Mangoes from India Draft Revised Import Policy July 2004 Draft Revised Import Policy – Mangoes from India Foreword © Commonwealth of Australia 2004 This work is copyright. You may download, display, print and reproduce this material in unaltered form only (retaining this notice) for your personal, non-commercial use or use within your organization. Apart from any use as permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, all other rights are reserved. Requests for further authorization should be directed to the Commonwealth Copyright Administration, Intellectual Property Branch, Department of Communications, Information Technology and the Arts, GPO Box 2154, Canberra ACT 2601 or by email to [email protected]. Draft Revised Import Policy – Mangoes from India CONTENTS TABLES AND FIGURES ..............................................................................................................................7 TABLES ..........................................................................................................................................................7 FIGURES........................................................................................................................................................7 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY.............................................................................................................................12 INTRODUCTION ..........................................................................................................................................15 PROPOSAL TO IMPORT FRESH MANGOES FROM INDIA ..............................................................16 BACKGROUND .............................................................................................................................................16 SCOPE.........................................................................................................................................................17 AUSTRALIA’S CURRENT QUARANTINE POLICY FOR IMPORTS OF FRESH MANGO FRUIT..............................17 THE FRESH MANGO INDUSTRY.............................................................................................................25 THE MANGO INDUSTRY IN AUSTRALIA .........................................................................................................25 Export of mangoes from Australia .....................................................................................................26 THE MANGO INDUSTRY IN INDIA ..................................................................................................................27 Mango production in India ..................................................................................................................29 Export of mangoes from India............................................................................................................31 PEST RISK ANALYSIS...............................................................................................................................32 STAGE 1: INITIATION ...................................................................................................................................32 STAGE 2: RISK ASSESSMENT......................................................................................................................32 Pest categorisation ..............................................................................................................................32 DETAILED RISK ASSESSMENT FOR QUARANTINE PESTS...........................................................36 ARTHROPODS .............................................................................................................................................36 GROUP 1 – FRUIT FLIES..............................................................................................................................36 Introduction and spread potential ......................................................................................................40 Consequences......................................................................................................................................43 Unrestricted risk estimate ...................................................................................................................44 GROUP 2A – MANGO PULP WEEVIL ............................................................................................................44 Introduction and spread potential ......................................................................................................45 Consequences......................................................................................................................................47 Unrestricted risk estimate ...................................................................................................................48 GROUP 2B – MANGO SEED WEEVIL............................................................................................................48 Introduction and spread potential ......................................................................................................49 Consequences......................................................................................................................................51 Unrestricted risk estimate ...................................................................................................................52 GROUP 3A – ARMOURED SCALES ..............................................................................................................52 Page 3 Draft Revised Import Policy – Mangoes from India Introduction and spread potential ......................................................................................................56 Unrestricted risk estimate ...................................................................................................................59 GROUP 3B – SOFT SCALES ........................................................................................................................59 Introduction and spread potential ......................................................................................................62 Consequences......................................................................................................................................64 Unrestricted risk estimate ...................................................................................................................65 GROUP 3C – MEALYBUGS ..........................................................................................................................65 Introduction and spread potential ......................................................................................................71 Consequences......................................................................................................................................74 Unrestricted risk estimate ...................................................................................................................75 GROUP 3D – PLANT BUGS..........................................................................................................................76 Introduction and spread potential ......................................................................................................77 Consequences......................................................................................................................................79 Unrestricted risk estimate ...................................................................................................................80 GROUP 4A – RED-BANDED MANGO CATERPILLAR .....................................................................................80 Introduction and spread potential ......................................................................................................81 Consequences......................................................................................................................................84 Unrestricted risk estimate ...................................................................................................................84 GROUP 4B – HONEYDEW MOTH..................................................................................................................84 Introduction and spread potential ......................................................................................................86 Consequences......................................................................................................................................88 Unrestricted risk estimate ...................................................................................................................89 GROUP 4C – POMEGRANATE FRUIT BORER...............................................................................................89 Introduction and spread potential ......................................................................................................89 Consequences......................................................................................................................................91 Unrestricted risk estimate ...................................................................................................................92 GROUP 4D – COCOA TUSSOCK MOTH........................................................................................................92 Introduction and spread potential ......................................................................................................93