AN APPROACH TO THE STANDARDIZATION OF EXONYMS IN THE SLOVENE LANGUAGE Drago Kladnik [email protected] Mimi Urbanc [email protected] References on using of foreign geographical names in Slovenia UN principles Slovene Orthography, 2001 • contribution to a • deficient more suitable use • lack of appropriate examples •anarchy in use •unacquaintance with slovenization improper use of exonyms Prague, An approach to the standardization of exonyms in the Slovene language 17 -18 May 2007 Disagreement in professional use usingusing just just a a fewfew universaluniversal well established well established slovenizationslovenization exonymsexonyms Prague, An approach to the standardization of exonyms in the Slovene language 17 -18 May 2007 Slovenized geographical names in atlases knowledge: 1. of the starting points 2. tradition of the use of of slovenizen foreign geographical names Prague, An approach to the standardization of exonyms in the Slovene language 17-18 May 2007 Slovenized geographical names in atlases frequent and many terra incognita undetermined corpus names have changed over time: established • different use and in general use • ignored Etymological study problematic and disputed ones Prague, An approach to the standardization of exonyms in the Slovene language 17-18 May 2007 2 250 number of names/1,000,000 km 49.340 names 200 Africa Antarctica 150 Asia South America Oceania 100 North America Central America Europe 50 Sources (atlases) 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10111213141516171819 Criteria for the inclusion into the list of slovenized foreign geographical names All Slovene Exonyms + Names that differ in: • Omitted diacritical mark: Arhangelsk for Arhangel’sk • Omitted article: Salvador for El Salvador • At least one letter: Anapurna for Annapurna Multilingual names when only one form is used Odra for Odra/Oder Names of Slovene origin in neighbouring countries Gorica for Gorizia, Djekše for Diex Prague, An approach to the standardization of exonyms in the Slovene language 17-18 May 2007 1. Method of slovenization 2. Establishemnt of the tradition of using slovenized foreign geographical names 3 steps towards standardization 1st level: comparison of all slovenized names in 9 atlases Aba Debi Abu Dhabi Abu Dabi Aba Debi Prague, An approach to the standardization of exonyms in the Slovene language 17-18 May 2007 2nd and 3rd level: comparison with the Veliki atlas sveta Adis Abeba Afganistan Agadir standardizationinternationally of comparable slovenized exonymsforeign geographical are standardized names Prague, An approach to the standardization of exonyms in the Slovene language 17-18 May 2007 Further standardization work • Refinement of language specification; • Considering etimology (adjectival use): – Arnhemova dežela or Arnemska dežela; – Enderbyjeva dežela or “Enderbyjska dežela – possessive adjectival form? – or ordinary adjectival form? Prague, An approach to the standardization of exonyms in the Slovene language 17-18 May 2007 slovenized geographicalFurther names standardization in older atlases work • names after explorers, seafarers, rulers, members of royal families, and politicians around 6,600 descriptions not enough other printed and computer database sources Prague, An approach to the standardization of exonyms in the Slovene language 17-18 May 2007 Possible sources for etymology search • The Times Atlas of World Exploration 1991: – a rich bibliographic dictionary • www: A List of Explorers Example: Russia’s ostrova Anjou (Anjou Islands) •Anjujski otoki Anžujevi otoki •Anžujski otoki Piotr Fyodorovich Anjou (1820) Prague, An approach to the standardization of exonyms in the Slovene language 17-18 May 2007 Thank you for Thank you for your attention! your attention!.