Pratylenchus Loosi * / / / / .

Pratylenchus Loosi * / / / / .

* ** * ++++ (())() %%% ""%%& & ''"%& ' $$$$ """" ### !!! *//..00/.0/.0.... """ ( Pratylenchus loosi))) Biology and population dynamics of tea root lesion nematode (Pratylenchus loosi) in Iran ** 45 4455 45 0055 ''05 ' ### 3 3 3 3 &&& ..00 .0 ((%%22(%2 (((( .0. ..00.. .0. .0..00.0 1111 ? ; ;<& => /.0& : 0& 6 9+'." # +7 68+'." ! 6#0 /.0& %+7 8!A26 ? ; ;<& @ !"%& ' /I/I G0H2 DEFB//B 3 " 666 6 8*8*8*8* Pratylenchus loosi * + () % "%& ' $ " # ! " OP Q.0! " M N 2 ? /.0. " * 6 .A& ) K 1 L0J /.% 1 .30 .0T "% 9+ S Q.0! " L * ( # 6"%S * R . 8 / 0 )." K9'. /.% 1 * + () % "%& ' 0 L. : .0 + /"07 J. 2 . "%) 3 0&W # ".0 J' " B V ) " K 1 Z 6" # YJ> L #W "%& ' L. " . ' X#0! * L @ + /#" # V ) " (>& ?%5 [ O \ /S '.H / J # ! 6 76 "%S '.H / J '.%& A ' Z "%& ' # ^ * L #W ?%5 # . 6 7 H]& $" # 0 "%& ' L. 0 `8& .0 _ " 7 "." / +' 9+ S ? . ' S cS # 0 ( >& b04& _ " # 6"% ".0 J' " I & IaN% 9+ S Q.0! " '% L. ' K 7 )0* .! ".0 J' " d 5" #" # # & B #W YJ> L # d & B (>& b04& 6#" K ! # & : 0& 6 9+'." 6! e.. M#. 6' 9' 0Jf" . +> * O& g M%h ** ii ... + () % "%& ' $ " # ! N 2 0 . j'. M%P # A (>& / & Z "%& ' ' 6#" k#. * & .." "%& ' L. 7 "." / +' OP Q.0! " $ " ?.0 ]& J) 4. / S # %0! 0 & +O". 6 l" m M " J / +' M N 2 P " ?.0 ]& /% 0 Aj& .! (V ) " # 'W T. L ."." "%# ?.0 ]& '# # ' # V ) " L ." . 7 "." ?%5 " # J!." "%& ' L. $ " " 0&( =;' V ) " K 1 #" L. '# L. " ." 0 no& 7 K 1 L #" /.% 1 ' K 1 L. /"% c% ".". $$$$ """" ### !!! Pratylenchus loosi * ** * ++++ (())() %%% ""%%&& ''"%& ' ::: : 77 66pp..## 66p.#p.# ;;; #A #0. # . 6"07 6" 4J. /S . 0+ 7 . ' !%' L0& T * " ! * /.% 1 /S +> ^.S 0n. 0 6#r1 .! / " !%' L0&M #.J # "%! 6" 4J. 0" # p J>2 .H\ ?r8! ? O 0 ! 8. !%' # t 7 /S '." L\# . /S 0 6#r1 .. YJ> .H\ s ' . O L *( .(James 1983) "%! 6" 4J. :; / 8 3 u' . L '%2 " mJT. # ' " M%m< L. # . * 61 / 7l0 m . 8 /.0. %+7 " M%m< L. +7 0 w ."." .6 v# 6 9 %+7 M ! 6v# '.0. 6".%' ) J8 .A B "#t %+7 M ! " 0J% 7 a x01 # 0J% 7 IBa M%P .%' . 5" * "#t / . 5" $ "#t /"% .." %+7 .! . / * %& 5" / Q;3 # . 6"." y mJ). "%) . / * K7 l0m "%! L o& ?.".# z0P . * l0m . '.#.03 => K " L .! .." # .%) / G.A L0)S : . 0 0{ t M t " .(Ookhovat & Vakili 1998) ! L& .A mJ+ # /% #" "#t / " $+) * %& /.A (FAO)' .(FAO 2005) . L& .A Ba "#t ' %& .; L. /.0. ( 7 /. g # .0 D|| 6".%' ) . Pratylenchus loosi Loof 1960 1 ^ ' * + () % "%& ' * R " (Gadd) " Q%& "r a M " L #. .0 Pratylenchidae "0 G.A (Loof) l% Q%& "r a M " # 6 + 8'W 0 .( .( Sivaplan 1967) . YJ> %+7 " } Ia zJ K9'. "%& ' '% a . = /% 7 & ~%0 ? ) L0&W 6! G.A '% ".& L. L . 7 . 6! G.A * # L0& ( . 8 '% L. 7 %P ! (P. loosi) * + () % "%& ' G"r9 # L2.p L * / J# 8'W 0 /%* %+7 " * .A& ) K.%1 # L* ^% % r _ ? O70 * /%* ' # . "%& ' L. .! ! /S 5 mJ). / A * L8 # 6"0 G.A 0 Y1 '% L * L. # G.A ' A 9'03 ?%& # . "%& ' L. / A .L 0 6#r1 .(Compos et al. 1990) .(Mohotti 1998) . 6! 30 "%& ' Y { / A /.% 1 6 " L2.p %+7 . * &.".# M ' # 0 M " "%& ' L. /.0. " "0 G.A d M " # 6 + (^0.) K8 Y! 7 * ? ; ;<& 6 9J. " (=. / J0! " /r / J. 0!) %+7 M ! * R "%S .(Maafi 1993) &% + # V ) . ."0 '%' .(Baruoti & Alavi 2002) ! 6 + dI M 6" . "%& ' Ba & Ba ".& k.0>J. 0j '"% 6"07 /.A) [.0`7. 7 "%S V%8+ .( .( Ookovat & Vakili 1998) "0 V ) ^0 Baa . "%& ' aa & aa # + ^0 . %+7 M ! * R .A& ) K 1 L0& ( * + () % "%& ' / ! /.A 7 %P 6"%' ".# M%m< L. %& K T ? ) 'W 7 3. M%m< /.A 0 # ) ! " j. '.%& ^1 1 # J3 = 7 [.! 6"%S .( .( Maafi and Mirhoseini Moghadam 2001) "." ! OP Q.0! " * + () % "%& ' 0 `8& # 3 V ) _ " " J3 W K7 ?. /.A 6"%S * &% " # ! ".0 J' " I & .(Sivapalan & Gnanapragasam 1975 ) = 7 (A .; &% L " 7 t D|D ... + () % "%& ' $ " # ! L " 7 * 6"%S + K)." " / A c \ " * + () % "%& ' ?! ( Gnanapragasam et al. 1988) ' 6' M * & ? . 6' T K.%1 # .% # cS Q.0! V ) 3 0 u' .%1 K ;J ?.0n. "%& ' L. "%S /"% W # 6"% _ ' +8 V ) " ? ) L0J+ ."." 1. "%! .A K 1 L. ? ) +& 1 A ' V ) J . .( .( Gnanapragasam 1987; Gnanapragasam & Sivaplan 1991) Q < # 0 /S ! # 6! G.A A ' /.% & " * # . P. loosi '% Q.0! 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