk the ports of the switch, trunk ony the ports that are connected to the routers and switches[5] Fig. 5: Represents the Inter-vlan routing through router Switch 0: En Config t Vlan 10 Name 10 Vlan 20 Name 20 Exit Int fa0/1 Switchport access vlan 10 Exit Int fa0/2 Switchport access vlan 20 End En Config t Int fa0/1 All rights reserved by www.ijirst.org 751 Intervlan Routing and Various Configurations on Vlan in a Network using Cisco Packet Tracer 6.2 (IJIRST/ Volume 2 / Issue 11/ 131) Switcportmode access Switchport access vlan 10 End Shvlan Assigning the VLAN to ports En Config t Switchport access vlan 10 Exit Int fa0/5 Switchport access vlan 10 End Switch 1: En Config t Vlan 10 Name ss Exit Vlan 20 Name rr End Assigning the VLAN to ports En Config t Int fa0/6 Switchport access vlan 20 Exit Int fa0/7 Switchport access vlan 20 Exit Int fa0/2 Switchport mode access Switchport access vlan 20 Exit Switch 2: En Config t Vtp domain lol Int range fastethernet 0/1-fastethernet0/2 Switchport mode trunk Exit Exit Shvlan Router 0: En Config t Int fa0/0 Int fa0/0.10 Ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0 Encapsulation dot1q 10 Ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0 Exit Int fa0/0.20 Ip address 192.168.20.1 255.255.255.0 Encapsulation dot1q 20 Ip address 192.168.20.1 255.255.255.0 Exit En Configt Int fa0/0 All rights reserved by www.ijirst.org 752 Intervlan Routing and Various Configurations on Vlan in a Network using Cisco Packet Tracer 6.2 (IJIRST/ Volume 2 / Issue 11/ 131) No shutdown Trunk Ports: Trunk ports can carry multiple VLANs at a time. A trunk link is 100 or 1000 Mbps point-to-point link between twoswitches[6], between a switch and router, or even between a switch and server, and it carries the traffic of multiple VLANs from 1 to 4094 at a time. This is a great feature because you can actually set ports up to have a server in two separate broadcast domains simultaneously so your users won’t have to cross a layer 3 device (router) to log in and access it. Another advantage is that, trunk links can carry various amounts of[7] VLAN information across the link, but by default, if the links between your switches are not trunked, only information from the configured VLAN will be switched across that link Static VLANs Static VLANs are created by network administrator, so these are more secure. Any switch port have assigned to a VLAN will always maintain it unless one change the port assign manually .Static VLAN is easy to set up and any movement in the host required manually update. For a large network which required often more updates of VLAN are not possible statically, we go to dynamic VLANs[8]. Dynamic VLANs Dynamic VLAN assign VLANs automatically using software, based on hardware address (MAC), protocols and applications. For example, if MAC addresses have been entered into centralized[9] VLAN management application software. If you attached it to an unassigned switch port, the VLAN management database can look up for the hardware address and assign and configure the switch port into the correct VLAN. It is a tuff task to setup database at initial level. In the dynamic routing protocol , we need to give only the directly connected interface on the CLI(Command line interface) Inter-Switch Link (ISL) Inter-Switch Link(ISL) is a way of tagging VLAN information onto an Ethernet frame. This tagging information allows VLANs to be multiplexed over a trunk through an external encapsulation method (ISL), which allows the switch to identify the VLAN membership of a frame over the trunked link.