AN ASSESSMENT OF CULTUAL IMPACTS REGARDING THE PROPOSED EAST ROTOITI/ROTOMA SEWERAGE SCHEME Prepared by Wairangi Whata on behalf of Ngāti Tamateatutahi-Ngāti Kawiti, Ngāti Hinekura, Ngāti Te Rangiunuora, Ngāti Rongomai, Ngāti Tarawhai and Ngāti Mākino for the Rotorua Lakes Council i Acknowledgements Mihi: Timi Te Po Hohepa Contributors: Raewyn Bennett, Taira Wichman, Timi Te Po Hohepa Peer Reviewers: Raewyn Bennett, Pia Bennett, Frances Curtis, Waitiahoaho Emery, Davey Gardiner, Colleen Skerrett, Arapeta Tahana, Joe Tahana, Ngaroma Tahana, Phill Thomas Disclaimer: While care has been taken in the preparation of this document, no responsibility is accepted for the accuracy of the content (whole or any part of). Front Cover: Lakes Rotoiti, Rotoehu and Rotomā with hapū and iwi land boundaries, Allan Waugh i WHAKATAUKI Ngāti Pikiao! Herea te weri o te kiki Kia kore ai e matata! Fasten the tassels of the sacred cloak of Kawatapuarangi. Close ranks and forever be one. ii MIHI Kei te Ohautanga o Potakatawhiti ko Te Ohu. Kei Motutawa ko Haukeka. Kei Atuareretahi ko Taranui. Kei Rawāhirua ko Mokai. Kei Te Mataarae-i-o-rehu ko Puwhakaoho. Kei Tapaniao ko Urutohatoha. Kei Wharetaingamoko ko Pikiaowera. Kei Te Papatu ko Whakahau. Kei Matawhaura ko Te Kokako-peke-wero-a-Te Wahatuoro. Ko nga pou enei o Te Tokotoru-a-Manawakotokoto e ihi nei ki te ra. Tihee Tu Paiahaha! Ko te korero e whakahuatia nei, he korero e hangai atu ana kit e rohe O nga hapu karangaranga a Ngāti Rongomai, a Ngāti Pikiao, a Ngāti Tamateatutahi/Ngāti Kawiti. Ko enei nga hapu otira, nga uri whakaheke A Te Tokotoru-a-Manawakotokoto ara ko Rakeiao, ko Kawatapuarangi, ko Apumoana. Na ratau ko matau e noho nei i nga papaaringa o te roto nei o Te Rotoiti. Mai te kongutu o Ohau ki Te Hohowai ka tere i te ia o Te Awa-i-tapuwhaia taka rawa atu kite awa i Okere huri atu ki Otaramarae puta tonu atu kit e take o te kohatu korero e tu nei “Ko Matawhau.” Hoki haere mai i Tauwehe ka tau atu ki Te Hikuwai, ki Te Onepungapunga e kiia nei “Ko Te Rotoiti.” Manihi atu ana i nga kura potiki i Tapuaekura tena Te Tauhu o Te Whare o Kawatapuarangi kei Te Mataarae-i-o-rehu. Na reira e noho nei nga hapu karangaranga ki nga tahataha o nga wai tuku kiri rangatira o o matau tupuna. Heoi ano e mihi atu ana ki te hunga e manaaki nei i a matau mo nga wai e rere nei tae atu ki nga whakaritenga mo nga hamuti ka rere nei i tenei takiwa. Heoi ano ahakoa te aha, kei a matau tonu te mana me te rangatiratanga o nga whenua e takoto nei me nga awa hoki e tere nei te moana o Te Rotoiti. E te kaunihera o tenei rohe o Rotorua kei konei ka mihi ake, ina ra, katahi ano nei koe ka marama ka rongo hoki i te mana o nga Hapu e noho nei. Heoi ano tenei ka whakairi i te kete korero kit e taraawhare mo tenei wa. Tena kotou, tena kotou, tena tatau katoa! iii TABLE OF CONTENTS WHAKATAUKI .......................................................................................................................................... ii MIHI........................................................................................................................................................ iii TABLE OF CONTENTS .............................................................................................................................. iv GLOSSARY............................................................................................................................................. viii EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................................................ x 1. BACKGROUND ................................................................................................................................. 1 2. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................... 6 2.1 Purpose ................................................................................................................................... 8 2.2 Methodology ........................................................................................................................... 8 2.2.1 Literature Review ............................................................................................................ 9 2.2.2 GIS Mapping .................................................................................................................... 9 2.2.3 Engagement .................................................................................................................... 9 3. NGᾹ UARATANGA AND PREFERRED OUTCOMES ......................................................................... 13 3.1 Tapu/Noa .............................................................................................................................. 15 3.2 Wairuatanga .......................................................................................................................... 17 Issue 3 - The movement of para from one rohe to another. ........................................................ 17 3.3 Kaitiakitanga .......................................................................................................................... 19 Issue 4 - Preservation, protection and conservation. ................................................................... 19 3.4 Kotahitanga ........................................................................................................................... 21 Issue 5 - Private Public Partnership ............................................................................................... 21 3.5 Whakawhanaungatanga ....................................................................................................... 22 Issue 6 - Relationship Management .............................................................................................. 22 3.6 Manaakitanga ....................................................................................................................... 23 3.7 Rangatiratanga ...................................................................................................................... 25 3.8 Tāonga Tuku Iho .................................................................................................................... 27 3.8.1 Wai ................................................................................................................................ 28 3.8.2 Whenua ......................................................................................................................... 31 3.9 Cultural Sites of Significance ................................................................................................. 32 3.9.1 Wāhi Tapu ..................................................................................................................... 33 3.9.2 Marae and Urupa .......................................................................................................... 35 4. LANDSCAPE ................................................................................................................................... 37 4.1 Moana ................................................................................................................................... 37 4.1.1 Lake Rotoiti ................................................................................................................... 37 4.1.2 Lake Rotoehu and Lake Rotomā ................................................................................... 37 iv 4.2.1 Māori Land Trusts and Incorporations .............................................................................. 38 4.3 Statutory Boards and Scenic Reserves .................................................................................. 40 4.3.1 Lake Rotoiti Scenic Reserve Board ................................................................................ 40 4.3.2 Lake Okataina Scenic Reserve Board ............................................................................ 40 4.3.3 Lake Rotomā Scenic and Recreation Reserves .............................................................. 41 4.4 Waiariki ................................................................................................................................. 42 4.5 Cultural Heritage ................................................................................................................... 43 4.6 Community Amenities .......................................................................................................... 46 4.6.1 Kura ............................................................................................................................... 46 Te Kura Kaupapa Māori o Te Rotoiti ............................................................................................. 46 Lake Rotomā School ...................................................................................................................... 46 Te Kura o Rongomai ...................................................................................................................... 46 4.6.2 Kohanga Reo and Early Childhood Facilities ................................................................. 46 Te Kohanga Reo o Hikuwai ............................................................................................................ 47 Te Puna Reo o Waione .................................................................................................................. 47 Lakes Preschool ............................................................................................................................