PAST PAleontological STatistics Version 4.07 Reference manual Øyvind Hammer Natural History Museum University of Oslo [email protected] 1999-2021 1 Contents Welcome to the PAST! ............................................................................................................................ 7 Installation ............................................................................................................................................... 8 Quick start ............................................................................................................................................... 9 The spreadsheet and the Edit menu ..................................................................................................... 10 Entering data ..................................................................................................................................... 10 Selecting areas ................................................................................................................................... 10 Moving a row or a column ................................................................................................................ 10 Renaming rows and columns ............................................................................................................ 11 Increasing the size of the array ......................................................................................................... 11 Cut, copy, paste ................................................................................................................................. 11 Remove .............................................................................................................................................. 11 Row colors and symbols .................................................................................................................... 11 Selecting data types for columns, and specifying groups ................................................................. 11 Remove uninformative rows/columns .............................................................................................. 12 Transpose .......................................................................................................................................... 12 Grouped columns to multivar ........................................................................................................... 12 Grouped rows to multivar ................................................................................................................. 12 Stack grouped rows into columns ..................................................................................................... 13 Rows, cols, values to table ................................................................................................................ 13 Value pairs to matrix ......................................................................................................................... 13 Samples to events (UA to RASC) ........................................................................................................ 13 Events to samples (RASC to UA) ........................................................................................................ 13 Loading and saving data .................................................................................................................... 14 Importing data from Excel ................................................................................................................. 14 Reading and writing Nexus files ........................................................................................................ 15 Counter .............................................................................................................................................. 15 Transform menu .................................................................................................................................... 16 Logarithm .......................................................................................................................................... 16 Subtract mean ................................................................................................................................... 16 Remove trend .................................................................................................................................... 16 Row percentage................................................................................................................................. 16 Row normalize length ........................................................................................................................ 16 Box-Cox .............................................................................................................................................. 17 Compositional data transforms ......................................................................................................... 17 Remove size from distances .............................................................................................................. 19 Landmarks, Procrustes fitting ............................................................................................................ 20 Landmarks, Bookstein fitting ............................................................................................................. 20 Project to tangent space NOT YET IN PAST 3 .................................................................................... 21 Remove size from landmarks NOT YET IN PAST 3 ............................................................................. 21 Transform landmarks ........................................................................................................................ 21 Regular interpolation ........................................................................................................................ 21 Evaluate expression ........................................................................................................................... 22 Plot menu .............................................................................................................................................. 23 2 Graph ................................................................................................................................................. 23 XY graph ............................................................................................................................................. 24 XY graph with error bars ................................................................................................................... 25 Histogram .......................................................................................................................................... 26 Bar chart/box plot ............................................................................................................................. 27 Pie chart ............................................................................................................................................. 29 Stacked chart ..................................................................................................................................... 30 Percentiles ......................................................................................................................................... 31 Normal probability plot ..................................................................................................................... 32 Ternary .............................................................................................................................................. 33 Bubble plot ........................................................................................................................................ 34 Matrix plot ......................................................................................................................................... 35 Mosaic plot ........................................................................................................................................ 36 Venn diagram .................................................................................................................................... 37 Radar chart ........................................................................................................................................ 39 Polar plot ........................................................................................................................................... 40 Network plot ..................................................................................................................................... 41 3D scatter/bubble/line plot ............................................................................................................... 42 3D surface plot .................................................................................................................................. 43 3D parametric surface plot ................................................................................................................ 44 Univariate menu .................................................................................................................................... 45 Summary statistics ...........................................................................................................................