Mediterranean Electoral Observatory Appendices This chapter provides details of the Spain Senate results of presidential and legislative Legislative elections elections that took place in 2019 in Parties % Seats independent states, presented in cir- 28 April 2019 Spanish Socialist Workers’ cum-Mediterranean order. The list also Previous elections: 26 June 2016 Party (PSOE) (social 53.01 123 democracy) includes referenda and those elections Spain is a parliamentary monarchy. It has Mediterranean Electoral Observatory People’s Party (PP) held in autonomous entities or in any a bicameral legislative system (Cortes 27.44 54 (conservatism) other relevant territory that are of par- Generales) composed of the Congress Republican Left of ticular political significance. of Deputies and the Senate. Elections are Catalonia (ERC - regional 4.89 11 held to renew both bodies to serve four- independentist) Ciudadanos (C’s) year terms. 350 members are designated 3.76 4 (conservative liberalism) Portugal to the first chamber through proportional Basque Nacionalist Party 3.76 9 Legislative elections representation system, closed-party lists Together for Catalonia and a 3% threshold. The second cham- (JxCat - regional 2.26 2 6 October 2019 ber counts 259 seats and they are allo- independentist) Previous elections: 4 October 2015 cated as follows: 208 directly elected in Sum Navarre 1.13 3 (NA+ conservatism) Portugal is a parliamentary republic. It four-seat constituencies and 51 appoint- 409 Basque Country Unite has a unicameral legislative system, ed by the autonomous legislatures. 0.75 1 (left wing - nationalism) where the Assembly of the Republic Gomera Socialist Group 0.38 1 (Assembleia da República) counts with Congress of Deputies (ASG) 230 seats to serve four-year terms. The Turnout: 71.32% deputies are elected through a party-list Parties % Seats proportional representation system. Spanish Socialist Workers’ Legislative elections Among deputies, two of them represent Party (PSOE) (social 28.67 123 democracy) the Portuguese diaspora living abroad 10 November 2019 People’s Party (PP) 16.69 66 Previous elections: 28 April 2019 in Europe and the other two represent (conservatism) those citizens living outside Europe. Ciudadanos (C’s) 15.86 57 There is no established threshold. (conservative liberalism) Congress of Deputies United We Can - In Common 14.32 42 We Can (left wing) Parties % Seats Parties % Seats VOX (far right) 10.26 24 Socialist Party (PS) Spanish Socialist Workers’ 36.35 108 (social democracy) Republican Left of Catalonia Party (PSOE) (social 28.00 120 (ERC - regional 3.91 15 democracy) Social Democratic Party 27.77 79 independentist) (PPD/PSD) (conservatism) People’s Party (PP) Together for Catalonia 20.81 89 Left Bloc (BE) (left wing) 9.52 19 (conservatism) (JxCat - regional 1.91 7 2020 Unitary Democratic Coalition independentist) VOX (far right) 15.08 52 6.34 12 (PCP-PEV) (left wing) Basque Nacionalist Party United We Can - In Common 1.51 6 12.86 35 CDS-People’s Party (Basque nationalism) We Can (left wing) (CDS-PP) (christian 4.22 5 Basque Country Unite Ciudadanos (C’s) 0.99 4 6.80 10 democratic, conservatism) (left wing - nationalism) (conservative liberalism) People - Animals - Nature Canary Coalition Republican Left of 3.32 4 0.53 2 (PAN) (single-issue) (regionalism) Catalonia (ERC - regional 3.63 13 independentist) Chega (populism - Sum Navarre 1.29 1 0.41 2 nationalism) (NA+ conservatism) Together for Catalonia (JxCat 2.19 8 Mediterranean Yearbook - regional independentist) Liberal Initiative (liberalism) 1.29 1 Regionalist Party of Cantabria 0.2 1 Livre (eco-socialism) 1.09 1 (PRC regionalism) Basque Nacionalist Party 1.56 6 Med. (Basque nationalism) Turnout: 48.6% Turnout: 71.76% IE Basque Country Unite Croatia 1.14 5 Parties % Seats (left wing - nationalism) Presidential elections Self-Determination More Country (left wing) 2.40 3 Movement (LV) 26.27 29 Popular Unity 22 December 2019 (first round), and (nationalism) Candidacy - For Rupture 1.02 2 Appendices Democratic League of (CUP–PR, far left) 05 January 2020 (second round) Kosovo (LDK) 24.55 28 Canary Coalition Previous elections: 28 December 2014 0.51 2 conservatism) (regionalism) (first round), and 11 January 2015 (sec- Democratic Party of Sum Navarre (NA + 0.41 2 ond round) Kosovo (PDK) 21.23 24 conservatism) Croatia is a parliamentary republic. The (liberalism) Galician Nationalist Bloc 0.50 1 (BNG) president is elected by absolute major- 100 % Kosovo (Alliance for the Future of Kosovo Regionalist Party of Cantabria ity vote through a two-round system to 0.28 1 (AAK) (conservatism); 11.51 13 (PRC regionalism) serve five-year term. Social Democratic Party Teruel Exists (¡Teruel Existe!) 0.08 1 of Kosovo (PSD)) Turnout: 66.23% Candidates % 1st % 2nd Serbian List (SL) (Minority round round interests, Serbian 6.40 10 Senate nationalism) Zoran Milanović, Social 29.55 52.66 democratic Party NISMA (Social democracy) Parties % Seats - AKR (liberal) - PD 5.00 6 Kolinda Grabar-Kitarovic, (conservatism) Spanish Socialist Workers’ independent (HDZ) 26.65 47.34 Party (PSOE) (social 41.51 93 (conservatism) Vakat Coalition (Bosnian Mediterranean Electoral Observatory 0.84 2 democracy) minority) Miroslav Škoro, People’s Party (PP) 24.45 Turkish Democratic Party of 36.98 83 independent 0.81 2 (conservatism) Kosovo (Turkish minority) Mislav Kolakušić, 5.88 Republican Left of independent Other Minority Parties 1.90 6 Catalonia (ERC - regional 4.91 11 Dario Juričan, Turnout: 44.59% independentist) 4.61 independent Basque Nacionalist Party 3.77 9 Turnout: 51.18% (first round) and 54.99% (second round) Together for Catalonia (JxCat - regional 1.89 3 North Macedonia independentist) Presidential elections VOX (far right) 1.13 2 Kosovo under UN Security Sum Navarre (NA+ 1.13 3 Council Resolution 1244 21 April 2019 (first round) and 5 May conservatism) 410 Legislative elections Teruel Exists (¡Teruel Existe!) 0.75 2 2019 (second round) Basque Country Unite Previous elections: 13 and 27 April 0.75 1 (left wing- nationalism) 11 June 2017 2014 Gomera Socialist Group Previous elections: 8 June 2014 0.38 1 The Republic of North Macedonia is a (ASG) Kosovo under UN Security Council parliamentary republic. The President Turnout: 65.91% Resolution 1244 is a parliamentary is elected by absolute majority vote republic. It has a unicameral legislative through a two-round system to serve system (Kuvendi i Kosovës) with 120 Andorra five-year term. The constitution estab- seats elected through an open-list pro- Legislative elections lishes that a candidate must achieve portional representation system to support from the majority of registered 7 April 2019 serve four-year term. 10 of those dep- voters in a first round, or a second round Previous elections: 1 March 2015 uties are elected by the Serbian com- between the two top candidates would Andorra is a parliamentary republic. It munity and another 10 by other minori- be organized. has a unicameral legislative system ties. A 5% threshold is established for (Consell General de les Valls) counting political parties representing the Alba- Candidates % 1st % 2nd with 28 seats and allocated as follows: nian majority, and no threshold for the round round 14 members are elected from the seven minorities. Stevo Pendarovski, Social two-member constituencies, and 14 are Democratic Union of Macedonia (SDSM) 44.75 53.58 2020 elected by proportional representation (social democracy, third on a national basis. way) Gordana Siljanovska- Proportional Constituencies Total Davkova, Democratic Party for Macedonian Parties % Seats Seats Seats 44.16 46.42 National Unity Democrats for Andorra (DA) 35.13 6 5 11 (VMRO-DPMNE) Social-Democratic Party (PS) 30.62 5 2 7 (conservatism) Liberal Party of Andorra (LA) 12.48 2 2 4 Blerim Reka, Mediterranean Yearbook 11.08 Third Way - Lauredian Union 10.42 2 2 4 (independent) Committed Citizens 2 2 Turnout: 41.67% (1st round) and 46.65% (2nd round) Med. Med. Turnout: 68.33% IE Greece 17 September 2019 through a closed-list proportional repre- Legislative elections Previous elections: 9 April 2019 sentation system. There is no threshold. 7 July 2019 Parties % Seats Parties % Seats Previous elections: 25 September 2015 Blue & White (centrist, liberal) 25.95 33 Ennahdha Renaissance Appendices Greece is a parliamentary republic with a Likud (right wing) 25.10 32 Party (islamism, 19.63 52 conservatism) unicameral legislature. The chamber Joint List (Arab parties) 10.60 13 Heart of Tunisia 14.55 38 (Vouli ton Ellinon) counts 300 members. Shas (religious, right wing) 7.44 9 (bourguibism, populism) Candidates are elected through a pro- Yisrael Beiteinu (right wing) 6.99 8 Free Destourian Party portional representation system to serve United Torah Judaism (bourguibism, 6.63 17 6.06 7 secularism) a four-year term. There are 56 constituen- (religious, right wing) Democratic Current Yamina (right wing) 5.87 7 6.42 22 cies for 288 seats and one multi-member (pan-arabism) Labor-Gesher 4.80 6 nationwide constituency for 12 seats. The Dignity Coalition 5.94 21 Democratic Union 4.34 5 first party in seats is awarded 50 more People’s Movement 4.53 15 seats. A 3% threshold is established. Turnout: 69.83% (secularism, socialism) Tahya Tounes (liberalism) 4.08 14 Republican People’s Union Parties % Seats 2.10 3 Egypt (néo-bourguibisme) New Democracy (ND) 39.85 158 (conservatism) Referendum Aïch Tounsi (Populism) 1.62 1 Tunisian Alternative Mediterranean Electoral Observatory Coalition of the Radical 1.61 3 31.53 86 (centrism, liberalism) Left (SYRIZA) 14 January 2014 Tunisian Aspiration Movement for Change The referendum was promoted by the 1.54 2 8.10 22 (secularism, liberalism) (PASOK: KIDISIO) acting President, proposing to amend Call to Tunisia (NT) Communist Party of 5.30 15 the constitution. Article 140 is amended (secularism, social 1.51 3 Greece (KKE) to lengthen the presidential term from democracy) Greek Solution (ultra - Machrouu Tounes 3.70 10 four to six years and article 241 chang- 1.43 4 nationalism) (bourguibism, secularism) es to lengthen el-Sisi’s current term and MeRA25 (left wing) 3.44 9 Popular Front (FP) 1.13 1 Turnout: 57.91% allow him to stand for an additional term (secularism, socialism) in office.