REPORT RESUMES ED 018 250 PS 000 278 RESULTS OF THE SUMMER 1965 PROJECT HEAD START. VOLUMES I AHD II. BY- CORTI H. RUSSELL* JR. AND OTHERS PLANNING RESEARCH CORP., WASHINGTON. D.C. REPORT NUMBER PRC-R-795 PUB DATE 9 MAY 66 REPORT NUMBER 0E0-753 EDRS PRICE MF-42.2S HC.422.52 561F. DESCRIPTORS- *PROGRAM EVALUATION, *PRESCHOOLEDUCATION, SUMMER PROGRAMS, *CULTURALLY DISADVANTAGED, *PRESCHOOL CHILDREN, *PARTICIPANT CHARACTERISTICS, ADMINISTRATIVEORGANIZATION, TEACHER CHARACTERISTICS, COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT,SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT, FAMILY CHARACTERISTICS, CHILD DEVELOPMENT CENTERS, MEDICAL EVALUATION, TEACHER ATTITUDES, HEADSTART, COMMUNITY ACTION PROGRAM, PPVT, PSYCHOLOGICALSCREENING PROCEDURE, PRIMARY MENTAL ABILITIES, DAP, PSI,STANFORD BINET, AN OVERALL SURVEY AND ANALYSIS OF THE SUMMER 1965 PROJECT HEAD START IS PRESENTED IN THIS REPORT. THE FIRST SECTION DISCUSSES THE INCEPTION, IMPLEMENTATION,AND FORMAL ORGANIZATION OF THE PROJECT. THE SECOND SECTION PRESENTS DETAILED INFORMATION ON THE COMMUNITIES, CHILDREN, PARENTS, STAFF, AND WORKERS INVOLVED IN THE PROJECT.THE THIRD SECTION DISCUSSES AND EVALUATES SPECIFIC HEAD STARTPROGRAMS. THE FOURTH SECTION CONSIDERS THE IMPACT OF THE HEADSTART PROGRAM ON THE PARTICIPATING COMMUNITIES, ON THE HEALTH,MENTAL DEVELOPMENT, AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE CHILDREN, ON THE PARENTS, AND ON THE STAFF OF THE CHILD DEVELOPMENTCENTERS. THE FINAL SECTION SUMMARIZES THE RESULTS AND PRESENTS SEVERAL SPECIFIC RECOMMENDATIONS. VOLUME II OF THE REPORTCONTAINS THE APPENDIXES. (DR) C) Lrl co RESULTS OF THE SUMMER1965 cz PROJECT HEAD START LU PRC R-795 VOLUME I 9 May 1966 Prepared for OFFICE OFECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY DIRECTOR, PROJECT HEAD STARTRESEARCH AND EVALUATION Under Contract 0E0-753 By .Russell Cort, William D. Commins, Jr, Kenneth L. Deavers Ruth Ann O'Keefe James F. Ragan, Jr. PLANNING RESEARCHCORPORATION LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA WASHINGTON, D.C. .11111. .......... .......... U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCATHIN & WELFARE OFFICE OF EDUCATION THIS DOCUMENT HAS BEEN REPRODUCED EXACTLY LS RECEIVED FROM THE PERSON OR ORGANIZATION ORIGINATING IT.POINTS OF VIEW OR OPINIONS STATED DO NOT NECESSARILY REPRESENT OFFICIAL OFFICE OF EDUCATION POSITION OR POLICY. RESULTS OF THE SUMMER 1965 PROJECT HEAD START PRC R-7 9 5 VOLUME I 9 May 1966 Prepared for OFFICE OF ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY Cr/DIRECTOR, PROJECT HEAD START RESEARCH AND EVALUATION - N. PLANNING RESEARCH CORPORATION LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA WASHINGTON, D.C. ABSTRACT Data on children, parents, workers, programs,aad communities involved in the Summer 1965 Project Head Start have beencollected and analyzed. Descriptions and evaluations of theparticipants, operations, and results of the program are presented.Implications for future plan- ning and research are noted. iii TABLE OF CONTENTS Page . ABSTRACT iii INTRODUCTION xv I. HISTORY I-1 II. DESCRIPTION OF HEAD START COMMUNITIES AND PARTICIPANTS 11-1 A. Introduction II -1 B. Head Start Communities II -2 C. Head Start Children I1-21 D. Head Start Parents and Families II- 96 E. Head Start CDC Staff and Workers U- 122 F. The National Samples II- 148 III. PROGRAMS 1 A. Introduction 111-1 B. Background Information III- 2 C. CDC Services, Activities, and Resources III- 12 IV. RESULTS IV -1 A. Introduction IV-1 B. Impact on Communities IV -2 C. Impacts on Children IV- 28 D. Impact of Head Start on Parents IV- 128 E. Impacts on CDC Staff Workers IV- 138 V. SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS V -1 A. Summary , V- 2 B. Recommendations V -15 LIST OF REFERENCES R -1 .......,...a. LIST OF EXHIBITS Page I -1 Organization Chart of 0E0 . 1-4 1-2 Organization chart of CAP . I-5 I-3 Summer 1965 Head Start OrganizationChart I-7 1-4 Head Start Task Evaluation FlowChart 1-8 I-5 Research and Evaluation Flow Chart I- 1 5 U -1 Counties Served by Head Start II- 3 II -2 Regional Distribution of Total andHead Start Populations II-4 II- 3 Family Income by Region II- 5 11-4 Urban-Rural Distribution of Head StartChildren . II- 7 II-5 Special-Target Counties 11-9 II- 6 Concentration of Head Start Children inSpecial- Target Counties II -1 1.. 11-7 Characteristics of Special-Target Counties II -18 11-8 General Characteristics of CulturalDeprivation..a e II-22 11-9 Age . II-27 II- 1 0 Sex II-27 II- 1 1 Race 11-29 11- 1 2 Cultural Background II- 29 II- 1 3 Size of Household . 11- 31 II-: 14 Family Income 11-33 II- 1 5 With Whom Child Lives II- 33 II- 1 6 Mother's Education , II-34 II -17 Does Mother Work? ,. II -34 vii LIST OF EXHIBITS (Continued) Page II -18 Child's Race II -35 II- 19 Family Income II- 37 II -20 Mother Works Outside the Home by Family Income II -39 II-21 Number of People in Household by Education of Mother , II-40 11-22 Income by Child's Race 11-41 11-23 Household Size by Income 11-42 II-24 Household Size by Ethnic Classification 11-43 11-25 Medical/Dental History (Total) 11-47 11-26 Medical/Dental, History and Race II-49 II-27 Medical/Dental History: Head Start Survey Comparisons . II- 50 11-28 Immunization History (Total) ,. I.t- 51 11-29 Immunization History and Race 'II- 52 II-30 Immunization History: Survey Comparisons 11-54 11-31 Examination Results (Total) II- 57 1I -32 Medical Impressions: Survey Comparisons 11-61 11-33 Diagnoses and Impressions 11-65 11-34 PPVT Pretest Scores by Age 11-68 11-35 PPVT Pretest Scores by Race 11-69 11-36 PPVT Pretest Scores by Sex 11-70 11-37 PPVT Pretest Scores by Family Intactness 11-71 11-38 PPVT Pretest Scores by Household Size. II-72 viii LIST OF EXHIBITS (Continued) Page II -39 PPVT Pretest Scores on the Basis of Whether the Mother Works II -73 II -40 PPVT Pretest Scores by Urbanization 11-74 11-41 PPVT Pretest Scores by Income II-75 II-42 PPVT Pretest Scores by Region II- 76 11-43 Psychological Screening Procedure: Symptoms (Nationwide Sample) 11-80 II- 44 Psychological Screening Procedure: Typologies (Nationwide Sample) II- 82 11-45 Psychological Screening Procedure: Referrals . 11-83 II- 46 Psychological Screening Procedure:Symptoms (Berlin) II -84 II -47 Psychological Screening Procedure:Typologies (Berlin) II-85 11-48 Activities, Habits and Environment (Total) . .. II-87 II- 49 Activities, Habits and Enlrironrnet (White).. ... 11-89 II-50 Activities, Habits and Environment (Negro). 11 -9b. II- 51 Lingual Background 11-95 11-52 Family History: Parents (Total) II- 97 II -53 Family History: Parents (White-Negro) II-100 II- 54 Description of Mothers (Total) II -105 II- 55 Description of Mothers (White) II-106 II- 56 Description of Mothers (Negro) 11-107 II- 57 Description of Fathers (Total) II-108 II-58 Description of Fathers (White) II-109 ix LIST OF EXHIBITS (Continued) Page II -59 Description of Fathers (Negro) II -110 11-60 Description of Families (Total) II -112 II- 61 Description of Families 11-114 II- 62 Family Habits (Total) II-117 II- 63 Family Habits (White) II-118 11-64 Family Habits (Negro) II-119 11-65 Staff and Worker Characteristics II-128 II -66 Three-Way Classification of Staff and Workers II-132 11-67 Selected Characteristics of Professional Staff Members by Age 11-133 II -68 Characteristics of Subprofessional Workers II-135 11-69 Training and Experience of Head Start Teachers. 11-136 11-70 Worker Attitudes (Berlin) II- 141 11-71 Comparison of 1-Percent Samples with Census Tabulations III-150 11-72 Analysis of Differential Impact on Children With Low Pre-PPVT Scores II-154 II -73 Comparison of Children Having Matched PPVT Scores With Those Without Them II -156 III -1 Seven Head Start Regions III- 3 III- 2 State and Regional Distribution of Federal Head Start Funds and Child Development Centers 111-4 III- 3 State and Regional Expenditures Per Pupil (Head Start Versus Public School Systems) III-7 111-4 Medical/Dental Planning 111-13 III- 5 Organizations Providing Assistance III- 14 LIST OF EXHIBITS (Continued) Page III -6 Availability of Services-Workers' Evaluations .. III-16 III- 7 Medical/Dental Examinations-Workers' Opinions . , . III -19 III- 8 Medical Consultant Report 1 OOOOOO 4 III-2 1 III -9 Program Characteristics-.Workers' Evaluations III-24 III-10 Services and Activities-Workers' Opinions III 2:3 III- 1 1 Program Characteristi.cs- Educational Consultants' Report III- 30J III- 12 Availability of Social Services- Workers' Evaluation. II O III- 34 III-13 Parent Participation- Educational Consultants' Reports.... III 3 5 III -14 Selected NUEA Trainee Characteristics III -37 III-15 Experience of NUEA Trainees III- 38 III-16 Staff and Workers-Consultants' Comments... ill- 41 IV- 1 Head Start Grantees and Sponsors by Category. IV- 5 IV- 2 Organizations Providing Assistance by Region .. IV- 6 IV -3 Plans for Full-Year Child Development Center . IV- 1 1 IV-4 Plans for Follow-Through in Elementary Schools.. .IV- 12 IV -5 Plans for Fall Programs IV- 1 5 IV- 6 Organization of Operation Head Start, Omega County IV -18 IV -7 Health Referrals IV -31 IV- 8 PPVT Mean Raw Scores (Nine Studies) IV- 34 IV -9 Comparison of PPVT Scores by Age IV -36 IV-1.0 Comparison of PPVT Scores by Race IV -37 xi LIST OF EXHIBITS (Continued) IL'aLe_ IV-11 Comparison of PPVT Scores by Sex IV -38 IV-12 Comparison of PPVT Scores by FamilyIntactness. IV -39 1V-13 Comparison of PPVT Scores byHousehold Size. IV -40 IV-14 Comparison of PPVT Scores on theBasis of Whether the Mother Works IV- 41 IV-15 Comparison of PPVT Scores by Urbanization IV-42 IV-16 Comparison of PPVT Scores by Income IV -43 IV-17 Comparison of PPVT Scores by Region ... ... .. IV -44 IV-18 Comparison of PPVT Scores by FamilyIncome (Two Levels) ..