Text-Critical and Hermeneutical Studies in the Septuagint Supplements to Vetus Testamentum Editor in Chief Christl M. Maier Editorial Board r.p. gordon – j. joosten – g.n. knoppers – a. van der kooij – a. lemaire – s.l. mckenzie – c.a. newsom – h. spieckermann – j. trebolle barrera – n. wazana – s.d. weeks – h.g.m. williamson VOLUME 157 The titles published in this series are listed at brill.com/vts Text-Critical and Hermeneutical Studies in the Septuagint Edited by Johann Cook Hermann-Josef Stipp LEIDEN • BOSTON 2012 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Text-critical and hermeneutical studies in the Septuagint / edited by Johann Cook, Hermann- Josef Stipp. p. cm. — (Supplements to Vetus Testamentum v. 157) Text-critical and Hermeneutical Studies in the Septuagint is the title of a bilateral research project conducted from 2009 to 2011 by scholars from the universities of Munich (Germany) and Stellenbosch (South Africa). The joint research enterprise was rounded off by a conference that took place from 31st of August–2nd of September 2011 in Stellenbosch. It was held in cooperation with the Association for the Study of the Septuagint in South Africa (LXXSA). Scholars from Germany, the Netherlands, Ireland, Belgium, France, Canada and the USA, as well as South Africa, delivered papers focusing on the history of the LXX; translation technique and text history; textual criticism, and the reception of the Septuagint. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-90-04-24078-0 (hardback : alk. paper)—ISBN 978-90-04-24173-2 (e-book : alk. paper) 1. Bible. O.T. Greek—Versions—Septuagint—Congresses. 2. Bible. O.T.—Criticism, interpretation, etc.—Congresses. 3. Bible. O.T.—Hermeneutics—Congresses. I. Cook, Johann. II. Stipp, Hermann-Josef, 1954– BS744.T488 2013 221.4’86—dc23 2012035185 This publication has been typeset in the multilingual “Brill” typeface. With over 5,100 characters covering Latin, IPA, Greek, and Cyrillic, this typeface is especially suitable for use in the humanities. For more information, please see www.brill.com/brill-typeface. ISSN 0083–5889 ISBN 978-90-04-24078-0 (hardback) ISBN 978-90-04-24173-2 (e-book) Copyright 2012 by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands. Koninklijke Brill NV incorporates the imprints Brill, Global Oriental, Hotei Publishing, IDC Publishers and Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use is granted by Koninklijke Brill NV provided that the appropriate fees are paid directly to The Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Suite 910, Danvers, MA 01923, USA. Fees are subject to change. This book is printed on acid-free paper. CONTENTS Preface ................................................................................................................ ix Abbreviations ................................................................................................... xi List of Contributors ........................................................................................ xvii PART ONE HISTORY OF THE SEPTUAGINT IN GENERAL The Pentateuch in Greek and the Authorities of the Jews ................ 3 Arie van der Kooij The Biblical Canon and Beyond: Theological and Historical Context of the Codices of Alexandria ................................................. 21 Heinz-Josef Fabry PART TWO TRANSLATION TECHNIQUE AND TEXT HISTORY Revisiting the Rock: Tsur as a Translation of Elohim in Deuteronomy and Beyond ...................................................................... 37 Melvin K. H. Peters Judges 3:12–30: An Analysis of the Greek Rendering of Hebrew Wordplay ...................................................................................................... 53 Hans Ausloos B or not B? The Place of Codex Vaticanus in Textual History and in Septuagint Research .................................................................... 69 Siegfried Kreuzer Übersetzungstechnik und Textkritik in den Esdrasbüchern: Hendiadyoin, Doppelübersetzungen und Wiederholungsvariationen in 1 Esdr .................................................... 97 Dieter Böhler SJ vi contents In Search of the Old Greek Text of 4 Maccabees ................................. 127 Robert J. V. Hiebert The Relationship between the LXX Versions of Proverbs and Job .... 145 Johann Cook An Analysis of the Use of Hebel as a Metaphorical and Symbolic Device as Interpreted in LXX Ecclesiastes ......................................... 157 Lawrence Lincoln The θεός and κύριος Terms in the Isaiah Text and their Impact on the New Testament: Some Observations ........................................... 173 Peter Nagel Revisiting the Original Greek of Ezekiel 18 ............................................. 193 Harry F. van Rooy Theology after the Crisis: The Septuagint Version of Daniel 8–12 ... 207 Martin Rösel PART THREE TEXTUAL CRITICISM The Value of the Septuagint for Textual Criticism of the Hebrew Bible as Illustrated by the Oxford Hebrew Bible Edition of 1 Kings ............................................................................................................ 223 Jan Joosten Gottesbildfragen in den Lesartendifferenzen zwischen dem masoretischen und dem alexandrinischen Text des Jeremiabuches ............................................................................................. 237 Hermann-Josef Stipp Two Difficult Passages in the Hebrew Texts of Lamentations 5: Text-Critical Analyses of the Greek Translation .............................. 275 Gideon R. Kotzé Amos 5:26—Überlegungen zur Textkritik, Textgeschichte und Übersetzung eines schwierigen Bibelverses ...................................... 297 Eberhard Bons contents vii PART FOUR RECEPTION Die Schriftzitate im ersten Christentum und die Textgeschichte der Septuaginta: Ein Wuppertaler Forschungsprojekt ................... 311 Martin Karrer und Johannes de Vries Ιουδιθ und Iudith: Überlegungen zum Verhältnis der Judit-Erzählung in der LXX und der Vulgata .................................... 359 Barbara Schmitz PsalmsLXX and the Christian Definition of Space: Examples Based on Inscriptions from Central Asia Minor .............................. 381 Cilliers Breytenbach The Testament of Job as an Adaptation of LXX Job .............................. 395 Jessie Rogers On Kingship in Philo and the Wisdom of Solomon ............................ 409 Jonathan More The Text Form of the Isaiah Quotations in the Sondergut Matthäus Compared to the Dead Sea Scrolls, Masoretic Text and Septuagint ............................................................................................ 427 Gert J. Steyn Die Rezeption von Jer 38:31–34 (LXX) in Hebräer 8–10 und dessen Funktion in der Argumentation des Hebräerbriefes ...................... 447 Wolfgang Kraus Index of Ancient Sources ............................................................................. 463 Index of Subjects ............................................................................................. 489 PREFACE The heading of this volume is owed to the fact that it arose from a bilat- eral research programme titled “Text-critical and Hermeneutical Studies in the Septuagint”, which was conducted from 2009 to 2011 by Johann Cook, from the Department of Ancient Studies at the University of Stellenbosch, and Hermann-Josef Stipp, from the Department of Old Tes- tament at the Faculty of Catholic Theology of the University of Munich. The project was funded jointly by the National Research Foundation of South Africa and the Internationales Büro des Bundesministeriums für Bildung und Forschung (International Bureau of the Federal Ministry of Education and Research). The shared research enterprise was rounded off by a conference that took place from 31st of August–2nd of September 2011 at the Wallenberg Research Centre, Stellenbosch Institute for Advanced Studies (STIAS), and was held in cooperation with the Association for the Study of the Septuagint in South Africa (LXXSA). Scholars from Germany, the Netherlands, Ireland, Belgium, France, Canada and the USA, as well as South Africa, kindly accepted the invitation to deliver papers. Most of the lectures read on this occasion have been incorporated in the collection. Moreover, Eberhard Bons contributed an essay although he was unable to participate in the conference. As editors of this volume we would like to express our gratitude towards various persons and institutions. The National Research Founda- tion of South Africa and the Internationales Büro des Bundesministeriums für Bildung und Forschung contributed substantially towards the costs of the research project and the conference. The Universities of Munich and Stellenbosch offered an environment highly conducive to fruitful research. The Division of Research Development at the University of Stellenbosch has been extremely helpful in obtaining financial and other assistance. A word of thanks to Brigitte Cyster and Tonya Hall from the Department of Ancient Studies at the US is in order for their unstinting efforts in mak- ing the arrangements for the congress. Further, Gert Steyn and Pierre Jordaan in their capacity as executive committee members of the LXXSA were very supportive throughout this whole endeavour. We are especially indebted to the participants