MISSOURI HISTORICAL REVIEW THE STATE HISTORICAL SOCIETY OF MISSOURI, COLUMBIA THE STATE HISTORICAL SOCIETY OF MISSOURI The State Historical Society of Missouri, heretofore organized under the laws of the State, shall be the trustee of this State-Laws of Missouri, 1899, R.S. of Mo., 1969, chapter 183, as revised 1978. OFFICERS, 1998-2001 LAWRENCE O. CHRISTENSEN, Rolla, President JAMES C. OLSON, Kansas City, First Vice President SHERIDAN A. LOGAN, St. Joseph, Second Vice President VIRGINIA G. YOUNG, Columbia, Third Vice President NOBLE E. CUNNINGHAM, JR., Columbia, Fourth Vice President R. KENNETH ELLIOTT, Liberty, Fifth Vice President ROBERT G. J. HOESTER, Kirkwood, Sixth Vice President ALBERT M. PRICE, Columbia, Treasurer JAMES W. GOODRICH, Columbia, Executive Director, Secretary, and Librarian PERMANENT TRUSTEES FORMER PRESIDENTS OF THE SOCIETY H. RILEY BOCK, New Madrid ROBERT C. SMITH, Columbia LEO J. ROZIER, Perryville Avis G. TUCKER, Warrensburg TRUSTEES, 1997-2000 JOHN K. HULSTON, Springfield ARVARH E. STRICKLAND, Columbia JAMES B. NUTTER, Kansas City BLANCHE M. TOUHILL, St. Louis BOB PRIDDY, Jefferson City HENRY J. WATERS III, Columbia DALE REESMAN, Boonville TRUSTEES, 1998-2001 WALTER ALLEN, Brookfield VIRGINIA LAAS, Joplin CHARLES R. BROWN, St. Louis EMORY MELTON, Cassville VERA F. BURK, Kirksville DOYLE PATTERSON, Kansas City DICK FRANKLIN, Independence JAMES R. REINHARD, Hannibal TRUSTEES, 1999-2002 BRUCE H. BECKETT, Columbia W. GRANT MCMURRAY, Independence CHARLES B. BROWN, Kennett THOMAS L. MILLER, SR., Washington DONNA J. HUSTON, Marshall PHEBE ANN WILLIAMS, Kirkwood JAMES R. MAYO, Bloomfield EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE Eight trustees elected by the board of trustees, together with the president of the Society, consti­ tute the executive committee. The executive director of the Society serves as an ex officio member. LAWRENCE O. CHRISTENSEN, Rolla, Chairman JAMES C. OLSON, Kansas City WALTER ALLEN, Brookfield ROBERT C. SMITH, Columbia BRUCE H. BECKETT, Columbia Avis G. TUCKER, Warrensburg H. RILEY BOCK, New Madrid VIRGINIA G. YOUNG, Columbia DICK FRANKLIN, Independence MISSOURI HISTORICAL REVIEW VOLUME XCIV, NUMBER 4 JULY 2000 JAMES W. GOODRICH LYNN WOLF GENTZLER Editor Associate Editor J. SCOTT PARKER SHANNA WALLACE Information Specialist Information Specialist The MISSOURI HISTORICAL REVIEW (ISSN 0026-6582) is published quarterly by the State Historical Society of Missouri, 1020 Lowry Street, Columbia, MO 65201-7298. Receipt of the MISSOURI HISTORICAL REVIEW is a benefit of membership in the State Historical Society of Missouri. Phone (573) 882-7083; fax (573) 884-4950; e-mail <[email protected]>; web site <www.system.missouri.edu/shs>. Periodicals postage is paid at Columbia, Missouri. POSTMASTERS: Send address changes to MISSOURI HISTORICAL REVIEW, 1020 Lowry Street, Columbia, MO 65201-7298. Copyright © 2000 by The State Historical Society of Missouri COVER DESCRIPTION: Many U.S. government agencies produced posters during World War II, encour­ aging American citizens to support the war effort. A form of propaganda, the posters touched on many facets of wartime life—enlisting in the armed services, using resources sparingly, contributing to scrap drives, and purchasing war bonds, among others. Images such as national monuments, his­ torical heroes, and the flag pointed out "the uniqueness of the country's institutions and its great tra­ dition of freedom and democracy." The U.S. Treasury Department published the poster on the front cover, created by an anonymous artist, in 1944. The final part of "Show Me Missouri History: Celebrating the Century," by Linda Brown-Kubisch and Christine Montgomery, beginning on page 434, opens with the onset of the war. [Cover illustration in the State Historical Society of Missouri's art collection] EDITORIAL POLICY The editors of the Missouri Historical Review welcome submission of articles and documents relating to the history of Missouri. Any aspect of Missouri history will be con­ sidered for publication in the Review. Genealogical studies, however, are not accepted because of limited appeal to general readers. Manuscripts pertaining to all fields of American history will be considered if the subject matter has significant relevance to the history of Missouri or the West. Authors should submit two double-spaced copies of their manuscripts. The footnotes, prepared according to The Chicago Manual of Style, 14th ed., also should be double-spaced and placed at the end of the text. Authors may submit manuscripts on disk, preferably in Microsoft Word. Two hard copies still are required. Originality of subject, general interest of the article, sources used, interpretation, and style are criteria for acceptance and publica­ tion. Manuscripts, exclusive of footnotes, should not exceed 7,500 words. Articles that are accepted for publication become the property of the State Historical Society of Missouri and may not be published elsewhere without permission. The Society does not accept responsi­ bility for statements of fact or opinion made by the authors. Articles published in the Missouri Historical Review are abstracted and indexed in Historical Abstracts, America: History and Life, Recently Published Articles, Writings on American History, The Western Historical Quarterly, and The Journal of American History. Manuscript submissions should be addressed to Dr. James W. Goodrich, Editor, Missouri Historical Review, State Historical Society of Missouri, 1020 Lowry Street, Columbia, MO 65201-7298. BOARD OF EDITORS LAWRENCE O. CHRISTENSEN ALAN R. HAVIG University of Missouri-Rolla Stephens College Columbia WILLIAM E. FOLEY VIRGINIA J. LAAS Central Missouri State University Missouri Southern State College Warrensburg Joplin SUSAN M. HARTMANN DAVID D. MARCH Ohio State University Kirksville Columbus ARVARH E. STRICKLAND University of Missouri-Columbia STATE HISTORICAL SOCIETY OF MISSOURI ANNUAL MEETING WORKSHOPS In conjunction with the 2000 annual meeting on Saturday, October 21, the State Historical Society will offer two workshops to Society members and the public. The Ten Most Endangered Historic Places in Missouri Debbie Sheals, president of the Missouri Alliance for Historic Preservation, will present a slide show about the Alliance's recently released list of the ten most endangered historic places in the state. Modeled after the successful National Trust for Historic Preservation program, the list is designed to highlight threatened historic resources in Missouri and to facili­ tate local preservation efforts. The list includes a diversity of resources found throughout the state, including houses, schools, city halls, and open spaces. Sheals will provide information about the history of the resources, the threats they face, and what has been done to save them. Writing Local History From Public Records Gary Kremer, professor of history at William Woods University, Fulton, will introduce participants to a wide variety of public records available to writers of local history. Although most local historians are familiar with sources such as newspapers, census records, property deeds, and probate files, Kremer's presentation will emphasize reports published by state agen­ cies such as the Department of Transportation, the Department of Agriculture, the Corporations Division, and others. He will describe the information available in these reports and how it can be used in conjunction with more traditional sources in writing local history. The workshops will be held from 9:00 to 10:30 A.M. in the Donald W. Reynolds Alumni and Visitor Center on the University of Missouri-Columbia campus. The registration for each workshop is $10.00, and due to space con­ straints, enrollment will be limited. Membership in the Society is not required. To reserve a place in a workshop send a check made payable to the State Historical Society of Missouri and choice of workshop to: Workshops 2000 The State Historical Society of Missouri 1020 Lowry Street Columbia, MO 65201-7298 Join the State Historical Society to help preserve Missouri's heritage. Founded in 1898, the State Historical Society is the preeminent research facility for the study of the Show Me State's heritage. It is the only statewide historical society in Missouri. The Society has assembled the second-largest specialized research library in the state and the largest collection of state news­ papers in the nation. The Society invites interested individuals to support its mission of col­ lecting, preserving, and making accessible the state's history by becoming a member. Members receive the Society's quarterly journal, the Missouri Historical Review, and the periodic Newsletter. The State Historical Society is a not-for-profit, tax-exempt organization. Gifts of cash and property to the Society are deductible for federal income, estate, and gift tax purposes. Annual individual membership $10.00 Annual contributing membership $25.00 Annual supporting membership $50.00 Annual sustaining membership $100.00 to $499.00 Annual patron membership $500.00 or more Life membership $250.00 To join the Society or to inquire about gifts or bequests contact: James W. Goodrich State Historical Society of Missouri 1020 Lowry Street Columbia, MO 65201-7298 Phone (573) 882-7083 CONTENTS "TITLE PAGE TO A GREAT TRAGIC VOLUME": THE IMPACT OF THE MISSOURI CRISIS ON SLAVERY, RACE, AND REPUBLICANISM IN THE THOUGHT OF JOHN C. CALHOUN AND JOHN QUINCY ADAMS. By Chandra Miller. 365 CALCULATED CONFEDERATE: CLAIBORNE FOX JACKSON AND THE STRATEGY FOR SECESSION IN MISSOURI. By