Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-02839-5 - The Cambridge Handbook of Formal Semantics Edited by Maria Aloni and Paul Dekker Index More information Index Ability, see Modality term, 70 Aboutness, 135, 520, 744, 745 universal, 10 Abstraction (λ), 18, 84, 85, 339, 340, 565, 646, Algebraic closure, 381 781 Alternative semantics, see Semantics Accessibility, 79, 80, 112, 165, 497, 530, 531, 598, Ambiguity, 10, 13, 274, 667, 775, 783–786, 788, 609, 611, 621, 731, 742 794 Accomplishment, 50–52, 54, 344, 346, 348, analytical, 70, 83, 233, 250, 273, 299, 314, 350–355, 357–359, 367, 385 324, 327–330, 345, 364, 367, 395, 488, Achievement, 50, 54, 344–346, 348, 352–355, 550, 633–634, 638, 648–650, 657–658, 357–359 739 Activity, 41, 50, 52, 54, 59, 344–346, 348, 352, 353, hypothetical, 46, 186, 198, 251, 253, 289, 297, 355–359, 361, 367, 385 303, 329, 336, 470, 485, 533, 572, 669, 670, Adam’s thesis, 509, 522 674, 687 Additivity, see Anti-additivity lexical, 39–41, 46, 58, 250, 251, 358, 395, 451, Addressee reference, see Reference 455, 533, 534, 669, 785, 789 Adjacency pair, 134, 135 pragmatic, 199 Adjective referential, 558, 769 absolute, 390–394, 401, 402, 430–435, 438, 445, scopal, see Scope 461 Anaphora, see Reference, anaphoric adverbial, 446 Answerhood, see Question attributive, 451, 453, 454 Antecedent, 490, 491 gradable, 424, 446–449, 459, 460, 543 falsity of the, 494, 522 intensional, 449, 450, 452–454 strengthening, 494, 522 intersective, 331, 447, 453, 454 Anthropological linguistics, see Linguistics multi-dimensional, 434 Anti-additivity (additivity), 221, 383, 384, 479, qualitative, 446 482, 488 relational, 446, 448–450, 453, 454 Anti-variation, 258–259, 262–265 relative, 390–393, 395, 401, 422–432, Antisymmetry, 372, 373 438 Antonymy, 57 Adverb Apodosis, 490 degree, 446, see also Modifier Application (domain), 62, 71, 82, 84, 114, 263, frequency, 295–297, 398 340, 391, 395, 401–403, 410, 414, 415, 422, intensifier, 459, 461–463 425–427, 429, 431, 434, 538 manner, 446, 447, 459 Application (functional), 15, 17, 75, 84, 85, 117, modal, 446, 447 163, 209, 339, 452, 483, 485, 565, 569, 639, of quantification, 295, 296, 325, 398, 578, 644, 646, 655, 661 579 Appositive, 246, 715–721 temporal, 315–317, 325–326, 358, Approximation, 435–438, 771 436 Argument alternation (identification), 55–59, Aktionsart, 34, 36, 49, 52, 54, 268, 317, 343, 359, 632, 637, 639–640, 645–646, 655–656 550 Aristotelian logic, see Logic Algebra, 10, 13, 16, 67, 70, 71, 80, 82–84, 97, 376, Aristotle, 36, 91, 175, 187–188, 190, 218, 222, 225, 509, 511, 561, 588, 591 443, 468, 575 Boolean, 376 Articulation, maxim of, 711–713 Heyting, 587, 588 Artificial Intelligence, 63, 108, 688, 780 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-02839-5 - The Cambridge Handbook of Formal Semantics Edited by Maria Aloni and Paul Dekker Index More information Index 917 Aspect, 336 Competence, 664 composition, see Composition Composition grammatical, 343, 360, 368, 368, 549, 552, 554 as identity, 377 imperfective, 316, 336, 337, 343, 360–367, 549, aspectual, 347, 349–357, 359, 366–368 550 by computation, 780–786 (in)definite, 336–337 function/type/relation, 17, 61, 64, 104, 116, lexical, 36, 343–360, 366, 368 120, 781 perfective, 316, 317, 323, 326–328, 336, 337, meaning, 15, 34, 116, 120, 254, 664 343, 360–364, 366, 367, 549, 550 modes of, 451–459 progressive, 344, 347, 361, 364, 365, 762, 764 syntactic, 33, 64 prospective, 324, 549, 550, 554, 555 Compositionality, 4, 5, 13, 17, 67–71, 74, 82, 106, Associativity, 271, 376, 376, 737, 742, 747 316 Asymmetry, 668, 670, 682, 709, 713 inverse, 73 Atelicity (atelic), 36, 50, 52, 343, 344, 346–351, Compositionality, Principle of, 3, 7, 13, 15–16, 18, 353, 355–359, 362, 367, 385–387 68, 73, 178, 475, 630, 781 Atom, 270–274, 281, 283, 345, 355–357, 375–378, Computational linguistics, see Linguistics 383, 384, 439 Computational semantics, see Semantics Attitude verb, see Belief report Computer science, 774, 775 Attributive definite, see Definite NP Conceptual cover, 574 Conceptual scheme, 185 Bach-Peters sentence, 649 Conditional, 490–524 Background, 116, 151, 152, 403, 471, 529, 530, counterfactual (subjunctive), 291, 295, 491, 532–535, 538, 539, 541, 548, 580–582, 608, 515–519, 544, 617, 618 728, 743, 747, 750, 753, 778, 779, 796 imperative (anankastic), 577, 617, 618, 620, Bare plural, 211, 239, 293, 297–300, 308, 347, 623, 624 350, 355, 357, 359, 367, 386 indicative, 491, 492, 515–519, 696 Bayesian analysis, 764, 766–769 interrogative, 576–577, 588–590 Bedeutung, see Reference material, 493–496, 500, 508, 509, 523 Behaviorism, 5 probability, 508–509, 512 Belief report, 16, 30, 73, 74, 78–80, 85, 90, 93, 96, quantificational (restricted), 503–506 98, 202, 528, 534, 547, 573, 578, 682, 689, referential (plural), 503–506 704, 719 relevance (biscuit), 491, 519–522 Bisimulation, 117 strict (variably), 496–500, 523 Bivalence, 100, 493, 698, 709, 713 three-valued, 510–514 Bouletic modality, see Modality Conditional Excluded Middle, 498, 522 Brevity, maxim of, 667, 711, 712 Conditional presupposition, 703, 706–708 Bridging antecedent, see Reference Conditional reasoning, 309, 764–769, 798 Congruence, 426, 427, 729, 732, 737, 742, 748, Case Grammar, see Grammar 753, 754 Categorial Grammar, see Grammar Consequent, 490, 491 Categorical judgement, 490 truth of the, 494, 522 Causal intentional chain, 189 Conservativity, 213–216, 218, 219 Centered world, 89 Constraint-satisfaction, 783–784 Centering, 742 Content, see Character Central gap (tolerance), 415 Context change potential, 116, 582, 700, 712, Character (content), 14, 86, 93, 193, 797 730, 733 Characterization lemma, 116 Context dependence, 14, 26–27, 64, 77, 81, 86, 95, Charity, principle of, 78, 79 176, 195, 411, 414, 415, 729, 736 Choice function, 242, 250–253, 504 Context of use, 27, 82, 86–88, 91–93, 190, 191, Circumstance of evaluation, 86–88, 92, 93, 193, 193–195, 204, 390, 395, 533 204, 449 Context set, see Common ground Circumstantial modality, see Modality, eventual Contextualism (relativism), 64, 90–91, see also Coercion, 15, 50, 63, 346, 358, 762, 763, Vagueness 771 Continuation semantics, see Semantics Cognition, 4, 369, 756–774 Contradiction, 395, 396, 468, 666, 705 Collectivity, 248, 249, 270, 272–277, 282, 283, Contraposition, 494, 495, 497, 498, 504, 505, 512, 299, 300, 302, 387, 544 513, 522 Commitment, 133, 153, 182, 184, 377, 413, 414, Contrariety, 218, 468 615, 617, 618 Contrast, 728, 732, 738, 740, 741, 743, Common ground (context set), 14, 502, 516–518, 746–754 582, 605–608, 611–615, 623, 694, 698, 700, rhematic, 750–752 702, 711–713, 730, 796 thematic, 747–750 Commutativity, 271, 278, 374, 376 Conversational move, 133–135, 139, 149–150, Comparative, 220, 393, 423–432, 434, 435, 459, 157, 590, 736, 737, 742, 743, 754 461–463, 477, 482, 610, 611 Conversational relevance, 130, 133, 144, 160, 161, Comparative linguistics, see Linguistics 169, 521, 580, 583, 584, 607, 620, 667, 737, Comparison class, 390, 391, 399, 425, 426, 428, 746, 753, 764, 797 430, 448, 449, 460, 461 Cooper store, 24, 254, 661 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-02839-5 - The Cambridge Handbook of Formal Semantics Edited by Maria Aloni and Paul Dekker Index More information 918 INDEX Cooperative Principle, 133, 581, 583, 667, see also Discourse Representation Theory, 4, 14, 16, 25, Articulation, Brevity 108–118, 121, 127, 169, 201, 315, 660–661, Maxim of Manner, see Manner 703–708, 714, 757, 777, 785, 796 Maxim of Quality, see Quality Discourse semantics, see Semantics Maxim of Quantity, see Quantity Discourse structure, 28, 108, 120, 124, 128, 129 Maxim of Relation, see Relation Disjunctive syllogism, 514 Count noun, see Noun Distinctiveness (events), 387 Counterfactual, see Conditional Distributional semantics, see Semantics Counterpart, 538–541, 559 Distributivity, 248, 249, 253, 268–270, 272–276, Credence, 419 279–284, 299, 376, 387 Cross-linguistic, 360, 532, 553, 636–638, 643, Divisive reference, see Reference 651–653, 658–659, 662 Domain restriction, 212–215, 245, 257, 324, 399, Cross-sentential, 110, 119, 315, 328 492, 504–506, 508, 543, 544, 546, 547 Cumulativity, 52, 104, 269, 270, 272, 273, Donkey sentence, 28, 108, 242, 329 276–279, 284, 344, 349–351, 358, 379, Double negation, see Negation 384–386, see also Reference (cumulative) Dutch book argument, 511 Dynamic logic, see Logic De dicto/de re, 294, 575, 647 Dynamic Predicate Logic, 14, 108, 109, 115, De Morgan law, 218, 468, 479 117–121, 127 De re, see De dicto/de re Dynamic semantics, see Semantics Decision Theory, 581, 582 Dynamic syntax, 661 Declarative, 66 Dynamicity, 344, 354 Decomposition, 37, 38, 52, 352–353 feature-based, 34, 35, 53 Elaboration, 128, 129, 163, 733–740, 750, structural, 34, 35, 52–55 752 Default rule (reasoning), 288, 304, 305, 307, 308, Ellipsis, 108, 124, 128, 132, 162, 395, 399, 413, 758, 760, 762, 765, 767, 768, 797 662, 720, 781, 795 (in)Definite tense, see Tense Embedding, see Implicature, Imperative Definite NP, 72, 96, 109, 174, 180, 181, 183, 195, embedding, Question embedding, 225, 245, 246, 300–301, 308, 372, 376, 470, Discourse representation 492, 504, 506, 706, 736 Entailment, 30, 49, 268–270, 272, 305, 333, 347, anaphoric, 315 388, 447, 450, 479, 489, 496, 514, 561, 569, attributive, 197, 203 581, 587, 700, 709, 714, 743, 770, 790 quantificational, 503, 506 downward/upward, see Monotonicity referential, 197, 204, 503, 506 Epistemic modality, see Modality Definite/indefinite,