Made of Amino Acid Subunits

PROTEINS

CARBOHYDRATES

NUCLEIC ACIDS

LIPIDS Made of amino acid subunits

Made of monosaccharide subunits

Made of nucleotide subunits

Made of 1 glycerol and 3 fatty acids

Hydrophilic Hydrophilic Hydrophilic Hydrophilic

Hydrophilic Hydrophilic

Hydrophobic Hydrophobic Hydrophobic Hydrophobic

Hydrophobic Hydrophobic

Hydrophobic Hydrophobic MONOSACCHARIDES

DISACCHARIDES

OLIGOSACCHARIDES

POLYSACCHARIDES Includes glucose, ribose, fructose, galactose, & deoxyribose

Includes glycogen, cellulose, & starch

Includes DNA & RNA

Includes hemoglobin & insulin

Includes fats, oils, waxes, and steroids

Includes sucrose, lactose, maltose Contain Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen in a 1 C : 2 H : 1 O ratio

Contain Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, and NITROGEN

Contain Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, NITROGEN, and PHOSPHORUS

Contain mainly Carbon and Hydrogen with very little oxygen Can be made Can be made of this subunit of this subunit

Can be made Can be made of this subunit of this subunit

Can be made Can be made of this subunit of this subunit Made of this subunit Made of this subunit

Made of this subunit Made of this subunit

Made of this subunit Made of this subunit Made of this subunit Made of this subunit

Made of this subunit Made of this subunit

Made of this subunit Made of this subunit Made of this subunit Made of this subunit

Made of this subunit Made of this subunit

Can be made of these subunits and

Made of ONLY Made of ONLY ONE sugar molecule ONE sugar molecule Made of TWO Made of TWO sugar molecules sugar molecules

Made of a FEW Made of a FEW (2-10) sugar (2-10) sugar molecules molecules

Made of MANY Made of MANY (100’s-1000’s) (100’s-1000’s) sugar molecules sugar molecules

Often found in glycoproteins Often found in glycoproteins

Often found in glycoproteins

Has a structure like this Has a structure like this Has a structure like this Has a structure like this

Has a structure like this Has a structure like this

Has a structure like this Has a structure like this DNA RNA

DNA RNA

DNA RNA FATS STEROIDS

FATS STEROIDS

FATS STEROIDS Includes cellulose Includes starch

Includes glycogen Includes chitin

Includes cellulose Includes starch

Includes glycogen Includes chitin

Includes cellulose Includes starch

Includes glycogen Includes chitin CAN be digested CAN’T be digested by animals by animals

CAN be digested CAN’T be digested by animals by animals

CAN be digested CAN’T be digested by animals by animals Joined by Joined by PEPTIDE bonds PEPTIDE bonds

Joined by Joined by PEPTIDE bonds PEPTIDE bonds

Joined by Joined by PEPTIDE bonds PEPTIDE bonds Joined by Joined by α-GLYCOSIDIC β-GLYCOSIDIC linkages linkages

Joined by Joined by α-GLYCOSIDIC β-GLYCOSIDIC linkages linkages

Joined by Joined by α-GLYCOSIDIC β-GLYCOSIDIC linkages linkages Shows 1°, 2°, 3°, and sometimes 4° structure

Shows 1°, 2°, 3°, and sometimes 4° structure

Shows 1°, 2° , 3°, and sometimes 4° structure ONLY MACROMOLECULE THAT IS NOT A POLYMER

ONLY MACROMOLECULE THAT IS NOT A POLYMER

MACROMOLECULE THAT IS NOT A POLYMER Made of this subunit Made of this subunit

Made of this subunit Made of this subunit

DOUBLE STRANDED SINGLE STRANDED

DOUBLE STRANDED SINGLE STRANDED DOUBLE STRANDED SINGLE STRANDED

DOUBLE STRANDED SINGLE STRANDED

Contains DEOXYRIBOSE Contains THYMINE

Contains DEOXYRIBOSE Contains THYMINE Contains DEOXYRIBOSE Contains THYMINE

Contains DEOXYRIBOSE Contains THYMINE

Contains RIBOSE Contains URACIL

Contains RIBOSE Contains URACIL Contains RIBOSE Contains URACIL

Contains RIBOSE Contains URACIL