Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences s195
RAJIV GANDHI UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES
BANGALORE –KARNATAKA
ANNEXURE II
Performa for Registration of Subjects for Dissertation
1. / Name of the candidate and Address(Block letters) / Dr. NADERA YASMEEN. D/O. M.A. RAHIM ARZOODEPARTMENT OF PHYSIOLOGY. M.R.MEDICAL COLLEGE, SEDAM ROAD, GULBARGA 585105, KARNATAKA.
2. / Name of the institution / Mahadevappa Rampure MEDICAL COLLEGE, GULBARGA, 585105.
3. / Course of study and subject. / M.D.(PHYSIOLOGY)
4. / Date of Admission / 4th June 2011
5. / Title of Topic / THE STUDY ON: EFFECT OF CIGARETTE SMOKING ON HAEMATOLOGICAL PARAMETERS AND PULMONARY FUNCTION TESTS
6. / Brief resume of work.
[6.1]Need for the study:- / Cigarette smoking has been identified as a single most significant cause of preventable morbidity and premature deaths. Coronary heart disease, cancer and various respiratory diseases account for the majority of excess mortality related to cigarette smoking. WHO estimates that there are about 1.1 billion smokers in the world, 1/3rd of which are aged between 15-20 years. Most of these smokers are in developing countries [800 million] and are men [700 million].If current trends continue the number killed by Tobacco use will be more than triple to 10 million annually by the year 20201.
[6.2]Review of Literature:- / Whitehead T.P et al studied the combined dose related effects of cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption on blood hemoglobin concentration, Erythrocytes and Leucocytes. Hemoglobin concentration was significantly increased in those smoking more than 10 cigarettes per day2.
Sagone AL. Jr and Balcerzak SP evaluated 5 smokers who had Erythrocyte mass sufficiently larger than normal. In 2 smokers the Erythrocytosis improved when they stopped smoking3.
Margit Frohlich et al, studied the effects of current smoking on white blood cell count. In men current smokers showed statistically significant higher values for WBC count, compared to never smokers4.
GS et al conducted the study and found out that male regular smokers had significantly higher platelet counts than non-smokers5. Current smokers have a WBC count higher than those of both ex-smokers and those who never smoked6.
The plasma Fibrinogen concentration, ESR, Plasma viscosity were also higher in smokers than non smokers7.
In most multivariate analysis cigarette smoking is the only statistically significant predictor of airflow obstruction after adjustment for the effects of age and initial forced expiratory volume in 1 second[FEV1]8.
[6.3]0bjectives of the study:- / 1. Effect of cigarette smoking on hematological parameters
2. To determine the pulmonary function test.
3. To evaluate the relationship between FEV1 and the number of cigarettes per day, the duration of smoking.
7 / Materials And Methods:-
[7.1a]Source of Data:- / Apparently healthy male subjects between the age group of 30-50yrs of Gulbarga city will be taken for present study.
[7.1b] Inclusion criteria:- / Group A:-Non smokers (control group).
50 male apparently healthy subjects those who are non smokers and non alcoholic aged between 30-50yrs old are selected for this study.
Group B:-Smokers.
50 male apparently healthy subjects who are habituated to smoking more than 10 cigarettes per day for more than 10yrs are selected for this study.
[7.1c]Exclusion criteria:- / i. Subjects below 30yrs and above 50yrs of age.
ii. Females are excluded from the study.
iii. Subjects with respiratory diseases.
iv. Subjects who have smoked for less than 10yrs and less than 10 cigarettes/day.
v. Subjects with known diabetes, hypertension.
vi. Subjects who consume alcohol.
[7.2]Methods of collection of data:- / The subjects attending the OPD of department of Medicine, Basaveshwar Teaching and General Hospital, Gulbarga affiliated to M.R.Medical College, Gulbarga will be screened for smoking history. They will be considered as subjects [smokers group] and the non-teaching staff at M.R. Medical College Gulbarga are taken as control group for this study after obtaining their informed consent.
1. About 5 ml of intravenous blood is collected under all aseptic precautions from right Antecubital vein and hematological parameters [Hb%, WBC, RBC, Platelet, ESR] analysed by automated analyzer .
2. Powerlab AD instrument is used to assess Pulmonary function test.
[7.3]Does the study require any investigation or intervention to be conducted on patients or other humans or animals’ if so describe briefly? / · Yes, Blood is collected intravenously from right Antecubital vein from all subjects.
· No animals are used in this study
[7.4]Has Ethical clearance been obtained from your institution in case of [7.3]? / Yes
8. / List of References:- / 1. Oxford text book of public health, the practice of public health. 4th edition, Oxford publication. 2002; Vol3:1481-1501.
2. Whitehead TP et al. “The effects of cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption on blood haemoglobin, erythrocytes and leucocytes; a dose related study on male subjects”, Clin Lab Haematol 1995; 17(2): 131-138.
3. Rossello J et al. Effect of smoking on Hematological parameters in healthy people. Med Clin [Barc] 1990; 94(10):368-371.
4. Margit Frohlich et al. Independent Association of various smoking characteristics with markers of systemic inflammation in men, European Heart Journal 2003; 24 (14):1365-1372.
5. Tell GS et al. The relationship of White cell count, platelet count and haematocrit to cigarette smoking in adolescents; the Oslo youth study, Circulation 1985; 72:971-974.
6. Yoshito Momose et al. The relationship between the WBC count and cigarette smoking among Japanese males. Journal of Occupational Health 1997; 39:280-284.
7. Adekunle A Famodu et al. Effects of cigarette smoking on Haemorrheological parameters in Africans. Hema 2005; 8(1): 99-102.
8. Charles B. Sherman MPH. Pulmonary diseases. The Health consequences of cigarette smoking, Medical clinics of North America. 1992; 76(2): 355-375.
9. / Signature of candidate
10. / Remarks of Guide. / Recommended and forwarded
11. / Name and Designation of [in block letters].
[11.1] Guide / Dr. REVANSIDAPPA B. PATIL
M.D
ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR
DEPT OF PHYSIOLOGY,
M.R.MEDICAL COLLEGE,
GULBARGA
[11.2]Signature of Guide.
[11.3]Co-Guide. / Dr.S.N. PATIL
MD
ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR
DEPT OF MEDICINE
M.R.MEDICAL COLLEGE
GULBARGA
[11.4]Signature of Co-Guide.
[11.5]Head of the Department. / Dr.MILIND. V. BHUTKAR
M.D
PROFESSOR & HEAD
DEPT OF PHYSIOLOGY,
M.R.MEDICAL COLLEGE,
GULBARGA
[11.6]Signature.
12. / [12.1]Remarks of the chairman and Principal.
[12.2] Signature.