Unit 1: the Americas

Name: Date: Period:

UNIT 1: THE AMERICAS

Directions: Define all terms!

Mesoamerica
Quetzacoatl
Glyphs
Polytheistic
Montezuma II
Quipu
Chinampas
Tenochtitlan
Terraced farming
Hernan Cortes
Francisco Pizarro

Directions: Answer each of the following questions in 1-2 complete sentences. You MUST provide specific examples and terminology!

1.  What were some of the common cultural characteristics of the Maya, Aztec, and Inca empires?

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2.  What were the adaptations the Maya, Aztec and Inca made to their environment?

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3.  How did the political organization of the Maya differ from that of the Aztecs and the Inca?

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4.  What did the Aztecs, Maya, and Inca have in common politically?

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5.  Explain the gender complementary roles of Maya/Aztec men and women:

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6.  What was the purpose of tribute paid to Maya, Aztec, and Inca kings?

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7.  What were some of the challenges the Inca faced politically?

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8.  What was the purpose of the mita system and how did it help unify the Inca empire?

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9.  Why did the Europeans, such as Cortes and Pizarro, come to the Americas in the first place? (Hint: remember our studies of European exploration & colonialism!)

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10.  Besides having more advanced weaponry, why were the European conquistadors able to so easily conquer the Maya, Aztecs, and Inca?

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UNIT 2: EAST ASIAN EMPIRES IN THE MIDDLE AGES

Directions: Define all terms!

Philosophy
Daoism
Confucianism
Legalism
Cultural Diffusion
Shi Huangdi
Buddhism
Mandate of Heaven
Dynastic Cycle
Silk Road
Civil Service Exam
Genghis Khan
Pax Mongolia
Japanese feudalism
Shinto
Animism
Daimyo
Shogun

Directions: Answer each of the following questions in 1-2 complete sentences. You MUST provide specific examples and terminology!

1.  Why was the Great Wall of China constructed?

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2.  Why were the philosophies of Daoism, Confucianism and Legalism created?

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3.  How did Shi Huangdi restore order to China?

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4.  What are the key principles or values of Confucianism?

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5.  In what ways did the Han dynasty implement Confucianism?

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6.  Which inventions helped contribute to a significant rise in literacy in China under the Han dynasty?

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7.  What were the defining technological advancements of the Tang and Song dynasties, known as China’s Golden Age?

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8.  Explain the cultural diffusion caused by the Silk Road.

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9.  How were the Mongols able to create such an enormous empire?

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10.  What made the Mongols such effective leaders?

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11.  Why did feudalism emerge in Japan?

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12.  Explain the Japanese system of feudalism—be sure to use specific terms: emperors, shogun, daimyo, samurais, merchants, peasants.m

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13.  What was the role of the samurais in the system of feudalism?

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14.  Why were the Mongols unable to conquer Japan?

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UNIT 3: THE SPREAD OF ISLAM

Directions: Define all terms!

Monotheistic
Five Pillars of Faith
Muhammad
Hadith
Umayyad Dynasty
Abbasid Dynasty
Caliphate
Mosque
Ramadan
Jihad

Directions: Answer each of the following questions in 1-2 complete sentences. You MUST provide specific examples and terminology!

1.  What was life like in the Arabian Peninsula prior to the creation of Islam?

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2.  Where and why did Islam begin?

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3.  What are the Five Pillars of Faith, and what do they mean?

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4.  What is the Qur’an and how did it come into being?

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5.  What caused the Sunni/Shi’ah split?

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6.  What challenges did Muhammad face while trying to spread the Islamic empire?

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7.  How and why did Islam spread so quickly throughout the Middle East and create a caliphate?

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8.  What were some of the key advancements of the Islamic Golden Age during the Abbasid dynasty?

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UNIT 3 (Part 2): WEST AFRICAN EMPIRES

Directions: Define all terms!

Gold-Salt Trade
Timbuktu
Mansa Musa

Directions: Answer each of the following questions in 1-2 complete sentences. You MUST provide specific examples and terminology!

1.  Why were the ancient African kingdoms primarily trading nations?

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2.  Why was salt such an important resource in ancient Africa?

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3.  How did religion affect the development of ancient African kingdoms such as Mali and Songhai?

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4.  Who was Mansa Musa?

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5.  What challenges did Muhammad face while trying to spread the Islamic empire?

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UNIT 4: EUROPE IN THE MIDDLE AGES

Directions: Define all terms!

Serfs
Vassals
Fief
Feudalism
Manor
Manoralism
Tithes
Pope
Papal
Indulgences
Bubonic Plague
Parliament
Crusade

Directions: Answer each of the following questions in 1-2 complete sentences. You MUST provide specific examples and terminology!

1.  What were the effects of the fall of the Roman Empire?

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2.  What groups of people had power in the middle ages?

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3.  How did feudalism establish order?

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4.  In the system of feudalism, what goods or services were exchanged?

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5.  Describe daily life economically and religiously on a manor for each of the social classes.

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6.  Most people in Western Europe followed Roman Catholicism, while most people in Eastern Europe followed the Eastern Orthodox Church. These are both branches of which faith? ______

7.  Describe the relationship between the Catholic Church and the state (government) during the medieval times.

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8.  How did the Magna Carta change the power structure of medieval society?

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9.  Who fought in the Crusades and what were they fought over?

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10.  How did the Crusades contribute to the fall of feudalism?

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11.  How did the Bubonic Plague affect Europe, besides decreasing the population?

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12.  How did the Crusades lead to the rise of the Renaissance?

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UNIT 5: RENAISSANCE, REFORMATION, & SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION

Directions: Define all terms!

Humanism
Martin Luther
95 Theses
Reformation
Counter Reformation
Renaissance
Antiquity
Secularism
Scientific Revolution
Inquiry
Isaac Newton
Galileo Galilei

1.  What were humanism & secularism, and how did they influence European society?

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2.  How did humanism influence European society? Do not say “appreciation of human body”!!!

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3.  How did the ideas of the Renaissance spread throughout Europe?

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4.  What was Martin Luther seeking to change with his 95 Theses?

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5.  How did the Reformation affect the power of the Catholic Church?

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6.  How did Martin Luther’s ideas spread so rapidly across Europe?

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7.  How was the Scientific Revolution a logical extension of the Renaissance?

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8.  What were the main achievements of the Scientific Revolution?

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9.  How did the Scientific Revolution affect the power of the Catholic Church?

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UNIT 6: AGE OF EXPLORATION & COLONIALISM

Directions: Define all terms!

Mercantilism
Colonialism
Columbian Exchange
Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade
Conquistadors
Triangular Trade
Salutary Neglect
Maritime
Hernan Cortes
Francisco Pizarro
Prince Henry the Navigator
Christopher Columbus
Ferdinand Magellan
New World
Cultural Syncretism

1.  Why did Europeans engage in global maritime trade in the 1400s? Be sure to list economic, cultural, and political reasons.

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2.  What technological changes allowed Europeans to begin maritime exploration?

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3.  Why did colonialism develop?

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4.  How did mercantilism benefit the mother countries?

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5.  How did Europeans interact with indigenous peoples in the Americas?

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6.  Why did Europeans initiate the Triangle Trade in the late 1400s?

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7.  In the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade, where were slaves captured from and taken to? Which colonies had the majority of the slave population?

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8.  How did the Columbian Exchange permanently change global diets? List specific ingredients that were exchanged from the New World to the Old World and vice versa.

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9.  What were the long-term consequences of colonialism? Think about the political, social, cultural, and economic effects.

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UNIT 8: THE ENLIGHTENMENT & AGE OF REVOLUTIONS

Directions: Define all terms!

Absolutism
Social Contract
Enlightenment
Separation of Powers
Natural rights
Democracy
Legislature
John Locke
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Voltaire
Charles de Montesquieu
Mary Wollstonecraft

1.  According to the enlightenment thinkers, what is effective government?

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2.  How did the enlightenment differ from the reality of many colonies and European countries at the time?

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3.  How did the Enlightenment affect the power of the Catholic Church?

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4.  How did the Enlightenment give rise to revolutionary ideas in the United States, France, Haiti, and Latin America?

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5.  How did the enlightenment impact the structure of government in the United States, France, Haiti, and Latin America?

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UNIT 8: THE FRENCH REVOLUTION

Revolution
Estates-General
King Louis XVI
Bourgeoisie
Maximillian Robespierre
Tennis Court Oath
National Assembly
Directorate
Napoleon
Reign of Terror
Napoleonic Codes

1.  What were the long-term causes of the French Revolution?

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2.  What were the short-term causes of the French Revolution?

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3.  Describe the relationship between King Louis XVI & Marie Antoinette and the majority of the people of France.

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4.  Why did the Reign of Terror occur?

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5.  How did Napoleon gain power?

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6.  How did Napoleon’s rule benefit France? Be sure to mention political, economic, social, and cultural benefits in your response.

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7.  What was the ultimate outcome of the first French Revolution?

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MAPS

Note: The maps are going to be used in context with questions. Please label and color all items so that you are able to locate the events, civilizations, and connections from Units 1-8.

Name: Date: Period:

Name: Date: Period:

Name: ______

Date: ______Handout #:______

Africa: Map