WORKING GROUP ON CEPHALOPOD FISHERIES AND LIFE HISTORY (WGCEPH; outputs from 2019 meeting) VOLUME 2 | ISSUE 46 ICES SCIENTIFIC REPORTS RAPPORTS SCIENTIFIQUES DU CIEM ICES INTERNATIONAL COUNCIL FOR THE EXPLORATION OF THE SEA CIEM CONSEIL INTERNATIONAL POUR L’EXPLORATION DE LA MER International Council for the Exploration of the Sea Conseil International pour l’Exploration de la Mer H.C. Andersens Boulevard 44–46 DK-1553 Copenhagen V Denmark Telephone (+45) 33 38 67 00 Telefax (+45) 33 93 42 15 www.ices.dk [email protected] The material in this report may be reused for non-commercial purposes using the recommended cita- tion. ICES may only grant usage rights of information, data, images, graphs, etc. of which it has owner- ship. For other third-party material cited in this report, you must contact the original copyright holder for permission. For citation of datasets or use of data to be included in other databases, please refer to the latest ICES data policy on ICES website. All extracts must be acknowledged. For other reproduction requests please contact the General Secretary. This document is the product of an expert group under the auspices of the International Council for the Exploration of the Sea and does not necessarily represent the view of the Council. ISSN number: 2618–1371 I © 2020 International Council for the Exploration of the Sea ICES Scientific Reports Volume 2 | Issue 46 WORKING GROUP ON CEPHALOPOD FISHERIES AND LIFE HISTORY (WGCEPH; outputs from 2019 meeting) Recommended format for purpose of citation: ICES. 2020. Working Group on Cephalopod Fisheries and Life History (WGCEPH; outputs from 2019 meeting). ICES Scientific Reports. 2:46. 121 pp. http://doi.org/10.17895/ices.pub.6032 Editors Gra ha m J. Pi erce • Jea n-Paul Robin • Ana Moreno • Da niel Oesterwind Authors Es ther Aba d • Ni cholas Badouvas • Ni kolaos Fotiadis • Ángel F. Gonzá lez • Ane Iri ondo • Ana Jua rez • Alexandra Karatza • Vladimir Laptikhovsky • Angela Larivain • Evgenia Lefkaditou • Fedor Lishchenko • Fá bi o L. Ma tos • Ana Moreno • Si lvia Monteiro • Da niel Oesterwind • Catalina Perales-Raya • Michael Petroni • Uwe Pi a tkowski • Gra ham J. Pi erce • Cri stina Pi ta • Anne Ma rie Power • Jea n-Paul Robin • Al - berto Rocha • El i na Sa mara • Ma rina Sa nturtun • Sóni a Seixas • Lui s Silva • Jenni fer Smi th • Ignacio So- brino • Julio Valeiras • Sebastian Villasante ICES | WGCEPH 2019 | I Contents i Executive summary .............................................................................................................................ii ii Expert group information ................................................................................................................. iii 1 ToR A: Cephalopod stock status and trends ...................................................................................... 1 1.1 I ntr oduc ti on ........................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Trends in landings , dis cards and s urvey i ndices.................................................................. 5 2 ToR B: Preliminary assessments of the main cephalopod species in the ICES area .....................41 2.1 Trends in northeast Atla ntic c ephalopod s tocks ...............................................................41 2.2 Reviews of stock assessment and fisheries management of cephalopods .....................42 2.3 Theme Session H at the 2019 ICES ASC..............................................................................43 2.4 Forecasting abundance of Octopus vulgaris in the Gulf of Cadiz.....................................45 2.5 Preliminary diagnostics in NE Atlantic Cephalopod Stocks using Surplus Production Models ..............................................................................................................46 3 ToR C: Information on life history parameters................................................................................47 3.1 Manuscript on the life history and ecology of cephalopods in European waters ..........47 3.2 Other work on life his tory and ecol ogy of cephal opods in European waters.................49 4 ToR D: Social and economic profile of the cephalopod fisheries...................................................52 4.1 Review of the management of octopus fisheries in Europe ............................................52 4.2 Value-chai n of cephalopods fis heri es ................................................................................53 5 ToR E: Tools for identification cephalopod species and data collection .......................................54 5.1 Identification guide .............................................................................................................54 5.2 Da ta c oll ec tion r ecommenda tions .....................................................................................64 6 Actions list ..........................................................................................................................................69 7 References .........................................................................................................................................70 Annex 1: Lis t of par ti cipa nts ...............................................................................................................72 Annex 2: Resol uti ons...........................................................................................................................75 Annex 3: Supplementary Information and Working Documents ....................................................78 Working Document: Spanish Cephal opod landi ngs and discards..................................................81 Working Document: Preliminary diagnosis in Northeast Atlantic Cephalopod Stock using Stochas ti c Surplus Production models.............................................................................................92 II | ICES SCIENTIFIC REPORTS 2:46 | ICES i Executive summary The Working Group on Cephalopod Fisheries and Life History (WGCEPH) improves knowledge about and the assessment of cephalopods as an exploited resource WGCEPH report provides information on status and trends in cephalopod stocks; preliminary assessments of selected stocks update information on life history parameters; social and eco- nomic profile of the cephalopod fisheries; recommended tools for identification cephalopod spe- cies; updat ed best practices for data collection. Cuttlefish landings from the main fishing grounds (English Channel and Bay of Biscay) have decreased in recent years, although landings by UK vessels in the English Channel have in- creased. Squid landings are still mainly reported at family level, making it harder to infer stock status and trends. Loliginid squid landings have increased in northern areas and decreased in southern areas. Survey data suggest a decrease in abundance of L. forbesii and an increase in L. vulgaris. Abundance of ommastrephid squid fluctuates widely with occasional peaks, the timing and size of which varies between species and areas. Octopus are mainly landed in southern Europe and comprise mainly of Octopus vulgaris. Abundance varies widely from year to year with no clear trends. Commercial LPUE and survey CPUE follow similar trends in some areas. An update is provided on progress with stock assessment. An assessment exercise using pro- duction models gave satisfactory results for loliginid squid and cuttlefish in several areas. A forecasting model for Octopus vulgaris, driven by environmental variables and a recruitment in- dex, is also presented. WGCEPH members organised a theme session (H, on non-quota and data- poor species) at the ICES Annual Science Conference (ASC) 2019. Several presentations during this session, linked to WGCEPH work, are summarised. New review and synthesis work carried out on cephalopod life history, management of octopus fisheries and markets for cephalopods is summarised and is expected to be submitted for publi- cation shortly. Relevant work was also presented at the ICES ASC 2019. Progress with North Sea identification guide is described and the list of identification guides and keys has been updated. Current fishery data collection for cephalopods in the EU is described and proposals for improved data collection are presented. Fundamentally, this requires full iden- tification of cephalopod landings to species. Increased frequency of sampling would facilitate in- season stock assessment. ICES | WGCEPH 2019 | III ii Expert group information Expert group name Working Group on Cephalopod Fisheries and Life History (WGCEPH) Expert group cycle multia nnual Year cycle started 2017 Reporting year in cycle 3/3 Chairs Graham Pierce, Spain Jean-Paul Robin, France Meeting venues and dates 6–9 June 2017, Funcha l, Madeira, Portugal (19 participa nts) 5–8 June 2018, Pasaia, San Sebastian, Spain (11 participants) 4–7 June 2019, Athens, Greece (18 participants) ICES | WGCEPH 2019 | 1 1 ToR A: Cephalopod stock status and trends ToR A: Report on cephalopod stock status and trends: Update, quality check and analyse rele- vant data on European fishery statistics (landings, directed effort, discards and survey catches) across the ICES area. 1.1 Introduction Updated data on Northeast Atlantic fishery statistics and survey catches for cephalopods was obtained via the “Fisheries Data call 2019” call issued by ICES for all working groups. The call w as launched on 30 January 2019. A correction related to discards data for cephalopod