QL AMERICAN FOREIGN SERVICE "" JOURNAL AUGUST, 1945 JAMES F. BYRNES TAKES OATH AS SECRETARY OF STATE , Mt 9 W r Mi j( - m ♦ * 1 ■ ■ ■ HR . •'.£ f, ppfcp J THIS IS NOT FRANCE, BUT T HAS TAKEN a world war to make that American vintners have a tradition I many of us here at home realize that which reaches back into Colonial days. in some ways we are not as dependent To their surprise, when other sources upon foreign sources as we had thought. were cut off, they found that American We have frequently found that our own wines are often superior to the imported home-grown products are as good as — peacetime products. We know this be¬ and often better than —those we once cause unbiased experts say so—and be¬ imported as a matter of course. cause the active demand for CrestaBlanca One such instance is California wine. is increasing daily. People in the States used to believe that Maybe you haven’t yet had the op¬ only European wines could measure up portunity to enjoy Cresta Blanca. If not, to every standard of excellence. Perhaps you owe it to your critical taste to try they were not aware that the climate and some of its nine superb types...and to soil of California is comparable to that let your friends share the experience of of the most famous French vineyards; so many of us back home. CRESTA BLANCA for over fifty years the finest of North American wines CONTENTS AUGUST, 1945 Cover Picture: James F. Byrnes Takes Oath as Secretary of State (See also page 50) Foreign Service Changes 5 Press and Radio News Arrangements at the San Francisco Conference 7 By Homer M. Byington, Jr. Mr. Hull Signing the United Nations Charter 11 The Federal Employees Pay Act of 1945 and the Foreign Service 12 By M. L. Leap Liberian Legacy 15 By Clare H. Timberlake Suggestions for Improving th<* Foreign Service and its Administration to Meet its War and Post-War Responsibilities 18 By James W. Gantenbein Press Comment 21 Editors’ Column 22 Assured Purity... Statements bv Secretarv of State James F. Bvrnes At Home or Abroad and the Outgoing Secretary of State Edward R. Stettinius 23 Poland Water, one of the world’s finest table waters, has been privileged to enjoy the prefer¬ letters to the Editors 24 ence of discriminating Embassies, Consulates, and Legations for almost 100 years. News from the Field 26 Of unparalleled purity and crystal clear this The Bookshelf 28 notably distinguished water is bottled just as it By Francis C. de Wolf, Review Editor flows from nature’s deep rock sources at famous Poland Spring, in Maine. Salute to San Francisco 30 Delightfully tasteful and refreshing, healthful By Harry W. Frantz Poland \\ ater can be depended upon always to Birth 32 contribute its recognized purity regardless of where you may be. Enjoy its beneficial qualities Marriage 32 regularly.* If abroad, order direct from the States. *A case of 24 half-gallons approximates the average consumption per person per month. In Memoria m 32 Foreign Service Examination for Veterans 33 Service Glimpses 34, 35 Naturalization Officer 36 Visitors 63 Issued monthly by the American Foreign Service Associa¬ tion, Department of State, Washington, D. C. Entered as second-class matter at the Post Office in Washington. D. C., under the act of March 3, 1879. BOTTLED ONLY AT THE SPRING AUGUST, 1945 1 THE IMPORTANT DIFFERENCE between Chesterfield and other cigarettes is its bal¬ anced blend of the finest aromatic Turkish tobacco and the choicest of several American varieties com¬ bined to bring out the finer qualities of each tobacco. RIGHT COMBINATION WORLD’S BEST TOBACCOS Copyright 1945, LIGGETT & MYERS TOBACCO CO. THE AMERICAN FOREIGN SERVICE JOURNAL INDEX FOR ADVERTISERS American Eastern Corp. 46 American Security and Trust Company 37 BARR SERVICE Association of Pacific Fisheries - 63 Thirty Years of Continuous Service to Exporters and Importers Aviation Corporation, The 52 Bacardi 48 • Barr Shipping Co — — 3 International Bellows and Co., Inc. — 40 SHIPPING AGENTS Bowling Green Storage & Van Co — 5 Calvert School — 52 FOREIGN FREIGHT FORWARDERS Campbell, W. D., & Co. - — 52 FREIGHT AND CUSTOM HOUSE Chase National Bank — ~ 58 BROKERS Douglas Aircraft Company 41 INSURANCE Firestone Tire and Rubber Co 6 • Goodyear — — 39 Grace Line 44 BARR SHIPPING COMPANY Hiram Ricker & Sons, Poland Water .. 1 is able to help its clients achieve that most important factor in international trade— International Telephone & Telegraph - 47 mutual understanding and confidence be¬ Leggett, Francis H., & Company 4 tween seller and buyer. Liggett & Myers Tobacco Co. - — 2 For thirty years BARR SHIPPING COM¬ Mayflower Hotel — — — 49 PANY has dealt with exporters and import¬ ers in a score of foreign countries, and National C’ty Brnk 54 experience is a good teacher. National Distillers Corp. — — 55 In the export business, perhaps mo'e than National Geographic Magazine 45 in any other, it is fundamentally true that: Pan-American Airways, Inc. 57 GOODWILL is an asset Schenley Products II & III COVERS Whose Market Value Never Fluctuates Security Storage Company of Washington — 37 Socony-Vacuum Oil Co., Inc _ 53 On request, we will mail you a copy of « booklet Southern and Standard Engravers - 50 containing American Foreign Trade Definitions. Texaco Petroleum Products 59 Tyner, Miss E. J. 63 United Fruit Company - 63 BARR SHIPPING United States Fidelity and Guaranty Company 58 COMPANY Waldorf-Astoria Hotel — —IV COVER HARRY K. BARR, President Westinghouse 43 Wright Aeronautical Corp 51 25 BROADWAY NEW YORK 4, N. Y. CABLE: —All Codes — BARRSHIPCO Please mention THE AMERICAN FOREIGN SERVICE JOURNAL when writing to advertisers. AUGUST, 1945 3 /V«J OI>L K ; ' . FOC)DS CrGnME - * ®^ler Jrenierj-re^i^T|ren?i ren?ier rentier fren7ieh ren ^ren?ier }> ?l> ^PEANUT COFFEE r BUTTER TEA Wherever you go throughout the world you Not only will you enjoy the finest of Ameri¬ can enjoy Premier Famous-for-Flavor Foods. can foods, selected and prepared according to most rigid standards, but you will be as¬ Let them follow you by availing yourself of sured of efficient service down to the minutest our EXPORT SERVICE developed for the details of packing and shipping. convenience of foreign service officers and Many foreign service families have for years their families. enjoyed this serivce. EXPORT DIVISION PRANCIS H- LEGGETT & COMPANY HUDSON RIVER, 27TH TO 28TH STREETS NEW YORK CITY, N. Y., U. S. A. 4 THE AMERICAN FOREIGN SERVICE JOURNAL FOREIGN SERVICE CHANGES The following changes have occurred in the American Foreign Service since June /, 1945: William C. Affeld, Jr., of Minneapolis, Minnesota, Sec¬ ond Secretary of Embassy at Guatemala, Guatemala, has been assigned American Foreign Service Officer attached to the staff of United States Political Advisor of German affairs, SHAEF. John M. Allison of Lincoln, Nebraska, Second Secretary of Embassy and American Consul at London, England, has been designated First Secretary of Embassy and Amer¬ ican Consul at the same place and will continue to serve in dual capacity. V. Harwood Blocker of Honod, Texas, American Vice Consul at Victoria, Brazil, has been assigned Vice Consul at Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Robert M. Brandin of New York, New York, American Vice Consul at Madrid, Spain, has been assigned to the Department of State for duty. Basil D. Dahl of Blair, Wisconsin, Commercial attache at Wellington, Newr Zealand, has been assigned to the Depart¬ ment of State for duty. Sherburne Dillingham of Milburn, New Jersey, Second Secretary of Embassy at Caracas, Venezuela, has been as¬ signed to the Department of Stale for duty. FOREIGN and DOMESTIC John K. Emmerson of Canon City, Colorado, Second Sec¬ REMOVALS in safe steel lift retary of Embassy at Chungking, China, has been assigned to the Department of State for duty. vans, wooden vans or cases. Richard H. Hawkins, Jr., of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, American Vice Consul at Sydney, New' South Wales, Aus¬ tralia, has been assigned to the Department of State for duty. George D. Henderson of aPIo Alto, California, now in the Department of State, has been designated Secretary of Mission at Tirana, Albania. L. Randolph Higgs of West Point, Mississippi. Second Secretary of Legation and American Consul at Stockholm, Sweden, has been designated First Secretary of Legation and American Consul at the same place, and will continue to serve in dual capacity. Avery F. Peterson of Boise, Idaho, Second Secretary of Embassy and American Consul at London. England, has been designated First Secretary and American Consul at the same place, and will continue to serve in dual capacity. Henry E. Stebbins of Milton, Massachusetts, Second Sec¬ retary of Embassy and Americon Consul at London, Eng¬ land, has been designated First Secretary of Embassy and American Consul at the same place, and will continue to serve in dual capacity. The following changes have occurred in the American Foreign Service since June 16, 1945: Barry T. Benson of Sherman, Texas, now serving as STORAGE of household effects, American Consul at Cuidad Juarez, Mexico, has been as¬ signed Commercial Attache of Embassy at Managua, Nica¬ Works of Art, furniture, office ragua. records and private automobiles. Donald C. Bergus of South Bend, Indiana, now serving Washington Representative: as American Vice Consul of Embassy at Athens, Greece, FEDERAL STORAGE COMPANY has been assigned American Vice Consul at Patras, Greece, 1701 FLORIDA AVE.-ADams 5600 upon opening of that office. Aaron S. Brown of Bloomfield Hills, Michigan, now on duty in the Department of State, has been designated Sec¬ ond Secretary of Embassy at Bogota, Colombia. Richard W. Byrd of Norfolk, Virginia, nowr serving as American Vice Consul at Iskenderun, Turkey, has been assigned American Consul at Cherbourg, France.