Mona Vale General Cemetery, 107 Mona Vale Road, Mona Vale, NSW Conservation Management Plan Prepared by Betteridge Consulting Pty Ltd t/a MUSEc a p e for Northern Beaches Council Final, 29 May 2017 Betteridge Consulting Pty Ltd t/a MUSEcape (ABN 15 602 062 297) 42 BOTANY STREET RANDWICK NSW 2031 Tel: 61 (0)2 9314 6642 Email: [email protected] Web: www.musecape.com.au Mobile (Margaret Betteridge): +61 (0)419 238 996 Mobile (Chris Betteridge): +61 (0)419 011 347 SPECIALISTS IN THE IDENTIFICATION, ASSESSMENT, MANAGEMENT AND INTERPRETATION OF CULTURAL HERITAGE Table of Contents Foreword ........................................................................................................................................ 7 1.0 Executive summary ................................................................................................................... 8 2.0 Introduction ............................................................................................................................ 11 2.1 Background ................................................................................................................... 11 2.2 Objectives and structure of the CMP ............................................................................ 11 2.3 Where this plan applies ................................................................................................ 11 2.4 Methodology ................................................................................................................ 13 2.5 Author identification and experience ........................................................................... 14 2.6 Acknowledgments ........................................................................................................ 14 2.7 Abbreviations ................................................................................................................ 14 2.8 Limitations .................................................................................................................... 15 2.9 Disclaimer and copyright .............................................................................................. 15 3.0 Analysis of documentary evidence ......................................................................................... 16 3.1 Cemetery timeline ........................................................................................................ 16 3.2 Evolution of the cemetery landscape ........................................................................... 25 3.3 Burial statistics .............................................................................................................. 29 3.4 Monumental masons and funeral directors ................................................................. 30 3.5 Historical themes & ability to demonstrate ................................................................. 30 4.0 Analysis of physical evidence .................................................................................................. 31 4.1 The environmental context & site description ............................................................. 31 4.2 Identification of existing fabric ..................................................................................... 31 4.2.1 Monuments .......................................................................................................... 34 4.2.2 Grave ornaments .................................................................................................. 37 4.2.3 Layout and paths .................................................................................................. 38 4.2.4 Boundary treatments ............................................................................................ 40 4.2.5 Remnant vegetation and ornamental plantings ................................................... 42 4.2.6 Signage .................................................................................................................. 43 4.2.7 Buildings and other structures .............................................................................. 47 4.2.8 Archival material ................................................................................................... 49 4.3 Adjoining development and landscape character ........................................................ 50 4.4 Views analysis & visual absorption capacity ................................................................. 50 4.2.1 Views into the cemetery ....................................................................................... 50 4.2.2 Views out of the cemetery.................................................................................... 50 4.2.3 Views & vistas within the cemetery ...................................................................... 50 4.2.4 Visual absorption capacity .................................................................................... 51 4.5 Physical condition ......................................................................................................... 51 5.0 Comparative Analysis .............................................................................................................. 51 5.1 Frenchs Forest Bushland Cemetery .............................................................................. 52 5.2 Macquarie Park Cemetery and Crematorium ............................................................... 52 5.3 Field of Mars Cemetery ................................................................................................ 52 5.4 Gore Hill Memorial Cemetery ....................................................................................... 52 5.5 Northern Suburbs Memorial Gardens and Crematorium ............................................ 53 5.6 Manly Cemetery ........................................................................................................... 53 5.7 Church Point Cemetery ................................................................................................. 54 5.8 Conclusion .................................................................................................................... 54 6.0 Assessment of Cultural Significance ........................................................................................ 54 6.1 Principles and basis for assessment.............................................................................. 54 6.2 Assessment methodology ............................................................................................. 55 6.3 Current heritage listings ............................................................................................... 56 6.4 Review of heritage significance .................................................................................... 56 6.4.1 Historical Significance (Criterion A) ...................................................................... 56 6.4.2 Historical Associational Significance (Criterion B) ................................................ 56 6.4.3 Aesthetic Significance (Criterion C) ....................................................................... 56 6.4.4 Social Significance (Criterion D) ............................................................................ 56 6.4.5 Technical Significance and Research Potential (Criterion E) ................................. 57 6.4.6 Rarity (Criterion F) ................................................................................................ 57 6.4.7 Representativeness (Criterion G) .......................................................................... 57 6.5 Archaeological Significance .......................................................................................... 57 6.5.1 Definitions ............................................................................................................. 57 6.5.2 Archaeological Zones: ........................................................................................... 58 6.6 New summary statement of significance ..................................................................... 58 6.7 Grading of significance ................................................................................................. 59 6.7.1 Rationale for grading ............................................................................................ 59 6.7.2 Application of gradings to cemetery elements ..................................................... 60 6.8 Curtilage Considerations ............................................................................................... 61 6.8.1 Some Definitions ................................................................................................... 61 6.8.2 Determination of a curtilage for Mona Vale General Cemetery .......................... 61 6.9 Amendment to State Heritage Inventory form ............................................................ 62 7.0 Issues, constraints and opportunities ..................................................................................... 62 7.1 Constraints arising from cultural significance .............................................................. 62 Because the .............................................................................................................................. 62 7.2 Constraints arising from the Burra Charter .................................................................. 62 7.3 Constraints & obligations arising from statutory & non-statutory controls & listings . 65 7.3.1 National