LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS Joachim Bumke, Institute for Older German Literature (emeritus), University of Cologne. Joachim Bumke’s interests include courtly culture, relationships between French and German medieval literature, patronage, and manuscripts. Among his numerous books are The Concept of Knighthood in the Middle Ages (trans. New York, 1982); Geschichte der deutschen Literatur im hohen Mittelalter (Munich, 1990); Courtly Culture: Literature and Society in the High Middle Ages (trans. Berkeley, 1991); Die vier Fassungen der Nibelungenklage: Untersuchungen zur Überlieferungsgeschichte und Textkritik der höfischen Epik im 13. Jahrhundert (Berlin, New York,1996); Wolfram von Eschenbach (Stuttgart, 1997); and Die Blutstropfen im Schnee: über Wahrnehmung und Erkenntnis im “Parzival”Wolframs von Eschenbach (Tübingen, 2001). Thomas Cramer, Professor, Institute for Literary Studies, Technical University of Berlin. Thomas Cramer works on high and late medieval literature, medieval aesthetics, lyric, and word and image. His books include Geschichte der deutschen Literatur im späten Mittelalter (Munich, 1990); and “Waz hilfet âne sinne kunst?” Lyrik im 13. Jahrhundert Studien zu ihrer Ästhetik (Berlin, 1998). His editions and translations of medieval texts include Hartmann von Aue’s Iwein (Berlin, 1981) and Erec (Frankfurt am Main, 1972). Ulrich Ernst, Department of Linguistics and Literature, University of Wuppertal. Ulrich Ernst is interested in visuality and poetics. His monographs include Text als Figur.Visuelle Poesie von der Antike bis zur Moderne (Weinheim,1990); Carmen figuratum. Geschichte des Figurengedichts von den antiken Ursprüngen bis zum Ausgang des Mittelalters (Köln, 1991); and Konkrete Poesie. Innovation und Tradition, Katalog zur Ausstellung in der Universitätsbibliothek (Wuppertal, 1991). Jeffrey F. Hamburger, Department of History of Art and Architecture, Harvard University. Jeffrey Hamburger’s interests include medieval art, theology and mysti- cism, manuscript illumination and devotional imagery,and the visual culture of female monasticism. Among his books, which have won numerous awards, including the Jacques Barzun Prize in Cultural History, are Nuns as Artists:The Visual Culture of a Medieval Convent (Berkeley, 1996); The Visual and the Visionary: Art and Female Spirituality in Late Medieval Germany (New York,1998); and St. John the Divine:The Divinized Evangelist in Medieval Art and Theology (Berkeley,2002). Niklaus Largier, Department of German, University of California, Berkeley. Niklaus Largier works on medieval mysticism, sexuality and the body, and medieval and 274 LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS early modern visual culture. In addition to numerous essays, he has published the book Lob der Peitsche: Eine Kulturgeschichte der Erregung (Munich, 2001); and the edition and translation Meister Eckhart (Frankfurt am Main, 1993). Volker Mertens, Institute for Older German Literature and Language, Free University,Berlin. Volker Mertens’s interests include courtly and late medieval epic and lyric, German Arthurian romance, and sermons. His books includes Das Predigtbuch des Priesters Konrad.Überlieferung,Gestalt,Gehalt und Texte (Munich,1971); Laudine. Soziale Problematik im “Iwein” Hartmanns von Aue (Berlin, 1978); and Der deutsche Artusroman (Stuttgart, 1988). Jan-Dirk Müller, Institute for German Philology,University of Munich. Jan-Dirk Müller’s interests include memory, gesture, performance, writing, and narrative strategy in medieval and late medieval literature. His books include Gedechtnus: Literatur und Hofgesellschaft um Maximilian I (Munich, 1982); Wissen für den Hof: Der spätmittelalterliche Verschriftungsprozess am Beispiel Heidelberg im 15. Jahrhundert (Munich, 1994); and Spielregeln für den Untergang: die Welt des Nibelungenliedes (Tübingen, 1998). Norbert H. Ott, Bavarian State Archive, Munich. Norbert Ott’s interests include secular and religious illustrated manuscripts. His books include Exlibris: zur Geschichte ihrer Motive, ihrer Gestaltungsformen und ihrer Techniken (Frankfurt am Main, 1967); and Rechtspraxis und Heilgeschichte: zu Überlieferung, Ikonographie und Gebrauchssituation des deutschen “Belial” (Munich,1983), and he is continuing the work started by Hella Frühmorgen-Voss cataloging German illustrated manuscripts (Katalog der deutschsprachigen illustrierten Handschriften des Mittelalters [Munich, 1986–]). James A. Rushing, Jr., Department of Foreign Languages and Literatures, Rutgers University,Camden. James Rushing has worked extensively on visual narratives of medieval German literature. He is the author of Images of Adventure:Ywain in the Visual Arts (Philadelphia, 1995) and numerous other publications on relationships between texts and images in the Middle Ages, as well as “a translation of Ava’s New Testament narratives entitled When the Old Law Passed Away (Kalamazoo, 2003). Kathryn Starkey, Department of Germanic Languages and Literatures, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Kathryn Starkey’s interests include word and image, material culture, language, performance, ritual, and the history of the book. She has published a number of articles on illustrated manuscripts and material culture, and her book is entitled Reading the Medieval Book:Word, Image, and Performance in Wolfram von Eschenbach’s “Willehalm” (Notre Dame, 2004). Haiko Wandhoff, Institute for German Literature, Humboldt University, Berlin. Haiko Wandhoff’s research interests include high medieval courtly epic and lyric, word and image, ekphrasis, heraldry, printing and literary communication in the sixteenth century, and the theory and history of media and communication. He is the author of Der epische Blick. Eine mediengeschichtliche Studie zur höfischen Literatur (Berlin, 1996) and Ekphrasis: Kunstbeschreibungen und virtuelle Räume in der Literatur des Mittelalters (Berlin, 2003). LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS 275 Horst Wenzel, Institute for German Literature, Humboldt University, Berlin. Horst Wenzel’s interests include courtly culture, word and image, and media theory. He has co-edited numerous collections of essays including Beweglichkeit der Bilder. Text und Imagination in den illustrierten Handschriften des “Welschen Gastes” von Thomasin von Zerclaere (Cologne, 2002); and Gutenberg und die Neue Welt (Munich, 1994). His editorial work includes a microfiche edition of the Welsche Gast manuscript Hamilt. 675, Staatsbibliothek Berlin (Munich, 1998); and he is the author of Frauendienst und Gottesdienst. Studien zur Minne-Ideologie (Berlin, 1974) and Hören und Sehen—Schrift und Bild. Kultur und Gedächtnis im Mittelalter (Munich, 1995). INDEX Abgesang 148 Apollonius von Tyrland 77 Abîme 125 Aquinas,Thomas 171 Abraham 239 Arabel 78, 80 Von Abtuhung der Bylder 252 Arma Christi 178 accessus ad auctores 91 armes parlantes 60 Achilles 54–8 ars dictandi 90 acrostics 73, 80, 91 Arthurian knights 41, 59 Adam and Eve 239 Arthurian romance 59, 62, 63, 81 Ademar von Chabannes 137 auctor dictans 91 Aeneid 55, 58, 74, 120, 128 auctor legens 91 Aeneis 142 auctor scribens 91 Alberti, Leonbattista 251, 262 Augustine’ theory of memory 167 Albrecht see von Scharfenberg, authority and power 45 Albrecht âventiuren 106 Alcuin 117, 128 Alexander 57, 85 Balbulus, Notker 137, 141 Alexander the Great 33 Baldius, José 240 Alexandreis 57 Bamberger Reiter (Bamberg Aliscans 143 Horseman) 20 allegorical analysis 262 baptism 78, 84, 85, 89, 233, 266–7 allegorical interpretation 208, 209, Barlaam 85, 86 227, 236, 251 Barlaam und Josaphat 85 allegorical plays 209, 216 Bartók, Bela 141 allegorical signification 56 Bataille d’Annezin 143 allegorical symbol 211 Bédier, Joseph 107 allegorical tree 145 bende 58 Alleluia 151 Benoît de Sainte-Maure 77 Amen 151, 167 Beowulf 119, 141 Armer Heinrich 57 Berlin manuscript 74, 76, 77 Amman, Joß 9, 256 Bernardino 164 amor de lonh 149 Bevis d’Hampton 143 Andria 142 Bible, the 9, 23, 165, 227, 239, 240, anima 172 252, 253, 256, 257, 263 Annunciation of the Virgin 143 biblia pauperum 22, 252 Apelles 251 biblical hermeneutics 213, 216, 263 Apocalypse 252, 253 biblical narrative 259–60 apocalyptic imagery 183 Bielietz 143 278 INDEX bilde 2, 167, 169, 177 chansons 143, 144 Bildlosigkeit 162, 171 chansons de geste 143, 151 Birge Vitz, Evelyn 152 chansons de saints 143, 144 Biterolf und Dietleib 63 Charlemagne 116, 120–2, 126, Bligger von Steinach 82 127, 137 bodily exercises 172 Charrette 59 Boethius 142 cheironomy 138 Bonaventure 164 Chrétien de Troyes 56, 59, 110 book of conduct 2 Christ and the beguine book of emblems 9, 262 208–10, 212 book of nature 38 Christ and the fig tree 188 book of Revelation 227, 229 Christ, birth of 259 book of visions 208 Christ-book 234–5 Brown, Earle 136 Christ, crucifixion 170, 181, Brussels manuscript 85 183, 227 Buchthal, Hugo 18, 21 Christ in Majesty 184 Bumke, Joachim 7, 61, 273 Christ in the printing press 236–43 Byzantinists 21 Christ in the wine-press 223, 224, 225–30, 243 Caesarius of Heisterbach 234 Christ, Jesus 166, 167, 208, 209, Cain and Abel 265–7 212, 215, 225, 227, 234, 236, calcare 240–1 239, 266 calcographia 241 Christ, Real Presence of 212 Calumnia 251 Christ’s apostles 227 Cambridge Songs 144, 152 Christ’s blood 229, 231, Camille, Michael 162, 164 238, 244 canting 65 Christ’s body 167 cantor 139 Christ’s crucifixion 167 Carelmanninc 144 Christ’s entry into Jericho 172 Carliûne 83 Christ’s footsteps 177 Carmina 142 Christ’s image 167 Carmina burana 145–6, 151–2 Christ’s nudity 167, 177 carmina figurata 179 Christ’s passion 167, 177 Carruthers, Mary 4, 181 Christ’s recitation