Recent Timeline of Coral Reef Management in Guam Developed in Partnership with Guam J-CAT Disclaimer The EPA Declares the Military's The purpose of this timeline is to present a simplifying visual- Expansion Policy "Environmentally Unsatisfactory" and Halts Develop- ment ization of the events that may have inucend the development The US recently proposed plans to expand US Return to Liberate Guam as a military operations in Guam, by adding a new Military Stronghold base, airfield, and facilities to support 80,000 of capacity to manage coral reefs in Guam over time. 1944 new residents. Dredging the port alone will require moving 300,000 square meters of During the occupation, the people of Guam GUAM-Air Force Begins Urunao coral reef. In February 2010, the U.S. Envi- were subjected to acts that included torture, US Military buildup in Guam is Dump Site ronmental Protection Agency rated the plan beheadings and rape, and were forced to as "Environmentally Unsatisfactory" and reduced Air Force begins cleanup of the formerly used adopt the Japanese culture. Guam was suggested revisions to upgrade wastewater The investment price decreased from $10.27 Urunao dumpsite at Andersen Air Force Base By its nature, it is incomplete. For example, the start date is subject to fierce fighting when U.S. troops treatment systems and lessen the proposed billion to 8.6 billion; marine transfers on the northern end of Guam. recaptured the island on July 21, 1944, a date port's impact on the reef. decreased from 8600 to 5000 commemorated every year as Liberation Day. 2007 somewhat arbitrary and therefore does not include events re- 2010 2012 1898 1941 1972 2006 2009 US Develops a Naval Base on Japanese Troops Invade and Over- Final Japanese Soldier Surrenders Largest Military Exercise in 8,000 US Marines Move to Guam lating to coral reef management that have occured prior. February 17; In Japan, US Secretary of State Guam run Guam January 24; In Guam Shoichi Yokoi (d.1997 at Decades Occurs off of Guam Hillary Rodham Clinton warned North Korea Just three days after the attack on Pearl 82), a WWII Japanese soldier, was found by against following through on a threatened Harbor, on December 10, Japanese troops hunters near the Talofofo River. He had missile launch, saying it would damage its invaded the Filipino island of Luzon and survived since 1944 in adherence to his army prospects for improved relations with the overran Guam. code of never surrendering. Yokoi returned to United States and the world. Clinton also Japan as a national hero: "It is with much Furthermore, it is inteded as a living document that we hope signed an agreement with Japan that will embarrassment that I return." Guam Falls to an Overwhelming move 8,000 Marines off the southern Japa- Japanese Force nese island of Okinawa to the US territory of will continue to evolve and improve as past events are added, December 18, Defended by 610 fighting men, Guam. the American-held island of Guam fell to more than 5,000 Japanese invaders in a three-hour existing events are reinterpreted and future events included. battle. Studies on the Biology of the Reef Guam's Reefs and Beaches Part II: While the primary inteded use of this was to help inform a coral Fishes of Guam, Technical Report Transect Studies, Technical Report No. 49 No. 48; A two-part study of the distribution of fish and A continuation of the investigation of Guam's reef capacity needs assessment we conducted in 2012, we be- Nearshore Currents and Coral A Marine Biological Survey at the other marine life at selected sites. Part I - reefs and beaches initiated in May 1976 and Reef Ecology of the West Coast of Proposed Umatac Sewer Outfall Distribution of Fishes of the Reef Flat on published as an "Atlas of Reefs and Beaches Guam, Mariana Islands Site, Marine Laboratory Environ- Guam and Part II - Distribution of the Eggs of Guam". The transect studies constitute the lieve the visualization of events can be used in the future to im- and Larvae of Fishes at Selected Sites on first part of a second phase of reef investiga- Nearshore currents at select locations on the mental Survey Report No. 15; Guam. tions which encompass more intensive West Coast if Guam are described. The A biological survey along the proposed outfall regional studies. This report provides general rpvoe a collective understanding of coral reef management, plants and animals attached to the shallow route and in the immediate area of the outfall information on the coastal region, including coral reefs at eight stations, each ten meters diffuser, including a zonal analysis of the reef mangrove swamps, river mouths, and estuar- by ten meters in area, are described and corals, fishes, benthic algae, and dominant ies. Data were collected from transects in five serve other educational purposes, and illustrate the impor- illustrated by photos and photo mosaics. macroinvertebrates, and a quantitative bays (Tumon, Agana, Agat, Fouha, and Ylig), evaluation of the persent of substrate covered Nearshore Currents and Coral and consists of the quantitative distribution Biological and Chemical Survey of by reef corals and density values for the and community structure analyses of benthic Reef Ecology of the West Coast of tance of investing in capcaity to manage oral reefs into the dominant coral species. it provides a vertical organisms, including corals, algae, and other the Lower Pago River, Estuary, Guam, Mariana Islands depth and zonation profile along the proposed macroinvertebrates. Near-Shore Reef Channel and This report investigates the nearshore outfall route to the 60 foot depth level. A Adjacent Inner Reef Flat, Pago future. currents and coral reef ecology of the West statement is given as to the probable effect of Guam's Reefs and Beaches Part II: Bay, Guam, Technical Report No. Coast of Guam to assist in planning the the sewage effluent on the biological environ- locations of proposed sewer outfalls. Ana- ment. Sedimentation Studies at Fouha 109 lyzes the various locations to determine the Bay and Ylig Bay, Technical Report This report presents the results of an environ- level of sewage treatment required to prevent Coastal Survey of Guam, Technical No. 47 ment assessment conducted over a five toxic levels of pollution on the beaches of Report No. 14, University of Guam Analyzes the results of sedimentation studies month period in 2004 during the dry months of May and early June and the wet months of We value your input to the timeline and encourage you to con- Guam and ecological damage to the A general assessment of the major structural conducted at the mouths of two rivers. August and September along the lower 1 km surrounding coral reefs. elements comprising the environment of the Assesses the impact of terrestrial run-off Pago River, and its estuary, and in the coastal regions of Guam. In assessing these sedimentation on the diversity of corals within remnant of the near-shore reef channel and tact us at [email protected] with any suggestions you elements, the following specific items are offshore reef communities. Develops data on the adjacent inner reef flats within Pago included: major vegetation zones; rivers, that can be used to establish performance Bay, municipalities of Chalan Pago and Yona, estuaries; bays; beaches and other coastal standards for allowable sedimentation rates in Guam. The biological and chemical surveys might have to improve it. areas of unconsolidated materials; rocky reef environments. of the above identified area are of special coastlines; reef zones, water masses and Preliminary Summary of the Man- interest because of: 1) the area at and circulation patterns; climatic zones; geology agement and Development of adjacent to the Pago River serves as a sink and soil types; development areas and use Atlas of the Reefs and Beaches of Harvesting Aquarium Fish on Report on the Marine Benthic for leachates from the Ordot Dump, effluent patterns; and areas of rare or unique animals Guam Guam Algae and Coral Communities at from construction projects and sewage waste and plants. These items are discussed in a Provides baseline information on Guam's Investigates the harvesting of the smaller Nine Biological Stations Around from leaching fields along the Lonfit-Si- For the latest electronic version of the timeline, systematic way around the island and are coastal region by detailed coastal mapping of species of reef fish by commercial and private gua-Pago River system; 2) baseline ecologi- Revision of the Guam Global augmented by illustrations, maps, charts, Guam the beaches, rocky shorelines, mangrove aquarium interests. This report discusses cal information on the inner reef flat, near- tables, and photographs. In the assessment Climate Change and Reef Resil- swamps, river mouth areas and upstream current harvesting practices and legal regula- Guam: Paradise Lost for Wildlife shore reef channel, estuary and the lower please use the QR code below of the major structural elements, areas where ience LAS navigated areas, and reef-flat platforms. Also tions, recommends management policy, and Baseline Marine Environmental Pago River is scarce and additional biological knowledge is weak or lacking are pointed out. Discusses wildlife problems on the island of maps the general distribution of corals, sea purpose revised regulations. Surveys for the East and West and chemical data will be useful, if either the Special attention is given to the following: the Thermal Simulation Experiments, Guam. This article cites over-exploitation of grasses, and sediments on the reef- flat Agana Bays and Piti Bay, Guam Life and Death of Coral Reefs Lonfit or Sabanan Batea is selected as the Monitoring Strategy and Prelimi- presence of rare or endangered species; Biological Impact Caused by native natural resources; introduced plants, platform.