DOCUMENT RESUME ED 344 327 EA 023 904 AUTHOR Walker, William, Ed.; And Others TITLE Advancing Education: School Leadership in Action. To Mark the Twentieth Anniversary in 1990 of the Commonwealth Council for Educational Administration (CCEA). INSTITUTION Commonwealth Council for Educational Administration, Armidale (Australia). REPORT NO ISBN-85000-925-2 PUB DATE 91 NOTE 308p. AVAILABLE FROM Falmer Press, Taylor & Francis Inc., 1900 Frost Road, Suite 101, Bristol, PA 19007-1578 (paperback-ISBN-1-85000-925-2; hardcover--ISBN-1-85000-924-4). PUB TYPE Guides - Non-Classroom Use (055) -- Reports - Descriptive (141) EDRS PRICE MF01/PC13 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Accountability; *Administrative Principles; Cultural Differences; Decentralization; *Educational Administration; Elementary Secondary Education; Equal Education; Foreign Countries; *Professional Associations; *School Effectiveness IDENTIFIERS Australia,: Canada; *Commonwealth Council for Educ Administration; Professionalism; United Kingdom ABSTRACT Aimed primarily at practitioners, this book's main objectives are to illuminate significant educational administration issues, sensitize readers to rapid and inevitable changes in the field, guide well-informed administrative action, review emerging developments, and demonstrate the Commonwealth Council for Educational Administration's leadership as a professional association. Section 1 briefly describes changes in the concept of the Commonwealth, highlights the Commonwealth Secretariat's role, and describes the development of the CCEA as an international leader in educational change. Section 2 analyzes key issues such as centralization and decentralization, autonomy and accountetility, effective schooling, teacher professionalization, and equity and diversity in multicultural studies. Section 3 describes and analyzes the roles played by the principal/head teacher e.:03 the superintendent/education officer. The final section identifies some significant resources to illuminate, support, and expand the administrative process. Attention is focused on administrator education and training, the relevance of new perspectives for improved practice, and the CCEA's role in future development. Each chapter is accompanied by extensive references. An index and notes on contributors are included. (MLH) *********************************W************************************* Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. **************************************w******************************** U S DEOARTMENT OF EDUCATION OtIce of Edecattortai Researchand Improvement EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) VMSCIOCument has been ,ewoduced 13 received from Ihe person Or orgaruttlitiOn Originating it O Minor Changes have been made 10improve reproduction Qualify Points of vie* or opinions Staled In fhiSdOCtj menf dO nOt necessarily represent Official OE RI pOstlion of poky I ly'se 1:et A ' ,z e klivi . _.. ill- _,,6 ? `-, ,,,,,-:;,,,.. va - t.... .4. -`"- -6 ' T.IP 47,c_ a e .t% S "PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY ra.) 51, ezp5pg u.OrF rii31 ';! nittiat Lui TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) Dedicated to the memory of William Walker, FounderPresident of the Commonwealth Council for Educational Administration,whose pivotal contribution to this Twentieth Anniversary volume was completedbefore his untimely death To mark the Twentieth Anniversary in 1990 of THE COMMONWEALTH COUNCIL FOREDUCATIONAL ADMINISTRATION (CCEA) Advancing Education: School Leadership inAction Edited by William Walker, Robin Farquharand Meredydd Hughes CCEA Presidents1970-82, 1982-86and 1986-90respectively The Falmer Press (A member of the Taylor & Francis Group) London . New York . Philadelphia 4 UK The Falmer Press, 4 John St., London, WC1N 2ET USA The Falmer Press, Taylor & Francis Inc., 1900 Frost Road, Suite 101, Bristol, PA 19007 © Selection and editorial material copyright W. Walker, R. Farquhar and M. Hughes 1991 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means,electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without permission in writing from the Publisher. First published 1991 British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Advancing education: School leadership in action. I. Walker, WilliamII. Farquar, Rohin III. Hughes, Meredydd 371.200609171 ISBN 1-85(10)-924-4 ISBN 1-85000-925-2 phk Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data available on request Set in10/:2pt Times by Graphicraft Typesetters Ltd., Hong Kong Printed in Great Britain lw Burgess Science Press, Basingstoke on paper which has a specified pHtyilue on fina( paper manufacture of not less than 7.5 and is therefbre 'acid free'. 4 ) Contents Foreword Bill Mulford vii Preface William Walker, Robin Farquhar and Meredydd Hughes viii Section 1: Introduction Chapter 1 The Changing Commonwealth William Walker 3 Section 2: Some Issues of Practice Introduction 14 Chapter 2 Centralization and Decentralization in Curriculum and Evaluation: Looking Both Ways at Once Hediey Beare and Andrew Sturman 16 Chapter 3 Accountability and Autonomy: Dual Straads for the Administrator Wayne L. Edwards 29 Chapter 4 Effective Schools: An International Perspective Lany Sackney 51 Chapter 5 The Professionalization of Teachers Kevin A. Wilson 64 Chapter 6 Equity and Cultural Diversity M. Kazim Bacchus 79 Comment 96 Section 3: Key Administrative R.,ies Introduction 100 Contents Part A: The School PrinciPallHeadteacher Chapter 7 The School Principal in Australia Judith D. Chapman 102 Chapter 8 Headteache:s in England and Wales Ray Bo lam 110 C'hapter 9 The School Prircipal in India Chaman L. Sapra 119 Chapter 10The School Headteacher in Kenya Jotham 0. Olembo and Samuel S. Maneno 131 Chapter 11 The School Principal in Nigeria Nicholas A. Nwagwu 141 Part B. The School SuperintendentlEducation Officer Chapter 12The School Superintendent in Canada Robin H. Farquhar 154 Chapter 13The State Director of Education in Malaysia Tunku Ismail Jewa 162 Chapter 14The Education Officer in New Zealand Kenneth A. Rae 170 Chapter 15School Supervision in the West Indies: Focus on Trinidad and Tobago Claudia Harvey and Gwendoline Williams 188 Comment 202 Section 4: Resources for Educational Advanc, Introduction 206 Chapter 16The Selection, Preparation and Professional Development of Educational Administrators Colin Moyle and Bernadette Taylor 208 Chapter 17Tiieory and Research as Catalysts for ChLtge Meredydd Hughes and Tony Bush 232 Chapter 18CCEA and the Commonwealth: Living Organizations for Development 265 John Weeks Notes on Contributors 279 Index 285 vi 7 Foreword If there were ever a time when education needed tobe 'advanced', it is now. How appropriate then that the CommonwealthCouncil for Educational Administration (CCEA), an organization which hasfostered many significant advances in education throughout the world, chose tomark its twentieth anni- versary with a publication entitledAdvancing Education: School Leadership in Action. How equally appropriate that the respectivePresidents of the CCEA over that twenty years, and three of the Commonwealth'sleading figures in the educational administration field, Bill Walker from Australia,Robin Farquhar from Canada, and Meredydd Hughes from theUK, agreed to edit the publi- cation. It is clear that the editors have taken great care torecruit authors who are not only universityofficers and scholars, directors of majorinstitutions for administrative training and education, heads of schoolsand school systems and senior government and association officials,but also people who are known to be highly knowledgeable, and haveimpressive records of success in the study and practice of educationaladministration and represent a broad cross section of Commonwealthcountries. The volume is published withthe assistance of the Harry Harris Memorial Fund, and itis fitting to note here the contribution to CCEA's development over twenty yearsof successive Execu- tive Directors: John Ewing, Harry Harris, BasilKings and John Weeks. This is a timely, impressive and historic publication and onethat clearly achieves its objectives. Bill Mulford (President, Commonwealth Council for EducationalAdministration) October 1990 vii Preface The Commonwealth Council for Educational Administration (CCEA) was founded in 1970, its prime objective being to further the quality of educational administration through the development of a network of practitioners and scholars in the field. As the chapters in this book by Walker and Weeks clearly show, the growth of the CCEA has been remarkable, educators in all parts of the Commonwealth now being linked through conferences, regional meetings, directories, case studies, journals, travel grants and a host of other activities. Many, though by no means all, of these activities emanate from the CCEA Secretariat in Armidale, Australia. During 1988 the Board of the Council determined thatan appropriate means of marking the CCEA's twentieth anniversary in 1990 would be the publication of a book which would appeal to all withan interest in the administration of schools and school systems, but in particular to practitioners in the field. The Board invited the Council's first three Presidents Bill Walker of Australia, Robin Farquhar of Canada and Meredydd Hughes of the UK to edit such a volume, which was to include contributions from across the length and breadth of the Commonwealth. The editors responded