Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-04136-3 - Black Germany: The Making and Unmaking of a Diaspora Community, 1884–1960 Robbie Aitken and Eve Rosenhaft Index More information Index Abbott, Robert S., 111, 145, 216 Antelmann, Bruno, 56–7, 59–60 Abyssinia, 207 Anumu, (Heinrich Ernst) Wilhelm, 105, Adam, Ahmed, 129 129, 134, 158 Adenauer, Konrad, 185 Aqua-Kaufmann, Zoya, 261, 270, 276, 278, African American (See also Robert 321, 324–6 S. Abbott, James Ford, Roi Ottley, Askari see military service Joel Augustus Rogers, Edward asocial, internment as, 274, 325 B. Toles, Scottsboro campaign) Association for German Settlement and experience of community, 5 Migration see Vereinigung für individuals in Nazi Germany, 253, 273–4 deutsche Siedlung und Wanderung interactions with Afro-Germans, 4, 153, Association France-Cameroun, 289–91 212, 216 Association of German-Spirited Cameroon press, reporting on Germany, 111, 114, Natives see Kamerun Eingeborenen 145, 154, 234, 248, 265, 273, 294–5 Deutsch Gesinnten Verein troops in Germany, 322, 327 Atangana, Karl, 81, 132, 172–3, 182–5 visitors to Germany, 111, 123, 163, 314, Atangana, Katharina, 177, 182–5, 319 319, 322 Atemengue, Joseph, 185 African Fruit Company, 227 Atoy, Thomas see Thoy Esomber African Training Institute, Wales, 42 Attang, Julius, 56 African Welfare Association Austerlitz, Gare d’, 314 see Afrikanischer Hilfsverein Auvergne, 307 Afrikanischer Hilfsverein, 129–31, 135, Awoudi, 84 203, 205, 209 Ayim, May see May Opitz Ahlert (Berlin butcher), 56 Akwa, Betote, 226 Bakari, Mtoro bin Mwinyi, 107 Akwa, Daniel, 50 Baker, Josephine, 146, 153, 163 Akwa, Dibussi, 226 Baldwin, James, 163 Akwa, Dika, 30, 84 Baum, Marie, 179 Akwa, Din, 226 Bavaria, 73–4, 130, 142 Akwa, Ludwig Mpundu, 30, 34–5, 39, 65, see also Munich, Würzburg 196, 198, 226 Bechhaus-Gerst, Marianne, 166 Akwa, Thomas Manga, 77, 81, 84–6, 104, Bell, Alexander Douala Manga, 31, 45–7, 111, 126, 140–1, 156, 164, 175–6, 64, 68, 81, 114–16, 173, 176, 186, 199, 204, 207, 218, 223, 225–7, 230, 189, 196, 281, 283, 308, 317 261 Bell, Alfred, 1, 24–30, 34, 39, 42, 44, 65, Albers, Hans, 149 195 Allen, Ferdinand, 274 Bell, Andrea Emma Manga (Tüke), 115, 289 Allen, Helen, 154 Bell, Andrea Manga, 114–16, 279, 289, Allen, Josie, 235, 262, 268, 274, 319, 322 309–10, 320 Altona see Hamburg Bell, August Manga, 14, 23, 27–8, 30, 46, Amrhein, Andreas, 35 48, 65, 97 Andritzki, Charlotte, 89, 112 Bell, Bismarck, 54–5 354 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-04136-3 - Black Germany: The Making and Unmaking of a Diaspora Community, 1884–1960 Robbie Aitken and Eve Rosenhaft Index More information Index 355 Bell, Eitel Manga Douala, 283 Boholle, Josef Bohinge, 60, 63, 74–5, 127, Bell, Ekwe, 84 131, 143, 176, 237–8, 240, 244, 253, Bell, Esebou, 68 320 Bell, Gottfried Manga, 36, 65 Boholle, Josefa Luise, 74–5, 151–2, 237–8, Bell, Hans, 71 253, 273, 278, 324 Bell, Henri Duala Manga, 281, 288, Boholle, Paul Artur, 74–5, 237–8, 247, 253, 304–5 273 Bell, Jacques Moudoute, 303 Boholle, Rudolf Bohinge, 74–5, 127, 151, Bell, Johannes, 107 237–8, 247, 253, 258, 320 Bell, José Manuel Manga, 115, 327 Boholle, Stefanie see Stefanie Urbanowski Bell, Joseph, 25, 27, 62–3, 112, 128, 141 Boimbo, Karl, 57 Bell, King see Ndumbe Lobe Bell Bonny, Ndoumbe, 68 Bell, Lobe, 197 Borck, Martha Ndumbe see Martha Bell, Manga Duala Manga see José Manuel Ndumbe Manga Bell Bordeaux, 82–3, 108, 191, 214, 282, 285, Bell, Mange Ndumbe see August Manga 306 Bell Bormann, Martin, 250, 256, 263 Bell, Max Same, 96, 176, 259 Bouli, Pierre N’Dongo, 303 Bell, Ndumbe Lobe (King Bell), 14, 24–5, Bower, Tom Jak, 133 27, 54, 186 Bremen, 44, 99–101, 141–2, 218, 263–4, Bell, Richard Din Manga, 137, 223 269, 273, 276 Bell, Rudolf Duala Manga, 31, 34, 42, 45, Britain (see also League of Nations) 56, 81, 84, 281, 303 black people in, 2–3, 6 ‘revolt’ and martyrdom, 182, 188–9, 196, Brittany, 304 198, 296 Brody, Louis, 93, 113, 117, 129, 146–9, Bell, Rudolphe Mandenge, 68 154, 170, 203, 207, 218, 247, 298, Bell, Rudolphe Njo, 81 322 Bell, Victor, 65, 127, 154, 207, 209, 214, Brown, Jacqueline Nassy, 10–11 216, 218, 231, 243, 259 Bruce, J. C., 56–7, 145 Benga, Féral, 163, 305 Bruce, Kwassi, 143–4, 235, 241, 246, Benga, François-Xavier, 306 250–2, 298, 322 Berger, Astrid, 328 Brückner, Edmund, 248, 250–1, 271 Berlin (see also sociability, prisons, Seminar Brühl, Bertha, 90, 105, 147 for Oriental Languages) Bund deutscher Mädel, 262–3 places of residence of Blacks, 128 Burkett, Charles, 145, 153 Berlin Conference 1885 (Congo Conference), 7, 24 Camelots du Roi, 295 Berlin, Ira, 14 Cameroon Besatzungskinder, 3, 327–8 Africans seeking repatriation to after Béton, Isaac, 301 World War One, 80–7 Bilé, Esther Sike, 179–82, 185 as German protectorate, 8–9 Bilé, Joseph Ekwe, 15, 64, 81, 90, 105–6, return of early travellers to, 37–43 131, 147, 153, 176, 207–23, 230–1, Cameroonian Union see Union 279, 291–5, 317 Camerounaise Bilé, Robert Ebolo, 64, 72–3, 181, Campt, Tina, 10–11, 104 208, 223 Chamberlain, Neville, 295, 297 Bilé a M’bule, James, 31, 49, 179, 181 Chan, Gottfried, 284, 289, 295–6, 298 Biloa, Maria, 132, 172, 182 Chattopadhyaya, Virendranath, 206, 210, bin Adamu, Subeiru, 81, 132 213, 215 bin Mohamed, Abdullah, 131 children, black, 94, 99–101, 105, 129–30 Bismarck, Herbert von, 24, 27–8, 195 see also Paul Malapa, Hans Bismarck, Otto von, 172 Massaquoi, Marie Nejar, Erika Diek, Bizer, Johannes, 52 Dorothea Diek) Blumenthal, Wally, 103, 164, 269 in National Socialism, 259–64 Bohner, Heinrich, 49 Christaller, Theodor, 27, 29, 53 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-04136-3 - Black Germany: The Making and Unmaking of a Diaspora Community, 1884–1960 Robbie Aitken and Eve Rosenhaft Index More information 356 Index circuses and circus performers, 68, 74, 92, Deutsche Gesellschaft für 144–6, 149–53, 209, 221, 251, Eingeborenenkunde, 69, 80, 87, 311–12, 320 98, 137–43, 156, 175, 194, 209, citizenship and naturalisation, 4, 16, 65, 69, 226, 232, 247–8, 250, 253, 255–7, 71–5, 79, 87, 96, 99–102, 104, 115, 271 143, 152, 163, 215, 233, 236–7, 240, Deutsche Gesellschaft für 244, 282–3, 302, 312, 317 Eingeborenenschutz, 139 in National Socialism, 236–40 Deutsche Kolonialgesellschaft, 58, 69, 138, Clifford, James, 10 143, 176, 228–9 Cohen, Anthony, 6 Deutsche Negerliga zur Verständigung und Cologne, 119, 299 Förderung des Colonial Institute, Hamburg, 23, 123, 132, Reichsgemeinschaftsgefühls und 134–5, 183 Anwaltschaft für deutsche colour line, 12, 14, 16, 88, 234 Negerrechte 1930, 204 Comité National pour la Défense des Diagne, Blaise, 191 Interêts du Cameroun, 295–6, 298 diaspora, 15–16, 18, 200, 216, 222–3 Communist Party of Germany defined, 9–11 see Kommunistische Partei Dibobe, Alma see Alma Rodmann Deutschlands Dibobe, Martin Quane, 16, 56, 60, 64, Communist University of the Toilers of 81–2, 91, 97, 103, 107–9, 176, the East, Moscow, 205, 210, 199–202, 205 219–22 Dibonge, Heinrich, 103, 128, 144–5, community, 11, 16–20, 63, 68, 117, 122, 163–4, 269, 320 126–7, 152, 159, 161–2, 234, 277, Dibonge, Sam, 147, 254 280, 320, 323, 328 Dibonge, Wally see Wally Blumenthal and post-1945 memory, 21, 324, 327 Dibotto, Richard, 303 defined, 7 Dick, Anna, 288 leaders see Mandenga Diek, Theophilus Dick, Christoph Anjo, 128, 148 Wonja Michael Dick, Josef Ekwé, 90–1 concentration camps Dickson, James see Benedikt Gambe Auschwitz, 232, 275, 314, 324 Dido, Ebobse, 1 Buchenwald, 274 Dido, Samson, 54, 178 Mauthausen, 309 Diek, Carl-Heinz, 129, 277 Ravensbrück, 273 Diek, Dorothea, 101, 116, 235, 238, Sachsenhausen, 270, 272–3 259–61, 265, 268, 272–3, 277–8, Stutthof, 273, 278 321–2, 324, 328 crime (see also sexuality) Diek, Emilie see Emilie Wiedelinski crime as a survival strategy, 155–9 Diek, Erika, 93, 101, 116–17, 238, 259, Cullen, Countee, 163 265, 271, 328 Diek, Erika Mandenga, 101, 116–17, 129, Daehnel, Hugo, 144 144, 238–40, 245, 249, 277, 319, Dagwe, Leo, 35 327 Daladier, Édouard, 297 Diek, Friederike see Friederike Schöning dandy see dress Diek, Mandenga, 63, 65, 72, 74, 81, 91–3, Danzig, 57, 65, 92, 128, 137, 153, 173, 96, 101, 116–17, 128, 133, 136–7, 238, 245, 261, 267–8, 277 148, 153, 173, 238, 243, 245, 298, Dayas, Doo, 64 302, 328 Deibold, Konrad, 29, 53 Dikonge, Joki, 37, 41 Deido, Eboa, 197 Dikongue de Mbongo, Peter Mukuri, Deido, Epee Ekwalla see Jim Ekwalla 227–9 Deido, Songue Epeye Ekuala, 46 Din, Adolf Ngoso, 188–9, 196, 198 Demba, Alfons, 34, 37–8, 41 Dinn, Richard, 126, 133, 142, 151, 207, Deutsche Afrika-Schau, 250–8, 271–2, 210 321 Diop, Alioune, 308 Deutsche Arbeitsfront, 246, 251, 255–6 Diop, Christiane, 191 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-04136-3 - Black Germany: The Making and Unmaking of a Diaspora Community, 1884–1960 Robbie Aitken and Eve Rosenhaft Index More information Index 357 Diop, David Léon Mandessi, 191–2, Epassi, Bernhard, 33, 59, 65, 163 309–10 Epo, M’bende, 32 Diop, Maria see Maria Mandessi Bell Ernst, Ferdinand, 49 Diop Yandé, Mamadou, 190–2 Esangi, Elisabeth, 178 Diouf, Galandou, 285, 303 Esomber, Thoy, 73–4, 77, 104, 111, 142, 253 Dipongo, Davis Innak, 133 Etama, Bebe, 178 Dirlenbach, Lydia, 270 Ethiopia, 293, 296 displaced persons camps, 320, 323 Ethiopians, 253 Dix, Rudolf, 189 Ewane, August Djemba, 55, 58, 178 Dollfus, Maurice, 306 exhibitions Dominik, Hans, 56, 172 Colonial Exhibition, Berlin 1896, 54–60, Doo, Eduard, 50, 52 127, 163, 178 Dörfling, Frederika, 34, 41 Health Exhibition, Düsseldorf 1926, 140 Dose, Olli, 98 ‘human zoos’,53–4 Douala, plans for Europeanisation, 188, International Exposition, Paris 1937, 284 191, 196, 198, 223, 242 Dowo, David Ibon, 65 Farbe bekennen, 4, 328 Drancy, 314 Federal Council of Churches, United dress (see also Hosenneger), 34, 39, States, 294 168–73, 303 Fernando Po, 86, 183–4, 230 Du Bois, W.