Lone Star Chemistry Soluons Lone Star Chemistry Soluons iBook: hps://itunes.apple.com/us/book/lone-star-chemistry-soluons/id635036317?mt=11 What Startd in Texas # Has Changed te World# Part III Emeritus College Spring 2015 Diana Mason, PhD, ACSF (rered) Professor Emeritus, Department of Chemistry University of North Texas April 21, 2015 Schedule • April 14: Texas on the World’s Stage • April 16: Early Statehood • April 21: Soluons & to the Moon (Celebraon!) • April 23: Texas Today 2015 Texas Week: March 1-7 Therefore, be it resolved, that the Senate of Texas, the House of Representatives concurring therein, does here and now approve this Resolution and set apart annually the entire week in which March the Second comes as a season to be known as Texas Week! Today: 18 minutes that changed the World! Uniquely Texas Soluons • Crazy Water—Mineral Wells • Dr Pepper—Waco • Big Red—Waco • Gatorade • Beer Breweries – Lone Star, San Antonio – Shiner, Shiner – Rahr, Fort Worth • Wineries (275+) • Texas Vodkas (20+) • Blue Bell Ice Cream (frozen colloidal suspension!) 18. Braggin’ or True? Texan Saves Wine Industry in France! • In 1880: vineyards of France on the verge of destrucon due to phylloxera root louse – Greatest effect in Charante Region (Cognac) – economic disaster looming • French scienst Pierre Viala chosen to find a cure – led him to Denison, Texas and scienst Thomas Volney Munson • First aempt in Missouri had failed a few year before! Grayson Co. • These sciensts studied the nave grapes of Texas Thomas Munson – Soils very similar (1843-1913) – Munson knew the Texas rootstocks were resistant to phylloxera Born: Illinois – Munson suggested that the only way to save the French vineyards was to Died: Denison gra the Texas rootstocks with the French vines. – Graing connues to this day Munson received awards from the French Chevalier du Merite Agricule Highest award that could be given to a foreign civilian 1888: Munson inducted into the French Legion of Honor To commemorate the award: Centennial Celebraon was held in Cognac and Denison in 1988! Texas Wine Les Constable, winemaker, is experimenng with 36 different vines in Alvord (just north of Decatur) at Brushy Creek Vineyards. Texas Red Grapes Alvord Texas is home to over 275 wineries (2014) Over 11,000 jobs Economy: $1.8 billion (2012) 1.2 million cases produced per year Naonal Beer of Texas • Lone Star Brewery founded by Adolphus Busch was built in 1890s in San Antonio • Producon is currently contract to Miller Brewing Company in Fort Worth • Slogan: “Long Live Longnecks” Shiner Beer • Spoetzl Brewery is located in Shiner • Oldest independent brewery in Texas • Founded in 1909 Shiner • Available in 35 states—and everywhere in Texas! Rahr & Sons Brewing Co. • Founded in the fall of 2004 • Locaon: south side of Fort Worth • Fritz Rahr (owner) graduated from Texas Chrisan University • 15 naonally-recognized awards! 19. Braggin’ or True? • The first Dr. Pepper (had a period aer the Dr!) was served around 1885 (U.S. Patent Office recognizes December 1, 1885 as the first date served preceding the introducon of Coca-Cola by one year) • DP was first naonally marketed in 1904 at the Louisiana Purchase Exposion at the World's Fair in St. Louis. • Two types— – Dublin Dr Pepper (from Dublin and now Temple, TX) sll made with sucrose • Texas original Imperial Pure Cane Sugar (1843) – ”Regular" Dr Pepper made with high-fructose corn syrup • The Dublin Dr Pepper Bole Company (since 1891-2011) was "The Oldest Dr Pepper Boling Plant in the World! A True Texas Original!” • Dr Pepper Museum – Located in the Artesian Manufacturing and Boling Company building in downtown Waco, Texas – Opened to the public in 1991 Big Red • Grover Cleveland Thomsen was a Danish- American chemist who co-invented Big Red soda with his coworker, R. H. Roark. – worked for Perfecon Barber and Beauty Supply in Waco when they began making flavoring extracts. • Originally called Sun Tang Cream Soda in 1937 • Given name, Big Red, by two San Antonio caddies in 1969. Diet Dr Pepper • Diet Dr Pepper sweetened with aspartame – arficial sweetener that contains phenylalanine – should be avoid by PKU (phenylketonuria) paents • Screening for PKU began in Texas in 1965 – Developed by Robert Guthrie, MD, PhD at The University of Texas Medical Branch in Galveston. Logo since 2009 Logo 1973 - 2009 Gatorade • Inventor, James Robert Cade (1927-2007) – 4th generaon Texan! – Born in San Antonio, TX – B.S., The University of Texas at Ausn, 1950 – M.D., Southwestern Medical, 1954 – Professor of medicine and nephrology, University of Florida 20. Braggin’ or True? Mineral Wells, TX Mineral Wells, Palo Pinto and Parker Counes • Texas has the second most number of mineral springs of any state, trailing only Wyoming, but only one natural lake (Caddo)! • Story: Mr. Lynch le his home in Denison with his wife and 9 children in search for a drier climate for his wife who had rheumasm and a family that was in poor health. – Tragedy struck along the way; forced to stop in Mineral Wells • Afraid to drink the water because of the funny smell – Aer tasng, the Lynch’s began drinking the well water. – Mrs. Lynch's rheumasm subsided and Mr. Lynch, once frail and gaunt, began pung on some weight and the other ailments of the family were improved. • News spread – Mr. Lynch started selling his water for a nickel a quart. Baker Hotel • Mineral Wells became world famous in the 1880s for its “Crazy Water”. • The early promoters credited the water’s medicinal agents—primarily calcium, magnesium, and sulfate—with the power to relieve or cure, dyspepsia, neuralgia, sore eyes, paralysis, insomnia, liver and kidney problems, rheumasm, scrofula (TB of neck), and impropriees of the blood. Crazy Water • In 1993 Gene Fowler reported in Texas Highways magazine (p 93), that there is a significant amount of lithium found in some of the town’s wells, indicang that the Crazy Water story may weave a few facts into the folklore. • Reported lithium content of "Crazy Water" No. 4 (the full- bodied mineral water) is 0.17 mg/L. lithium citrate Lithium Compounds • Psychiatric medicaon – mood-stabilizers – treatment of depression, parcularly prevenng mania – treatment of bipolar disorders • Lithium becomes widely distributed in the central nervous system and interacts with a number of neurotransmiers and receptors, decreasing norepinephrine (noradrenaline) release and increasing serotonin synthesis. WW II “Give me an army of West Point graduates and I’ll win the bale. Give me a handful of Texas Aggies, and I’ll win the war.” −−General George S. Paon 21. Braggin’ or True? President Eisenhower Recognized Nave Texan Dwight D. Eisenhower recognized in London as the Eisenhower was born in Supreme Allied Commander of WW II, Denison. 1944-1945 Belle of Texas • December 1943 • Belle of Texas, a B-24 bomber – Pilot Charlie Prae • First plane to land with parachutes improvised as brakes – Last combat mission Baleship TEXAS Naonal Historical Landmark • Oldest remaining dreadnought baleship (launched 1912). • First baleship memorial museum (1948-present) in U.S. – April 21, 1948 (112th anniversary of Texas Independence) the TEXAS was presented to the State of Texas and commissioned as the flagship of the Texas Navy. • Currently anchored on the Buffalo Bayou in the Houston Ship Channel as the last and oldest baleship afloat that served in both WW I and II from 1914 to 1948. – Only U.S. baleship to see combat in Europe (Normandy Landings), African (North African campaign), and the Pacific (Iwo Jima and Okinawa). • Firsts: – Mount an-aircra guns – Control gunfire with directors and range-keepers (analog forerunners to today's computers) – Launch aircra – In February 1941, hosted the founding of the U.S. 1st Marine Division – Walter Cronkite, onboard the Baleship Texas issued the first uncensored news reports on Operaon Torch that launched his career as a war correspondent. • In 2006 she appeared as herself in two movies – Flags of Our Fathers – Leers from Iwo Jima Audie Murphy • Most decorated American combat soldier of WW II 33 awards and medals including: – Disnguished Service Cross – 3 Purple Hearts – One Medal of Honor – French Legion of Honor • Born in Kingston, TX (10 mi north Greenville) • Enlisted in the army (denied by Navy, Marines!) 10 days aer his 18th birthday • Movie actor: To Hell and Back (1955) • Died in a plane crash in 1971, Virginia Birthplace, outside Kingston Far right: Audie Murphy Museum Middle: Audie Murphy Memorial Greenville, TX Below: Celeste, TX, boyhood Farmersville, TX home Hunt Co. Greenville Collin Co. Audie Murphy Memorial Holtzwihr Member of the French Legion of Honor USS West Virginia Doris “Dorie” Miller Messman Third Class with Navy Cross (third highest honor) First African American to receive the Navy Cross • Born in Waco, TX • October 12, 1919-November 24, 1943 • Noted for his bravery during the aack on Pearl Harbor • KIA when the USS Liscome Bay was sunk by a Japanese submarine during the Bale of Makin • Recognized as one of the "first U.S. heroes of World War II” • Mess Aendant First Class • In 2014, VA Hospital in Waco named for Miller Harlon Block • Marine Corporal Block planted the U.S. Flag at the Bale of Iwo Jima – Born in Yorktown, TX February 23 • Originally buried on Iwo Jima (1945), re-interred in Weslaco (1949) and now buried at the Marine Military Academy (1995) in Harlingen Yorktown Lost Baalion • Baalion of 1,011 men aboard the Cruiser USS Houston launched in 1929 USS Houston (CA-30) only 368 reached Sunk in 1942 (Bale of Sunda Strait) shore along with another 190 survivors from other vessels the day aer what is named the "Bale of the Java Sea” it sank. • Survivors of the 2nd Baalion, 131st Field Flag from USS Houston Arllery, 36th Division (Texas Naonal Guard) on the Houston (CA-30), a convoy escort vessel, have become known as the "Texas Lost Baalion.” • Memorabilia housed in Decatur at the Heritage Museum First U.S.