Funded by the European Union Mapping ENI SPCs migrants in the Euro-Mediterranean region: An inventory of statistical sources 1 International Centre for Migration Policy Development (ICMPD) Gonzagagasse 1 1010 Vienna, Austria ICMPD Regional Coordination Office for the Mediterranean Development House 4A, St Ann Street FRN9010 Floriana Malta www.icmpd.org Written by: Françoise de Bel-Air ICMPD Team: Alexis McLean Suggested Citation: ICMPD (2020), Mapping ENI SPCs migrants in the Euro-Mediterra- nean region: An inventory of statistical sources, Vienna: ICMPD. This publication was produced in the framework of the EUROMED Migration IV (EMM4) programme. EMM4 is an EU-funded initiative implemented by the International Centre for Migration Policy Development (ICMPD). www.icmpd.org/emm4 The present study includes active links to sources and references that are accessible online. Readers are strongly encouraged to consult the study’s soft version to access all links made available. © European Union, 2020 The information and views set out in this study are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the official opinion of the European Union. Neither the European Union institutions and bodies nor any person acting on their behalf may be held responsible for the use which may be made of the information contained therein. Design: Pietro Bruni - [email protected] 2 Contents Introduction ............................................................................................................................................................7 Part 1. Expatriates from ENI-SPCs in the Euro-Mediterranean region: numbers, characteristics and implications for connecting with emigrants. .............................................................................................9 1. Distribution and characteristics of ENI-SPCs abroad .........................................................................................9 Migrants from SPCs worldwide: where do they migrate? ...................................................................................9 Flows of immigration from SPCs to Europe .....................................................................................................10 Sociodemographic profile of SPCs migrants in Europe ....................................................................................12 2. Challenges and opportunities of existing statistics to map Arab migrants abroad: Implications for origin countries’ outreach to their expatriates .......................................................................21 a. The definition of an expatriate, or migrant. .......................................................................................21 b. Sending vs. receiving countries’ statistics ........................................................................................22 c. Definition of citizenship ....................................................................................................................22 d. Possible pitfalls of key data resources on migrants abroad: a synthesis .........................................23 Part 2. Expatriates from ENI-SPCs in the Euro-Mediterranean region: Institutions and statistical sources on emigration and return migration .................................................................................................25 1. International Sources .......................................................................................................................................25 a. STOCK DATA: Numbers of emigrants from ENI-SPCs abroad ...........................................................25 b. STOCK and FLOW data: stocks of ENI-SPC expatriates and their inflows to destination countries ..27 2. Think tanks and academic sources ..................................................................................................................31 3. Domestic Sources in ENI-SPCs ........................................................................................................................36 ALGERIA......................................................................................................................................................37 STOCK data:......................................................................................................................................... 37 Algerian emigrants abroad and stocks of returnees in Algeria ............................................................. 37 FLOW data: .......................................................................................................................................... 37 Outflows and inflows of Algerian nationals .......................................................................................... 37 STOCK data:......................................................................................................................................... 38 Foreign immigrants in Algeria .............................................................................................................. 38 FLOW data: ......................................................................................................................................... 39 Inflows and outflows of foreign nationals to and from Algeria ............................................................ 39 EGYPT .........................................................................................................................................................40 STOCK data:......................................................................................................................................... 40 Egyptian emigrants abroad and stocks of returnees in Egypt .............................................................. 40 FLOW data: ......................................................................................................................................... 41 Outflows and inflows of Egyptian nationals ......................................................................................... 42 STOCK data:......................................................................................................................................... 42 Foreign immigrants in Egypt ................................................................................................................ 42 FLOW data: ......................................................................................................................................... 43 Inflows and outflows of foreign nationals to and from Egypt .............................................................. 43 JORDAN ......................................................................................................................................................44 STOCK data:......................................................................................................................................... 44 Jordanian emigrants abroad and stocks of returnees in Jordan .......................................................... 44 FLOW data: Outflows and inflows of Jordanian nationals across Jordan’s borders ............................. 46 STOCK data:......................................................................................................................................... 47 Foreign immigrants in Jordan .............................................................................................................. 47 FLOW data: Inflows and outflows of foreign nationals to and from Jordan .....................................49 LEBANON ...................................................................................................................................................50 STOCK data: Lebanese emigrants abroad and stocks of returnees in Lebanon .................................... 50 FLOW data: .......................................................................................................................................... 51 Outflows and inflows of Lebanese nationals across Lebanon’s borders .............................................. 51 STOCK data: ........................................................................................................................................ 52 Foreign immigrants in Lebanon ........................................................................................................... 52 FLOW data: ......................................................................................................................................... 53 inflows and outflows of foreign nationals to and from Lebanon .................................................................... 53 MOROCCO ...................................................................................................................................................50 STOCK data:......................................................................................................................................... 54 Moroccan emigrants abroad and stocks of returnees in Morocco ........................................................ 54 FLOW data: ......................................................................................................................................... 56 Outflows and inflows of Moroccan nationals ....................................................................................... 56 3 STOCK data:........................................................................................................................................