C opyrigh t, 1 1 8 b 9 . y Harper Bro thers Pri e e m d in th United Stag? gf America I“ ? To PHILIP W EST PA YNE o w ho d ied i ll sta rr ed, and i lo v e n d ed be d and you g, an d, therefo re , blest a nd w ise 5 9 5 8 6 4 CONTENTS PRmrACB Gumm o PRIN CIPLES IN PBONUN CI ATI ON — s and Standards . The Soo and Aim f i B k Law m o Th s oo . — - — o ion of So n . S The N tat u ds tress F amily Names. ” — F oreign W ords . Progress in Pronunciation Prog nscious Process —T Du f Indi l ress as a Co he ty o the vidua . K EY TO PRONUNCIATI ON AB B REVIATIONS ALPHAB ETICAL LIST OF WORDS PREFACE IN the a es i ediate fo o i I ha e aced f r p g mm ly ll w ng v pl , o v r o s ch Of the ateria Ofte i arious eas n , mu m l n put nto prefaces ; there I have explained what I am trying to do and how I ha e set a o t to do it. F or the ref , v b u p ace, I e a ht eft but to ac o ed e i then, hav n ug l kn wl g my Obl ga i s hich a es it few Of ords and f Of im r t on , w m k w ull po t . of co r e ost hea i i de ted to all dictio r I am , u s , m v ly n b na y ers on hose o r I ha e Of ecessit de e mak , w w k v n y p nded so much that I can ackno wledge my indebtedness o nly in r F or e co ra i co anio shi and scho ar gene al . n u g ng mp n p l ly i h first sta s Of the or I os h r i help n t e ge w k , am m t ea t ly Phi i . P r r f o M r . ho o ort g ate ul t l p W ayne, w in m e f unate circumstances would have been my collaborator through r fai hf an r r f h out . F o t ul d accu ate wo k on some O t e less inspiring parts Of the task I am indebted to Miss F lorence f r i D h r iss E e O A h st an o ss A es V. o e t lw ll , m e ; d t M gn y, M E h w i L N h Of the staff t el n a i and ss el a . as y M nn ng, M u l M , f r r r o the Amhe st College Lib a y . P. U . R . AM E E r H RST COLLE G , Ap il, 19 18 . EVE R Y - D A Y P R O NU NC IA T I O N GUIDING PRINCIPLES IN PRONUNCIATION A MANUAL or dictionary th at indicates pronunciation usually pro fesses to do o ne Of two things : to tell us how w o ro o ce or to us how w o ro o ce . e d p n un , tell e Sh uld p n un ir i is ssi h Of i hic ih A th d deal po ble, t at th s boo k, w h is h tended to tell us how we may pronounce without reproac . The idea Of the compiler is not Th s ods are ade u g m , And whoso a es the other sha di m k m wise ll e, but rather There are in nd sixt a s f a in i n e a y w y O m k g tr bal lays, And e er s n ne of them is ri ht v y i gle o g . LAW S AND STANDARDS In other or h r r no a s Of ho etics o r of w ds, t e e a e l w p n pro nunciation ; there are merely habits and tendencies . “ ” “ Th r r r of cor ere a e no definite , asce tainable standa ds “ ' BvERYm A Y PRONUNCIATION 7 ‘ feet prdnuBCiat iOI/I; t here are merely generalizations “ more or less inclusive as to th e practice Of the best “ r r r f r The law Of fa i speake s o ca e ul speake s . ll ng bodies is a law in the sense that it is inevitable and in violable ; there is no authentic reco rd Of a falling body i r i here is no law of lan that succeeded n b eaking t . T a that has n ro e ti es e o d er gu ge ot been b k n m b y n numb , a ai S h n that canno t be broken as many times g n . uc ge eralizations as we make in regard to language appro ach sometimes mo re and sometimes less nearly to univer alit but i i f a that no t one Of the is tr s y, t s sa e to s y m uly “ ” a i r a Sh a th ha e no sta dards ? as s e s . w un v l ll e, en , v n k h ri r i r h r If h r t e ett . t e t e st. a e pu Ce t nly, the mo b e y a e f r h r f h are hi s e o e us t e us . I e e u h b , y lu e on t y b nd , t ey de o stra r r r A s a dar sho d be at m n te ou p og ess . t n d ul once as free and as steady as the needle Of the compass ; it Should be valued fo r its po wer to show us where we are oi but i i i g ng , t must not be taken to set a l m t to the A fi advance . xed standard is go o d o nly when it is fixed at a i e dista c f f r g v n n e be o re us as we move . I the pu ist ca s for c ha i sta r an i ersa f r i ll un ng ng nda ds d un v l co n o m ty , we ma be ad tha a a If y gl t he canno t get wh t he w nts. hat he ca s for is i i ir ctio a i f W ll ntell gent d e n , v ew o some oa not ecessari ti a an r i a io f h g l n ly ul m te, d dete m n t n O t e ro ad he sta ds for h f ro r , n t e best kind O p g ess. In s ite Of all this n an n i p , we do ot d need ot dwell n ch I r aos. n o ciatio ha e er is is ri ht in p nun n, w t v , g , Only the sense th at every man may pronounce as he pleases if he is i i to ta e h c Th s r bar w ll ng k t e consequen es. e tu dy rier et ee us and h in r ia i as al b w n c aos p onunc t on , in l atters Of a i i i a e s h a e a n ric t . m l ngu g , t e soc l p n lty o eccent y Conventionality is the only law Of pronunciation that has an teeth . Nor is i a a s a foe r ress for ore y t lw y to p og , m EVERY-DAY PRO NUNCIATIO N 3 Ofte tha not it i o es so e idea if it is co for it n n nv lv m l ; n m y , it is usually conformity to the usage Of the circle in which as ires to be and e e co fo r it is r one p , v n n m y p ogress when r it to so ethi st e o it is confo m y m ng ju b y nd. THE SCO PE A ND AIM o r THIS BO OK Th O ect of this o o the is to i dicat r e bj b k , n , n e a p o nunciatiou of each word listed that wo uld in most walks i h t ha e e tha if ha o f society pass w t ou c ll ng , t c llenged can fe ded as ide ac ce ta e a o oo d S ea r be de n w ly p bl m ng g p ke s. r s ch ro ciatio s I do not c ai a thorit F o u p nun n l m u y, but r o o - se e erie ce and cess me ely c mm n sen , xp n , ac to the I ha i r reco rds such as they are .