GESCHICHTE DES ARABISCHEN SCHRIFTTUMS B AN D IV ALCHIMIE - CHEMIE BOTANIK - AGRIKULTUR B IS ca. 430 H. VON FUAT SEZGIN ■ % f i ___ L E ID E N E. J. BRILL 1971 MEINEM LIEBEN FREUND Copyright igyi by E. J. Brill, Leiden, Netherlands. MATTHIAS SCHRAMM A ll rights reserved. No pari o f this book may he reproduced or translated in IN ALTER ANHÄNGLICHKEIT ZUGEEIGNET anyform, hy print, photoprint, microfilm or any other means without written permission from the puhlisher. PRINTED IN GERMANY BY RHEINGOLD-DRUCKEREI MAINZ INHALTSVERZEICHNIS Erstes Kapitel: Alchimie-Chemie ................ i I. Einführung .............................................................................................. 3 II. Quellen Hermes ...................................................................................................... 31 Petesis oder Petasios ................................................... .... 44 Thaies ................................................................ .......................................... 45 P yth ag o ras.................................. 45 Agathodaimon . .............................. 47 Leukippos . .......................... .............................................. 48 E m p e d o ld e s .................................. 49 Demokrites ............................................................................................. 49 Ostanes . .......................... .... .............................. .... 51 Archelaos................. .... ........................................................‘. .... 54 Chimes .............................. ................................. .... 54 Krates .................................................................................................. .... 55 Markos ..................................................................................... .... 57 Sesonq (?)...................................... 57 Armiyänüs oder Armlnus ..................... .... 58 Asfidiyus (Asldepius). .......................... 58 Öämäsb al-IJakim ..................... 59 Turba Philosophorum . ... 60 M ufhaf al-§amä'a I I ...................................... 66 Andriyä oder Adriyänüs ..... \ .............................. .... 66 , Afyäwus (?) a l-H a k lm ..........................' . i . .' . 67 Äras al-IJakim ...................................... .... 68 Theodoros ............................................... 69 K le o p a t r a .................................................................... .... 70 M a r i a ................. ................................................................................ 70 Z o s im o s ............................................... ...... ..... ; 73 Apollonius von Tyana . ..........................· . .... 77 K . al-Hablb ............................................................i ....... 91 Azdätälis . ............................................... .... 94 S o k ra te s .................................. 94 Platon ........................................................................................... 96 Aristoteles ................................................................ ......................... 100 P o rp h yriu s............................................................................ .... 104 Mihrärls al-yaklm .................... .............................................. .... 105 Sergios von R eä'ain ä ................. .............................................. i 106 H e ra k le io s ................................................................................. : 107 Stephanos von Alexandria .................................. .... X07 VIII INHALTSVERZEICHNIS INHALTSVERZEICHNIS IX Mariyänus a r-R ä h ib ...................................................................................u o Abu 1-Isba* ‘Abdal'aziz b. T a m m ä m ................................................... 290 Qärün ( K o r a h ) ........................................................................................... m al-Qädl ‘A b d a lg a b b ä r .............................................................................290 Sit (Seth) .................................................................................................... Ibn M is k a w a ih ..........................................................................................291 Idris ............................................................................................................. “ 2 Abu 1-Hakim al-K äti.................................................................................291 Teukros (TankalüSä) ................................................................................... “ 2 Mihyär a l-M ag ü sI..................................................................................... 292 Äsaf b. Barahyä’ b. Kmü’Il ...........................; .................................. n ? Abu ‘Abdallah b. B äk ü ya .................................................................... 293 Biyün a l-B arah m l....................................................................................... 1^7 Ta'wtd al-H äkim ..................................................................................... 293 Sabbäh b. iJannä al-Hakim ............................... .................................. ii8 al-M u fId ............................................................' .......................................294 Tumtum a l-H in d l............................................................. ii8 Säh R a z i n .................................................................................................. 294 äl-lsrä’lll .......................... .......................................· · .............................. Wahb b. ö ä m i '......................................................................................... 294 Abü Maslama a l-M ag rIti........................................................................ 294 III, Arabische Alchimisten und Chemiker (bis ca. 430 Higra) Ibn B iä rü n .................................................................................................. 298 Hälid b. Yazld ................................................................................... .... · 12° Ahmad b. Yüsuf al-UmawI.................................................................... 299 a“l - A z d I ................. .................................................................................. · 126 Muhammad al-Qumrl a s -S ü fi................................................................299 liarb l a l- I iim y a r l.................................................... 127 a r-R ä h ib ........................................................................................................ ^27 Zweites Kapitel: Botanik - A grikultur....................................................... 301 Öa'far a s -S ä d iq ....................................................................................... .... 128 I. Einführung ................................................... .......................................... 303 a§-äaih al-Gazarl ........................................................................................131 Sa'Id b. iJakam ................................................................................... .... 131 II. Quellen Öumhür al-Firangi. ................................................................................... 131 Demokritos .............................................................................................. 310 H a t lia l- H in d i....................................................................................... · 132 A risto te le s..................................................................................................312 Muäriq b. !5 a i y ä n .................................................................................. .... 132 Theophrast..................................................................................................313 Sufyän at-Tauri .............................................................................. · · 132 Dioskurides ..............................................................................................314 Gäbir b. l i a i y ä n ...................................................................................... 132 Galen ...........................................................................................................314 a) Das Leben Öäbirs ....................................... .................................. I 33 Anatolios .................................................................................................. 314 b) Die Leistungen Öäbirs ...................................................................... 136 Apollonius von T y a n a ............................................................................ 315 c) Die Quellen ö ä b i r s ..........................................................................150 Qustüs ...................................................................................................... 317 d) Rückbhck auf die Diskussion um Person und Werk von Öäbir 175 Das Buch der „Nabatäischen Landwirtschaft” ..............................318 e) Die Werke Öäbirs ..............................................................................231 Y ah yä b. Hälid al-Barmakl ................................... .... 269 III. Arabische Botaniker und Agronomen (bis ca. 430 Higra) al-Fadl b. Yahyä al-Barmakl ................................... ..............................270 Subail b. ‘A d r a ........................................................................................