24 ANNOTATED LIST OF FOREST I~SECTS OF BHITISH COLUMBIA PAHT XIV. ENNOMINAE (GEOMETRIU.\E) B . A. SUGDEN' ABSTRACT The mature larvae of 57 species of forest geometrids are described briefly and their distribution and hosts, as determined from samples col­ lected by personnel of the Forest Insect and Disease Survey, are given. The larvae of Ennominae a re often Columbia, rare. 2 LARVA: l1/s inches; tuberculate, with colors a nd patterns h ead horizon ta l, pale green marked resembling the leaf-stems a nd twigs with pinkish-violet ; body slim, pink­ of the host trees. Pupation may occur ish -ora ngf' with medium brown mid ­ in foliage 01' ba rk crevices of trees a nd dorsal spots flan ked by pale manve shrubs or in the li tter on the forest patches on AI-8; subspiracular area floor . Ennominae overwinter as eggs of TI-III s ll ffused with violet extend­ or pupae a nd occasionally as partly ing into upper pa rt of legs; anterior grown larvae. of a bdomina l prolegs Violet, anterior Frequen t outbreaks of severa l of a n a l prolegs marked with a violet species of Ennominae h a ve caused line; ve nter pinkish-orange AI-6, re­ damage of economic importance to m a inder yellowish-green, pale yellow­ ma ture, poles ized a nd r eproduction ish -gr een mid ventral line bordered by forest trees. deep pink a dventra l lines AI-6. Brief larval descriptions of Semio­ Deilinia erythema ria Gn. - Salix thisa and Caripeta spp. with notes on spp. Throughout British Columbia, th eir hosts a nd dis tributions were common. LAR VA: 1 inch ; h ead hori­ publish ed earlier in the Proceedi ngs zontal, pale green , lower sides with of the Entomological Society of Brit­ reddish -brown line; body slim, pale ish Columbia (Ross and Evans 1958 gl een , diffused white s ubdors al a nd 1959 ) . s tripes, da rk reddish-brown middorsal ENNOMINAE spots fl anked by paler r eddish-brown Bapta semiclarata Wlk .- Prunus patch es on posterior of TIll a nd AI- spp., Amelanchier spp., Crataegus sp . 4, Jess dis tinct on A5-7; subspiracular (2 records), Alnus sp. (1), Pseudot­ stripe form ed by a powdering of red­ suga m enziesii (Mirb.) Fra n co (2) . dish-brown spots extending onto up­ Southern to centra l British Columbia per legs of TI-IlI, becoming gradually and Vancouver Island, common. fain ter pos teriorly ; sides of ventral LARVA: 1 inch ; h ead sm a ll, pale a nd a nal prolegs marked with pur­ green. r eddish-brown ma rkings on plish - brown; ven tel' pale green with sides extending to vertex; body ro­ yeJlowish-white midventral line. bust , s mooth; two color phases: (a) Deilinia exanthemata bryantaria immaculate pale green, anal shield Tayl. - Sa!i:r spp. Throughout interior marked with reddish-brown ; (b) pa le British Columbia, extending to th e gr een with broken, reddis h-brown a d ­ Coast in the Prince Rupert District, dorsal lin es extending from TIl to app[1rently more numel'OUS in central A8; anal si1il'ld a nc1 anal prol egs alld west central portions, uncommon . markec1 wi th rec1 c1i sh-brown; venter LARVA: 1 ~ 8 inch es; h ead pale green, immaculate. thin reddish line on lower sides; body Deilinia variolario Gn.-Salix spp. slim, pale green, Al-6 with reddish Centra l a nd southern interior British micldorsal spots, faint on Al a nd 6; sides of abdominal prolegs m a rked 1 F o r ('~t Ent omoio2.\ J.·d) () r<l t(Jr~. Ih'pal'lJllC'llt of \\-ith pale reddLsh-brown; venter im­ Fores try anci Hltra l i) c \'(' lopttll'llt. \ "L' I'Il()I1 . ILl'. .2 i.e. rare in F orL'st rn ~('c t a nd Disease Sun"ey maclllate . r'andOll1 beatinr.: cu llectiu n .., \\ Ili(' h a rt.' L l kell (loh fro!)l treC's .. Inc! a lew spt.'cil'''I oj' the largcr ') hrllb ~. Itame anatoria Swett- Alnus spp ., .1 . r'>; T() \ 1 () I. S IW . RI:TT. C or. I · ' II<I.I . 65 (1068). A l ·l;. 1, 1968 2G Betula spp., Salix spp. Central to Dipp. Southern central British Co­ south ern interior and southern coas­ lumbia, rare. LARVA : I Ys inches; tal regions of British Columbia. h ead green; body pale yellowish­ LARVA : I inch; two color phases with green, spiracles pa le yellow. intermediates (a) h ead buff, profusely Itame bitactata Wlk.- Alnus spp. m a rked with dark brown; bod y, dark Southern interior Br itish Columbia, m a uve with small dark brown mid­ uncommon. LARVA: I inch ; three dorsal patch es, bordered laterally color phases: (a) h ead dull or ange with pa le buff on AI-4; indistinct pale with pale tan m a rkings, front mark­ purple a ddorsal lines; irregular brown ed with pale yellow inver ted V; body s ubdorsal lines, outer line darkest; smooth, pale orange with prominent narrow pale buff supraspiracular line da rk brown setal bases, irregular pale bordered by da rk brown; broad pale yellow addorsal lines bisecting in­ cream su bspiracula r stripe; dark dis tinct pale yellow diamond-shaped brown spots caudad of spiracles on pa ttern on AI-5, pale yellow subdorsal A2-5 ; dark brown subventral patches lines; broad yellow subspiracular on AI-5; venter similar to dors um but stripe banded anteriorly with dark pa ler : (b) head pale cream profusely brown on TI a nd AI-8; venter with marked with dull orange; body pale midventral spots on AI-4, TI and AI- yellowish-buff, irregular middorsal, 5 banded with pale brown; (b) dark addorsal and subdorsal lines pa le phase similar; h ead blackish with reddish - brown ; narrow pale yellowish pa le inverted V, gr eenish-gr ey body supraspiracula r stripe bordered above a nd dull black m a rkings; (c) h ead by dark brown and below by ligh t green with pale yellow inverted V on brown lines; broad pale yellow sub­ front; body green with pa le yellow spir acula r strip; prominent dark dorsal lines; pale yellow subspiracular brown subventral patches on AI-5 ; stripe; pale greyish-green oval mid­ th oracic legs marked with dark brown ventral spots on AI-4, greyish-green and prolegs with pale reddish-brown; croch ets on prolegs. venter similar to dorsum, AI-4 with Protitame matilda Dyar-Populus small oval, pale brown midventral tremuloides Michx., P . trichocarpa spots. Torr. & Gray, Salix spp., Alnus sinuata Itame exauspicata Wlk. - B etula (Regel) Rydb. (1 record). Throughout spp., Alnus spp., Salix spp. (2 records), interior British Columbia north to 54° Prunus p ensylvanica L. f. (1) , Corylus latitude and on Vancouver Island, cornuta Marsh. val'. cali/ornica common. LARVA: VS inch; hea d me­ (A.DC) Sha rp (1), interior British dium green marked with pale reddish­ Columbia north to 56° latitude; com­ brown ; body smooth, robust, pale m on. LARVA: I inch; head tan pro­ green; dorsum with a reddish tinge fusely marked with dark brown; dor­ extending to lateral, pale r eddish­ sum of TI-III medium brown with brown addorsal and pale greenish­ indistinct ba nds of da rk brown fl ecked yellow subdorsal lines; indistinct pale with pa le reddish-brown; a bdomen yellowish - g reen supraspiracular m edium brown, irregula r pa le red­ stripe; venter pale green with a yel­ dish-brown dorsal stripe bordered by lowish tinge, immaculate. dark brown, anal shield pale buff with Protitame hulstiaria T ayl.- Popu­ dark brown setal bases; lateral a r ea Ius tremuloides, Salix spp. Interior reddish-brown banded with dark British Columbia north to 56 ° latitude, brown extending to venter, spiracles uncommon. LARVA: VS inch; h ead pale yellow; venter pale reddish­ reddish-brown sides extending to ver­ brown marked with dark brown, A2- tex, fron t green; body smooth , robus t, 5 with la r ge pale reddish-brown mid­ apple - green , broa d reddish - brown ventr al spots bordered by dark brown. dorsal stripe extending to A8 ; sides Itame plumosata B. & McD.- Acer a nd venter immaculate. glabrum Torr. val'. douglasii (Hook.) Itame loricaria julia Hlst.- Popu- J . R \" T O"O I. Soc. B I<I T. C Ol. l · \I BI.I. 65 ( 1968 ) , AL' G. 1, 1965 Ius tremuloides, P. tl'ichocal'pa (2 contol'ta, P . monticola Dougl., Thu j a records), Salix spp. (2) . Throughout plicata Donn. Western British Colum ­ British Columbia and on Vancouver bia, Vancouver and Queen Charlotte Island, but most common in the cen­ Islands, common on Vancouver Island, tral and northern Interior. LARVA : uncommon elsewh ere. LARVA: I V2 1 V8 inches ; two color phases with in­ inches ; h ead slightly bilobed, tan termedia tes: (a) head purplish - brown marked with grey; body s mooth, grey­ with tan markings; body smooth, ish shading to brown in ligh ter areas, purplish-brown, pale tan addorsal pale broken addorsal line bordered by lines, banded with dull black except blackish addorsal lines, indistinct on TI a nd III and AI, 8 and 9; dull dia mond pattern irregularly outlined black la teral bands on TIl, III and in black on TIl-III and Al-8, on A2 A2-6 ; spiracles pale yellow encom­ bl ack markings coalesced to create a passed by irregular dull black band; lateral with diagonal line pos­ patches ; irregular subspiracular s tripe terior of spiracles on TI and Al-8, on AI-5; venter pale purplish-brown prominent subspira cular fringe of banded with dull black A2-5 ; (b) head white, palmate setae, 3 to 5 on Al-3; green; body green , pale yellowish­ ven tel' pale yellowish-buff.