Asterids Eudicots (Tricolpates) “Basal eudicots” Rosids Asterids Asterids Asterids Core asterids Lamiids Campanulids Asterids Asterids Core asterids Lamiids Campanulids Asterids Asterids Dipsacales Caprifoliaceae Dipsacales Caprifoliaceae, Adoxaceae (elderberry) Caprifoliaceae Lonicera ciliosa Valeriana sitchensis Lonicera japonica orange honeysuckle Sitka valerian Japanese honeysuckle Linnaea borealis Weigela florida Scabiosa columbaria twinflower weigela pincushion flower Caprifoliaceae leaves opposite Caprifoliaceae corolla zygomorphic Caprifoliaceae ovary inferior Caprifoliaceae fruit: berry, drupe, capsule, or achene Caprifoliaceae Adoxaceae Caprifoliaceae Dipsacaceae Valerianaceae Donoghue et al., 2001 Caprifoliaceae Adoxaceae Caprifoliaceae Donoghue et al., 2001 Caprifoliaceae Adoxaceae Caprifoliaceae Diervillaceae Dipsacaceae Valerianaceae Donoghue et al., 2001 Linnaeaceae Apiales Apiaceae Apiales Apiaceae, Araliaceae (English ivy) Apiaceae / Umbelliferae Loma9um dissectum desert parsley Sanicula bipinnafida Eryngium amethis9um sanicle sea holly Heracleum maximum Conium maculatum J.-L. David, The Death of Socrates cow-parsnip poison hemlock Apiaceae / Umbelliferae Daucus carota Pas9naca sava Apium graveolens Foeniculum vulgare carrot parsnip celery fennel Petroselinum Coriandrum savum Coriandrum savum Pimpinella anisum parsley cilantro coriander anise Apiaceae / Umbelliferae leaf bases sheathing Apiaceae / Umbelliferae inflorescence: umbel, oen compound Apiaceae / Umbelliferae flowers 5-merous, petals and stamens free Apiaceae / Umbelliferae zygomorphic and acPnomorphic flowers in umbel Apiaceae / Umbelliferae stylopodium (swollen style base), inferior ovary Apiaceae / Umbelliferae fruit: schizocarp Asterales Campanulaceae, Asteraceae Campanulaceae Campanula rotundifolia Downingia yina Lobelia cardinalis common harebell Cascade calicoflower cardinal flower Campanula lasiocarpa Campanula cochleariifolia Lobelia erinus Alaska bellflower fairies’ thimbles edging lobelia Campanulaceae milky latex Campanulaceae corollas acPnomorphic or zygomorphic (2- or 1-lipped) Campanulaceae anthers held together or fused together, forming tube around style Campanulaceae secondary pollen presentaon plunger/brush pollinaon Campanulaceae inferior ovary, fruit: capsule or berry Asteraceae / Compositae Arnica lafolia Artemisia tridentata Cirsium arvense mountain arnica big sagebrush Canada thistle Erigeron peregrinus Balsamorhiza sagitata Taraxacum officinale wandering fleabane arrowleaf balsamroot dandelion Asteraceae / Compositae Lactuca sava Chrysanthemum culPvar leuce Cynara cardunculus chrysanthemum arPchoke Matricaria chamomilla Helianthus annuus Zinnia culPvar German chamomile sunflower zinnia Asteraceae / Compositae inflorescence: head (capitulum), surrounded by whorl of bracts (involucral bracts/phyllaries) Asteraceae / Compositae disk florets: corolla acPnomorphic Asteraceae / Compositae calyx none or modified (pappus) anthers fused to form tube around style ovary inferior Asteraceae / Compositae ray and ligulate florets: corolla zygomorphic – forms ligule Asteraceae / Compositae radiate head: ray florets at margin, disk florets in center Asteraceae / Compositae bracts subtending florets in receptacle (chaff) Asteraceae / Compositae discoid head: disk florets only Asteraceae / Compositae ligulate head: ligulate florets only Asteraceae / Compositae fruit: achene (cypsela), if present, pappus oNen funcPons in fruit dispersal .