index Abancay revolt, 169–70 Africa: Ross’s research on, 188. See also abc countries (Argentina, Brazil, Chile), Scramble for Africa 4; in Haring’s historical research, 108, African South Americans, Ross’s racial 126–27, 131–33, 223–25; institutional and generalizations concerning, 193–95 social change in, 67; mediation by, 230–32; Agassiz, Louis, 266n36 Rowe’s discussion of, 59, 136–37, 155–56, agricultural frontiers, 181–82 158; U.S. informal empire and, 212, 216–17. agricultural production: Bowman’s analy sis See also specific countries of, 171–73, 282n10, 284n38; Ross’s research Abdelkader, Emir, 109 on, 196–99 absentee landowners, Ross’s research on, alcohol de pen den cy: debt peonage and 196–99 slavery and, 172–77; Ross’s observations academic freedom, Ross’s research on, 46–47 concerning, 196–97 academic knowledge: cultural engagement Alessandri, Arturo, 122 in South Amer i ca and demand for, 23–24; Alfaro, Ricardo J., 118 evolution of Latin American studies and, Altamira, Rafael, 285n17 33–35; expansionism and, 30–33; Ross’s alterity, imperiality of knowledge and, contributions to sociology and, 187–89, 56–57 205–10; Spanish American universities and, Alvarez Calderón, Alfredo, 121 252–54; U.S. foreign policy and, 28–30 Amazon basin: Bowman’s research in, 44, academic prestige: for Hispanic American 71–72, 162–64, 183; labor exploitation and history, 120–21; imperial visibility and, slavery in, 173–77; limits of colonization 105–33, 252–54 in, 170–73 Acad emy of Hispanic American History, 121 Amer i ca Hispana (Frank), 119 Across South Amer i ca (Bingham), 41, 85 American Acad emy of Po liti cal and Social Act of Chapultepec, 227 Science, 31, 135, 149–50 Adams, Henry Car ter, 280n36 American College of Quito, 21, 265n20 advertising, 80–83, 99, 113–14, 144, 179, 192, American Council of Learned Socie ties, 225, 248, 256, 265n27 Committee on Latin American Studies, 107 Aeronautical Chart Ser vice of the U.S. Air American Empire (Smith), 15, 269n11 Force, 62–63 American Exporter magazine, 24 Downloaded from http://read.dukeupress.edu/books/book/chapter-pdf/669565/9780822374503-014.pdf by guest on 30 September 2021 American Geographic Society, 30, 161, area studies, influence on South American 268n58; Bowman and, 42, 43; mapping of scholarship, 18–20 South Amer i ca by, 5, 11; mapping proj ects Argentina: Bowman’s geo graph i cal re- in Latin Amer i ca and, 62–63 search in, 43–44, 165–67, 181–82, 282n8; American Historical Association, 31, 68–69, economic and po litic al structure of, 120–21 108–9, 280nn32–33; Eu ro pean research Americanization, South American scholar- on, 285n17; federalism in, 10, 49, 135–37, ship and, 10–16 150–54; Haring’s assessment of, 46, 123–27; American Museum of Natu ral History, 99 military coup in, 121–23; in Ross’s re- American Society of International Law, 215 search, 46, 68, 189, 192–94, 199–201, 206, American So cio log i cal Association, 31, 188 286n4; in Rowe’s research, 49–51, 135–36, Amundsen, Roald, 87 141–42, 147–50, 232, 251–52 anarchy, in Haring’s historical research, Argentina and the United States (Haring), 46 115–16 Argentine Confederation, 66 Ancient Civilizations of the Andes (Means), Atacama Desert: Bowman’s research in, 44, 27 71–72, 162–64, 177–86, 237–38, 241–42; Andean nations: archaeological research in, mapping proj ects in, 43, 62–63 7, 19; Bowman’s research in, 44, 71–72, “The Awakening of Bolivia” (Rowe), 134 162–64; comparative history and, 69–70; ayllus (Indian communities), 97–98, 253 mapping proj ects in, 61–63; peasant class in, 197–99; Ross’s research on, 47, Ballivian, Manuel, 253 67–68; Ross’s so cio log i cal research on, Balmaceda, José Manuel, 125 189, 206–8; social anthropology of, 5, 9, Bandelier, Adolphe, 77 267n44; Yale Peruvian Expedition and, bandos, 97 26–28, 60–61 banking industry: cultural engagement in The Andes of Southern Peru (Bowman), 43, South Amer i ca and, 22–24; expansion 167–70, 173–77, 218–19 in South Amer i ca of, 32, 264n15; Spanish Anglo- American history, Hispanic American American re sis tance to, 223–25 history and, 68–70 Barnard, Luther, 267n49 anthropology: expansion of Latin Ameri- Barrett, John, 4, 78, 145, 261n6, 282n6 can studies and, 29, 267n52; Mexico- U.S. Basadre, Jorge, 121 research collaboration in, 26 Belli, Carlos, 98 anti- Americanism: economic imperialism bibliographical proj ects in Latin American and, 221–25; Haring’s research on, 46, 123, studies, 34–35; Bingham’s contributions 222–25, 245; Rowe’s analy sis of, 146– to, 40 47; U.S. hegemony, 63–65, 247–48, 287n14 Big Stick diplomacy, U.S. hegemony in South antiquarians: commerce in antiquities and, Amer i ca and, 6 95–98, 104; conflicts with ype and, 91–95; Billinghurst, Guillermo, 85–87 cultural legacy of, 101–4 Bingham, Hiram, 2, 5, 8, 264n5; colonialism archaeology: armature of scientific conquest and research of, 237–40; commerce in and, 77–80; Bingham’s contributions to, antiquities and, 96–98; explorations of 40–42; commerce in antiquities and, Machu Picchu by, 40–42, 59–61, 75–104, 95–98; in Ec ua dor, 19–20; imperiality of, 269n4; indigenista conflict with, 85–90, 61, 270n3; penetration of U.S. capital and, 215, 251, 253–54; interdisciplinarity in 103–4; Yale Peruvian Expedition and, research of, 70–72; Monroe Doctrine 26–28, 59–60 criticized by, 106, 213–15, 258; Panama Archeological Institute of Amer i ca, 77–78, Canal criticized by, 218; at Pan- American 268n58 Scientific Congress, 25; Peruvian Index 314 Downloaded from http://read.dukeupress.edu/books/book/chapter-pdf/669565/9780822374503-014.pdf by guest on 30 September 2021 intelligent sia conflicts with, 83–90, 215; British imperialism: in Africa, 287n18; promotion of South American research comparative study of empires and, 227–30; by, 26, 243–44, 266nn39–41; scholarly cultural engagement in South Amer i ca legacy of, 39, 99–104, 212, 236–59, 268n3, and, 22–23; in Haring’s historical research, 269n5; transdisciplinary implications in 110–16, 223–25; Rowe’s assessment of, research of, 59–61; transnational research 145; scholarship on South Amer i ca and, and, 52–53 237–40; settler colonies of, 14, 263n26 birth rates, Ross’s discussion of, 191–92 Bryan, William Jennings, 259 Blaine, James G., 3, 36, 261n3 Burgin, Miron, 106 Bolivar, Simón, 41 business expansion in South Amer i ca: Bolivia: agriculture in, 197, 282n9; in Bing- Bowman’s warnings concerning, 183–86; ham’s research, 41; in Bowman’s research, Haring’s analy sis of, 222–25; regional 44, 165–67, 172–73; ethnological research knowledge production and, 22–24; Ross’s in, 77; gold smuggling through, rumors of, criticism of, 192, 285nn7–8; Rowe’s analy- 94–95; military coup in, 121–23; mining in- sis of, 145–50; scholarship and research dustry in, 79–80; in Ross’s research, 48, 189, on, 28–30, 70–72; in South Amer i ca, 192, 197–99, 206; in Rowe’s research, 142–43; 30–33; Summer Round Tables on Latin Yale Peruvian Expedition and, 87–91 Amer i ca and, 117–20; U.S. hegemony and, Bolton, Eugene, 68–70 63–65, 287n14; Yale Peruvian Expedition Bolton, Herbert, 68–70 and, 79–80, 100–104 border disputes, mapping proj ects in Latin Amer i ca and, 62–63 Calancha, Antonio de la, 42 Bowman, Isaiah, 2, 5, 8, 10, 15; colonialism Canal Zone, creation of, 48, 214, 231–32 and research of, 170–73, 237–40; on com- capital penetration in South Amer i ca: mercial and capital penetration in South archaeological research and, 103–4; in Amer i ca, 218, 246–48; comprehensive Atacama desert, 178–82; expansion of, visibility and work of, 164–67; desertic 31–33; Rowe’s criticism of, 221; scholarly research of, 44, 71–72, 162–64, 177–82; absolution of, 220–21; Yale Peruvian Expe- geographic research in South Amer i ca by, dition and, 78–80 42–44, 241–42; informal empire theory Ca rib bean region: economic international- of, 225–27; interdisciplinarity in research ism in, 63–65; Haring’s opposition to U.S. of, 70–73; labor exploitation and slavery in imperialism in, 45, 115–17, 224, 229–30, work of, 173–77, 195; local encounters and 248–49; piracy in, 106; Rowe’s criticism research of, 249–54; Machu Picchu explo- of U.S. policy in, 135, 140–41, 150, 221; U.S. rations by, 41–42, 60; mapping proj ects in hegemony in, 58–59, 65–67, 211, 215, 270n6 Latin Amer i ca and, 61–63, 73; scholarly Car ne gie, Andrew, 269n18 legacy of, 39, 160–64, 182–86, 212, 236–59; Carranza, Venustiano, 49 on subalternity and economic pro gress, cartographic analy sis, Bowman’s contribu- 173–77; transnational research and, 52–53; tions to, 161–64 view of South Amer i ca, 160–86; Yale Peru- Casa de Contratación, 111, 239, 243 vian Expedition and, 26–28, 43, 79–80, 83 Castro, Fidel, 34 Braden Com pany, 79, 180 “The Causes of Race Superiority” (Ross), 190 Brandt, Anthony, 40 cédulas, 97 Brazil: in Bowman’s research, 165–67, 182, Central Amer i ca: corporate expansionism in, 282n7; geography of, 30, 264n9; in Har- 31–32; Haring’s criticism of U.S. interven- ing’s research, 46, 107, 123–27; historical tion in, 107, 224, 229–30; U.S. hegemony research in, 27, 266n36; military coup in, in, 20–21, 211, 215.