1 YouhannaNessimYoussef TwodoxologiesfromthePsalmodiaofSammanûd 1 Manuscript Themanuscriptisfromthecollectionofthechurch of Sammanûd 83 Lit. It is writteninCopticwithArabictitlesonlyinredink.Thebeginningandtheendare lost.Theoriginalfoliotationislosthoweveramodernfoliotationwasaddedwrit- teninpencil. Thecolophonislosthowever,wereadinanoteaftertheThursdayTheotokia: Fol.106 ﲤﺖ ﻭﻛﻤﻠﺖ ﺗﺬﺍﻛﻴﺔ ﺍﳋﻤﻴﺲ ﺍﳌﺒﺎﺭﻙ ﺑﺴﻼﻡ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺏ ﺍﻻﻟﻪ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﻭﺱ ﺧﺎﻟﻖ ﺍﳋﻼﻳﻖ ﻭﳏﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﻮﺱ ﻳﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻳﻘﺮﺍ ﻭﻳﺴﻤﻊ ﻭﻳﺸﻮﻑ ﺍﺫﻛﺮ ﺣﻘﺎﺭﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺳﺦ ﻓﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻴﻮﺏ ﻣﻮﺻﻮﻑ ﻭﻻ ﻳﺴﺘﺤﻖ ﺍﻥ ﻳﺬﻛﺮ ﺍﲰﻪ ﺑﲔ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻭﻫﻮ ﺍﳊﻘﲑ ﻣﺘﻴﺎﺱ ﻳﻮﺳﻒ ﻗﺰﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻫﺎﱄ ﲰﻨﻮﺩ ﻏﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻭﻛﻤﻠﻦ ﻭﺟﺪ ﻏﻠﻄﺔ ﻭﺍﺻﻠﺤﻬﺎ ﺍﳌﺴﻴﺢ ﺍﻻﻫﻨﺎ ﻳﺼﻠﺢ ﺷﺎﻧﻪ ﻭﻣﻦ ﻗﺎﻝ ﺷﻴﺎ ﻓﻠﻪ ﺍﻣﺜﺎﻟﻪ ﻭﺍﺪ ﻟﺮﺑﻨﺎ ﻳﺴﻮﻉ ﺍﳌﺴﻴﺢ ﺍﻣﲔ FinishedandcompletedthetheotokiaoftheblessedThursdayinthepeaceoftheLord,theHoly God,theCreatorofthecreation,thelife-givingofthesouls. Owhowillread,hear,see,rememberthehumilityofthescribe,asheisdescribedwithfaults,heis notworthytomentionhisnameamongthepeople,thehumbleMatthiasYusufKosmanfromthe inhabitantsofSammanûd,Gharbiah.Everyonewhowillfindanerror Thedateofthemanuscriptseemstobelatenineteenthcentury.Thescribehas skilfulhandwritingespeciallyinCoptic;howeverhisspellingisverypoor.There aresomefrontispiecesandfewilluminations.Somefoliosarelostsuchasthein thebeginningandthefourthOde. Sammanûd ThecityofSammanûdissituatedonthewestbankoftheDamiettabranchof theNileeastofMahallahal-KubraintheprovinceofGharbiah. 2Ithasalonghis- tory, 3 while Abu al-Makarim mentions four churches named after the Virgin 1 IwishtothankmyfriendJacobAskrenwhowaskindenoughtoprovidemethephotosofthis importantmanuscript. 2 O.Meinardus, TwothousandyearsofCopticChristianity, Cairo:AmercianUniversityinCairo Press1999,p.174. 3 S. Timm, Das christlich-koptische Ägypten in arabischer Zeit, Tübinger Atlas des Vorderen Orients41/5,Wiesbaden:DrLudwigReichert,1991,p.2254–2262. OrChr98(2015) 2 Youssef Mary,saintGeorge,theArchangelMichaelandSaintMercuriusandoneforthe MelkitethatwasrestoredwiththehelpoftheJacobites. 4Itissupposedtobeone ofthesitesvisitedbytheHolyFamily. 5ThechurchisnamedaftersaintApaNub 6 whereinhisrelicsandanimportantpilgrimagecentre. 7Theactualbuildingisfrom thenineteenthcentury. 8 Doxologiesinthismanuscript Themanuscriptcontainsasetofdoxologies. 9Thetitleisasfollows: ﻫﻮﻻﻱ ﺍﻟﺪﻛﺼﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺎ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻭﺍﻢ Thesearethedoxologiesusedintheiroccasions DoxologiesforthemonthofKihak(fol.142r–149v) DoxologyforthefeastoftheNativity(fol.150r–151v) DoxologyfortheEpiphany(fol.151v–153r) DoxologiesforLent(fol.153r–162v) DoxologyforthePalmSunday(fol.162–164v) DoxologiesfortheResurrectionandtheEastertide(fol.164–169v) DoxologyforthefeastAscension(fol.169v–170v) DoxologyofthePentecost(fol.171r–172v DoxologyforthefastoftheApostles(fol.173r–174v) DoxologyfromthefeastofNayrouztothefeastoftheCross(fol.174v–176r) Thetwodoxologiespublishedhereafter Thesetyearlydoxologiesfollowstheclassicpatternliketheeditedpsalmodias: The Virgin (3 doxologies), Archangel Michael, Archangel Gabriel, Archangel Raphael,ArchangelSuriel,the4bodilessCreatures,24Elders,JohntheBaptist (2doxologies),144000,theApostles,Stephen,George,Theodor,Mercurius,the 4 WerefertotheeditionofSamuelal-Suriani, Tarikhal-kanaɛiswal-ɛadyara, Cairo1984,Vol.1, p.44–45fol.30b–31b.(ForcodicologyandComposition)U.Zanetti,Abul-MakarimetAbuSa- lih“,BulletindelaSociétéd’ArchéologieCopte 34(1995),p.85–133.(FortheAuthorshipandIn- fluence) J. Den Heijer, „The Composition of the History of the Churches and Monasteries of Egypt -Some preliminary remarks”, Acts of the Fifth International Congress of Coptic Studies Washington12–15August1992, edD.Johnson,Vol.2,Part1,Roma1993,p.209–219.(Social studyoftheDelta)M.Martin,„LeDeltachrétienàlafinduXII°s.“,OrientaliaChristianaPeri- odica 63(1997),p.181–199. 5 S.Davis, Bethouthere,theHolyFamily’sjourneyinEgypt, GawadatGabra(ed.),Cairo-New York:TheAmericanUniversityinCairoPress,2002,p.133–162. 6 S.Timm, ChristlicheStätteninÄgypten, TübingerAtlasdesVorderenOrients36,Wiesbaden:Dr LudwigReichert,1979,p.131. 7 G.Viaud,LespèlerinagesCoptesenÉgypted’aprèslesnotesduQommosJacobMuyser, Biblio- thèqued’ÉtudesCoptes15,LeCaire:InstitutFrançaisd’ArchéologieOrientale,1979,p.26–27. O.F.A.Meinardus, CopticSaintsandPilgrimages, Cairo-NewYork:TheAmericanUniversity inCairoPress,2002,p.72. 8 Bp. Samuel and Badie Habib, Ancient Coptic Churches and Monasteries in Delta, Sinai and Cairo, Cairo:InstituteofCopticStudies,1996,p.96. 9 U.Zanetti,„BohairicLiturgicalManuscripts,” OrientaliaChristianaPeriodica 60(1995),p.65–94. TwodoxologiesfromthePsalmodiaofSammanûd 3 assemblyoftheMartyrs,[Lacuna-wemayexpectthattheDoxologyofApaNub wasincludedinthemanuscript.] 10 Text Fol.176r–177r ﺩﻛﺼﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺔ ﻻﻧﺒﺎ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮﺱ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﺮﻳﺮﻙ ⲱ ⲡⲓⲛⲓϣϯ ⲙⲙⲁⲛⲥⲟⲩ 11 ⳾ ⲧⲉ ⲡⲓⲟ ϩⲓ ⲡ ⳾ ⲡⲉⲛⲓⲱⲧ ⲛⲇⲓⲕⲉⲟⲥ⳾ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲓⲗⲓⲟⲥ ⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲣⲉⲩⲥ⳾ ⲁⲕⲁⲙⲟⲛⲓ ⲛⲉⲕⲁⲥⲱⲟⲩ 12 ⳾ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲙⲁⲛⲁⲙⲟⲛⲓ* ⲉⲑⲛⲁⲛⲉϥ⳾ ⲁⲩϣⲉⲛⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ 13 ⲉⲧⲉⲕⲥⲙⲏ⳾ ϣⲁⲩϣⲓ14 ⲫⲁⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲟⲛⲟϥ ⲭⲉⲣⲉ ⲡⲉⲛⲱⲓⲧ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲓⲗⲓⲟⲥ⳾ ⲡⲓⲙⲁⲛⲉⲥⲱⲟⲩ ⲉⲧⲉⲛ ϩⲟⲧ⳾ ⲡⲓⲣⲁϥⲉⲧϯ15 ⲟⲩⲃⲉ ⲛⲁϥϫⲁϫⲓ16 ⳾ ⲟⲩⲟ ϩ ⲁⲩϭⲓ ⲡⲓⲭⲗⲟⲙ ⲛⲁⲧⲗⲟⲙ ⲱⲛⲓⲁⲧⲕ 17 ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲙⲉⲧⲙⲏⲓ 18 ⳾ ⲡⲉⲛⲓⲱⲧ ϯⲕⲉⲟⲥ 19 ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲓⲗⲓⲟⲥ ⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲣⲉⲩⲥ ⳾ ⲡⲓⲛⲓϣϯ ϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲓⲡⲁⲧⲣⲓⲁⲣⲭⲏⲥ ⲱⲥⲁⲩⲧⲟⲥ ϩ ⲡⲉⲛⲓⲱⲧ ︦* ⲇⲓⲕⲉⲟⲥ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲓⲗⲓⲟⲥ ⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲣⲉⲩⲥ ϥ︦ DoxologyforAnbaMiliusthepatriarch OgreatShepherdoftheflockof Christ, ourholy righteous fatherAbbaMiliusthe high-priest Youpasturedthesheepinthegoodpasturewhenthey hearyourvoice,theycomewithjoy HailtoourfatherMilius,theentrustedshepherd,who foughtagainsthisenemiesandreceivedtheimperish- ablecrown. Blessedareyoutruly,Oholy righteousAbbaMilius the high-priestthegreatamongthe patriarchs Andalso 10 Y.‘Abdal-Masih,„DoxologiesintheCopticChurch,editedBohairicDoxologies,” Bulletindela Sociétéd’ArchéologieCopte 6(1940),p.19–76. 11 ⲙⲙⲁⲛⲉⲥⲱⲟⲩ 12 ⲛⲉⲕⲉⲥⲱⲟⲩ 13 ⲁⲩϣⲁⲛⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ 14 ϣⲁⲩϣⲉⲓ ? W.E.Crum, ACopticDictionary, Oxford:ClarendonPress,1936,p.547. 15 ⲡⲓⲣⲉϥϯ 16 ⲛⲉϥϫⲁϫⲓ 17 ⲱⲟⲩⲛⲓⲁⲧⲕ 18 ⲟⲩⲙⲉⲑⲙⲏⲓ 19 ⲇⲓⲕⲉⲟⲥ 4 Youssef Pray(totheLordforus)Oourholyfatherthe right- eousAbbaMiliusthe high-priestthat(Hemayfor- give) Fol.177r–v ﺩﻛﺼﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻃﺲ ﻟﻠﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻳﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﺼﺪﻳﻖ ⲫⲏⲉⲧⲁϥⲉⲣ ϩⲩⲡⲟⲙⲟⲛⲏ⳾ ⲉϩⲁⲛⲡⲓⲣⲁⲥⲙⲟⲥ ⲉⲧⲁⲥ ϩⲓϫⲱϥ⳾ ┌ⲟⲩⲟ ϩ ⲁϥⲧⲁ ϫⲣⲟⲩ 20 ⲉϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲫϯ⳾ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡⲉϥϩⲏⲧ ⲧⲏⲣϥ⳾ ⲓⲱⲃ ⲡⲓⲑⲙⲏⲓ ⲡⲓⲇⲓⲕⲉⲟⲥ⳾ ⲉⲧⲁϥϣⲱⲡⲓ ϫⲉ ⲡⲉϥⲉⲣⲙⲉⲩ⳾ ⲁϥⲥⲱⲣ 21 ⲉⲃⲟⲗ* ϧⲉⲛ ϯⲱⲓⲕⲟⲙⲁⲛⲓ 22 ⳾ ϣ ⲛⲓⲅⲉⲛⲉ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ⳾ ⲛⲁϥⲱϣ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲁϥϫⲱ23 ⲙⲟⲥ⳾ ϫⲉ ⲡϭ︦ ⲁϥϯ ⲟⲩⲟ ϩ ⲁ ⲡϭ︦⳾ ⲁϥϭⲓ ⲙⲫⲣⲁⲛ ⲡ ⳾ⲁϥⲁϣⲱⲡⲓ 24 ϫⲉ ϥⲥⲙⲁⲣⲱⲟⲩⲧ ϣ ⲉⲛⲉ ϩ ϩ︦ ⲱ ⲡⲓⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲁⲅⲁⲑⲟⲥ⳾ⲓⲱⲃ ⲡⲓⲑⲙⲏⲓ ⲡⲓⲇⲓⲕⲉⲟⲥ⳾ϥ︦ DoxologyBatosfortherighteous,Jobthejust. Who endured patiently the temptationswhichcame uponhimandwasstrengthenedinGodinhiswhole heart, Jobthe just,thathiscommemorationbecamespread inthe worldtillallthe generations. Heproclaimedsaying:TheLordgaveandtheLord took,letthenameoftheLordbeblessedforever. 25 Pray(totheLordforus)O goodman,Jobthe right- eousone,that(Hemayforgive)… Commentary TherearethreecommemorationsonthefirstdayofTût: BartholomewtheApostle: Amazinglyenough,thecommemorationofBartholomewtheApostleattestedin theSynaxarionandtheDifnar 26 doesnotoccurinourmanuscript. Milius TherearetwosaintscommemoratedintheSynaxarion27 : 20 ⲉϥⲧⲁ ϫⲣⲏⲟⲩⲧ 21 ⲉϥⲥⲱⲣ 22 Ϯⲓⲓⲕⲟⲩⲙⲉⲛⲏ 23 ⲉϥϫⲱ 24 ⲉϥⲉϣⲱⲡⲓ 25 Freecitationch.1:21,H.Tattam, TheAncientCopticversionoftheBookofJobtheJust,Lon- don,WilliamStarker,1846,p.7;E.Porcher, LelivredeJob,versionCopteBohairique, Patrolo- giaOrientalis18fasc.2,Number87,Paris:Firmin-Didot,1924,p.222[14]. 26 Gawdat Gabra, „Untersuchungen zum Difnar der Koptischen Kirche”, Bulletin de la Société d’ArchéologieCopte 35(1996),p.37–52;37(1998),p.48–69. TwodoxologiesfromthePsalmodiaofSammanûd 5 Milius, 28 IIIPatriarch,1Tût(29August).AlsocalledMinius,Abilius. 29 ﻭﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻳﻀﺎ ﺗﻨﻴﺢ ﺍﻻﺏ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﻳﺲ ﻣﻠﻴﻮﺱ ﺑﺎﺑﺎ ﻣﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺍﻻﺳﻜﻨﺪﺭﻳﺔ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﻳﺲ ﺗﻘﺪﻡ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ ﺍ ﳋﺎﻣﺴﺔ ﻋﺸﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻠﻚ ﺩﻣﺎﺗﻴﺎﻧﻮﺱ ﻭﻳﻨﻌﺖ ﺑﺎﺳﺒﺎﺳﻴﺎﻧﻮﺱ ﻣﻠﻚ ﺭﻭﻣﻴﺔ ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺻﻌﻮﺩ ﺭﺑﻨﺎ ﻳﺴﻮﻉ ﺍﳌﺴﻴﺢ ﲞﻤﺴﺔ ﻭﺛﻠﺜﲔ ﺳﻨﺔ ﻭﺭﻋﻰ ﺭﻋﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﺴﻴﺢ ﺍﺟﻮﺩ ﺭﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻗﺎﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺳﻲ ﺍﺛﲏ ﻋﺸﺮ ﺳﻨﺔ ﻭﺗﻨﻴﺢ ﺑﺴﻼﻡ . ﺑﺮﻛﺔ ﺻﻼﺗﻪ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻌﻨﺎ ﺍﻣﲔ. OnthisdaydiedtheholyfatherAbbaMilius,ArchbishopofthegreatcityofAlexandria,thethird fromMark,theapostleandevangelist,andthisarchbishopwasappointedinthefifteenthyearofthe reignofDomitien,whoiscalledVespasien,thekingofRome,thirty-fiveyearsaftertheAscension ofourLordJesusChrist.HepasturedandguardedtheflockofourLordJesusChristnobly,andhe sat on the Episcopal throne twelve years. And he reposed in peace. May his prayers be with us. Amen! Eusebius, HistoriaEcclesiatica simply liststhenameofthefirsttensuccessors ofsaintMarkwithoutprovidinganysubstantivecommentsabouttheirlivesorac- complishments.3:14. 30 Heismentionedinthe Historyofthepatriarchs 31 thus: 32 ﺍﻟﺴﲑﺓ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ ﻣﻠﻴﻮﺱ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﺮﻙ ﻓﺎﺟﺘﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺐ ﺍﻻﺭﺛﺪﻛﺴﻲ ﻭﺗﺸﺎﻭﺭﻭﺍ ﻭﺍﺧﺬﻭﺍ ﺍﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﺍﲰﻪ ﻣﻠﻴﻮﺱ ﻭﻗﺴﻤﻮﻩ ﺑﻄﺮﻛﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﺮﺳﻲ ﻣﺎﺭﻱ ﻣﺮﻗﺲ ﺍﻻﳒﻴﻠﻲ ﻋﻮﺽ ﺍﻧﻴﺎﻧﻮﺱ ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻣﻠﻴﻮﺱ ﺫﻭ ﻋﻔﺎﻑ ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﺜﺒﺖ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﺍﳊﻖ ﻓﻜﺜﺮ ﺷﻌﺐ ﺍﻻﺳﻜﻨﺪﺭﻳﺔ ﻭﻣﺼﺮ ﻭﺍﳋﻤﺲ ﻣﺪﻥ ﻭﺍﻓﺮﻳﻘﻴﻪ ﻭﺍﻗﺎﻡ ﺍﺛﲏ ﻋﺸﺮ ﺳﻨﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺳﻲ ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻌﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻳﺎﻣﻪ ﲢﺖ ﺳﻼﻣﺔ ﻭﺗﻨﻴﺢ ﰲ ﺍﻭﻝ ﻳﻮﻡ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻮﺕ ﰲ ﲬﺴﺔ ﻋﺸﺮ ﺳﻨﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻠﻚ ﺍﳌﻠﻚ ﺍﳌﻘﺪﻡ ﺫﻛﺮﻩ Thethirdbiography Then the orthodox people assemble and consulted together and took a man named Milius and ordainedhimpatriarchonthethroneofsaintMarktheevangelistinsteadofAnnianus.ThisMilius wasachastemanandheconfirmedthepeopleintheknowledgeoftheTruth.Inhistheorthodox peopleincreasedinnumbers,inAlexandriaandPentapolisandtheprovinceofAfrica.Heremained 27 ForanoverviewoftheSynaxrioncf.Colin,G.,„LeSynaxaireEthiopien,Etatactueldelaquesti- on.“AnalectaBollandiana 106(1988),p.273–317. 28 DeLacyO’Leary, TheSaintsofEgypt p.205. 29 R.Basset, LeSynaxaireArabeJacobite(rédactionCopte)I-MoisduToutetdeBabeh ,Patrolo- giaOrientalis1fasc.3,Paris:Firmin-Didot1904,p.226[12];I.Forget, SynaxariumAlexandri- num, CorpusScriptorumChristianorumOrientalium18,Paris:CarolusPoussielgueBibliopola, 1905,p.2–3. 30 S.Davis, The Early Coptic Papacy,the Egyptian Church and itsLeadership in LateAntiquity, Cairo-NewYork:TheAmericanUniversityinCairoPress,2005,p.14–15.