PUBLICATION NO. 50 2/2014 NORDIC CONCRETE RESEARCH EDITED BY THE NORDIC CONCRETE FEDERATION CONCRETE ASSOCIATIONS OF: DENMARK FINLAND ICELAND NORWAY SWEDEN PUBLISHER: NORSK BETONGFORENING POSTBOKS 2312, SOLLI N - 0201 OSLO NORWAY PROCEEDING XXII NORDIC CONCRETE RESEARCH SYMPOSIA REYKJAVIK, ICELAND 2014 iii PUBLICATION NO. 50 2/2014 CONTENTS OPENING SESSION 1 Tor Arne Martius-Hammer 3 COIN - Main Achievements 1 DURABILITY, MAINTENANCE, RENOVATION & FROST ACTION - 7 PER FIDJEST0L MEMORIAL SESSION R. Doug Hooton 9 Advantages of Silica Fume-Slag Ternary Binders for Production of Dura¬ ble Concrete Olafur H. Wallevik, Indri6i Nielsson & Bjorn Hjartarson 13 Self-compacting concrete without chemical admixture for Per Fidjestol Martin Kaasgaard, Claus Pade, UlfJonsson & Christian Munch-Petersen 17 Comparison of Durability Parameters of Self-Compacting Concrete and Conventional Slump Concrete Designed for Marine Environment Marianne Tange Hasholt 21 The Interplay Between Inner and Outer Frost Damage and its Implication for Accelerated Freeze-Thaw Testing Jonny Nilimaa, Jens Haggstrom, Niklas Bagge, Thomas Blanksvard, Gabriel 25 Sas, Ulf Ohlsson, Lars Bernspang, Bjorn Taljsten, Lennart Elfgren, Anders Carolin, Hakan Thun & Bjorn Paulsson Maintenance and Renewal of Concrete Rail Bridges - Results from EC Project MAINLINE 2 STRUCTURAL BEHAVIOUR AND DESIGN 29 Tarek Edrees Saaed, George Nikolakopoulos & Jan-Erik Jonasson 31 Semi-Active Structural Control Strategies Linn Grepstad Nes & Jan Arve 0verli 35 Structural Behaviour of Beams with Fibre Reinforced LWAC and Normal Density Concrete Mario Plos, Costin Pacoste & Morgan Johansson 39 Recommendations for Finite Element Analysis for Design of RC Slabs Havard Nedrelid & Terje Kanstad 43 Tests and Design of Fibre-Reinforced RC Beams with Dapped Ends Morten Engen, Max A. N. Hendriks, Jan Arve 0verli & Erik Aldstedt 47 Application of NLFEA in the Design of Large Concrete Structures iv DURABILITY, MAINTENANCE, RENOVATION & FROST ACTION - 51 PER FIDJEST0L MEMORIAL SESSION - Cont. Martin Strand & Katja Fridh 53 The Influence of SSMs on The Durability of Concrete Structures Exposed to Severe Conditions - Part I. Salt Frost Scaling Vladimir Ronin Jan-Erik Jonasson & Lennart 57 , Elfgren Self-Healing Concrete - Results with Energetically Modified Cements (EMC) N. Williams Portal, M. Flansbjer, K. Tammo & K. Malaga 61 Alkali Resistance of Textile Reinforcement for Concrete Facade Panels Ricardo Antonio Barbosa, Kurt Kielsgaard Hansen, Linh Cao Hoang & Erik 65 Stoklund Larsen Alkali-Silica Reaction in Reinforced Concrete Structures. Part I: Material Properties and Crack Orientation Ricardo Antonio Barbosa, Kurt Kielsgaard Hansen, Linh Cao Hoang & 69 Iben Maag Alkali-Silica Reaction in Reinforced Concrete Structures. Part II: Shear Strength of Severe ASR Damaged Concrete Beams STRUCTURAL BEHAVIOUR AND DESIGN, Cont 73 Johan Silfwerbrand 75 Safety Levels in Industrial Steel Fibre Concrete Floors Daniel Ekstrom, Rasmus Rempling & Mario Plos 79 Industrial Bridge Building - An Effective Bridge Construction Process Through an Integrated Design and Construction Process Niklas Bagge, Thomas Blanksvard, Gabriel Sas, Lars Bernspang, Bjorn Tal- 83 jsten, Anders Carolin & Lennart Elfgren Full-Scale Test to Failure of a Prestressed Concrete Bridge in Kiruna Per Goltermann 87 Prefabricated Elements and Structures: Developments, Tests and Experiences. Thorhallsson, E. R. & Birgisson, S. R. 91 Experiment on Concrete Beams without Shear Reinforcement AGGREGATES AND ADDITIVES 95 Borge Johannes Wigum 97 RILEM Technical Committee (2014 - 2019) Avoiding Alkali Aggregate Reactions in Concrete Performance Based Concept. V Bard Pedersen & Reidar Kompen 101 Influence of Aggregates on Compressive Strength and E-Modulus of C45/55 Concrete Bjorn Lagerblad, Jaume Cirera Riu & Hans-Erik Gram 105 How to Evaluate Fillers from Crushed Rock Aggregate for Concrete Production Yahya Ghasemi & Niklas Johansson 109 Particle Packing of Aggregates for Concrete Mix Design: Models and Methods. Hans-Erik Gram, Mikael Westerholm & Mats Emborg 113 Crushed Fine Aggregate for Concrete Production LABORATORY AND FIELD TESTING 117 Stefan Jacobsen 119 A Norwegian Concrete-Ice Abrasion Laboratory Ari Vepsa & Ilkka Hakola 123 Impact Testing of Reinforced Concrete Slabs Anja Klausen, Terje Kanstad, 0yvind Bjantegaard & Gunrid Kjellmark 127 Updated Temperature-Stress-Testing-Machine (TSTM): Introductory Tests, Calculations and Verification Lars Elof Bryne & Anders Ansell 131 Laboratory Testing of Early Age Shotcrete Bond Strength Edgar Bonner, Janne Hakli & Timo Lehikoinen 135 Demonstration of Wireless Monitoring in Rock Mass, Compacted Bentonite and Reinforced Concrete. STRUCTURAL BEHAVIOUR AND DESIGN, Cont 139 Elena Vidal Sarmiento, Terje Kanstad, Mette R. Geiker & Max Hendriks 141 Impact of the combined effect of fibre orientation and volume fraction on the mechanical properties of fibre reinforced concrete Sveinbjorn Sveinbjornsson, Cordis Bjornsdottir, Gudbjartur Jon Einarsson & 145 Eybor Ram I>6rhallsson. Elastic Modulus of Concrete with Icelandic Basalt Aggregates Thomas Juul Andersen 149 Tailor-Made Concrete Structure with the use of Digital Fabrication Andri Gunnarsson, Eythor Ram Thorhallsson & 153 Jonas Thor Snaebjornsson Simulation of Experimental Research of Concrete Beams Prestressed with BFRP Tendons J. Ekstrom, R. Rempling & M. Plos 157 Influence of Strain Softening on Spalling of Concrete due to Blast Load vi 8 AGGREGATES AND ADDITIVES, Cont. 161 Peter Billberg, Patrick Rogers & Katja Fridh 163 Technique and Use of Crushed Concrete from Precast Elements as Aggregate in Concrete Production Kayode Bamikole Olawuni & Ozgiir Eren 167 Engineering Properties of Palm Kernel Shell Fiber Reinforced Concrete Thorgeir S. Helgason, Vera Hofer & Holger Bach 171 Pioneering Methods for Control of Aggregates Using Machine Vision, Spectroscopy and Statistical Modelling Rolands Cepuritis, Stefan Jacobsen, Ernst Mjartsell, Sverre Smeplass & 175 Berge J. Wigum Research Project on Manufactured Sand for Concrete Johann A. Hardarson, Thordur I. Kristjansson, Olafur H. Wallevik 179 Discrepancies in Measured and Modelled E-modulus due to Porous Aggregates. Some Experiences from tests on Icelandic Concrete 9 BINDERS, ADMIXTURES, MIX DESIGN AND RHEOLOGY 183 Jon E. Wallevik & Olafur H. Wallevik 185 Analysis of Shear Rate Inside a Concrete Truck Mixer as a Function of Drum Charge Volume and Plastic Viscosity S. Ng, & H. Justnes 189 SCMs and Plasticizers: A Study on Their Effects on The Rheology and Early Age Hydration of Blended Cements Ya Peng, Klaartje de Weerdt, Bard Pedersen & Stefan Jacobsen 193 Hydrostatic Pressure to Measure Sedimentation and Bleeding Ahmad Ghadban, Mohammed Albahttiti, Kyle Riding, & David Lange 197 Attenuation of Vibrations in Fresh Concrete Niklas Johansson & Mats Emborg 201 Methods to Optimize Aggregate Composition - Evaluation by Concrete Experiments 10 FIBRES 205 Katalin Orosz 207 Strengthening of Concrete with Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) Grids Bonded by Cementitious Binders Terje Kanstad & Steinar Trygstad 211 Design, Testing and Evaluation of a Fullscale Post-Tensioned Steelfibre Reinforced Flat Slab vii Gunrid Kjellmark, Tor Arne Martius-Hammer & Terje Kanstad 215 COIN'S 15 MPa Target Fibre Concrete: Materials Development Towards High Residual Flexural Strength Ali Mohammadi Mohaghegh, Johan Silfwerbrand & Vemund Arskog 219 An Initial Investigation of the Possibility to use Basalt Fibres for More Durable Concrete Structures in Norwegian Fish Farming Carlos Gil Berrocal, Karin Lundgren & Ingemar Lofgren 223 Experimental Investigation on Rebar Corrosion in Combination with Fibres 11 SUSTAINABILITY AND AGEING 227 Martin Nilsson 229 Re-usage of Concrete Elements - To Determine Their New Possible Environment Per Goltermann, Lisbeth Ottosen, Pernille Erland Jensen & 233 Gunvor Marie Kirkelund ZeroWaste: Turning Waste into a New, Sustainable Resource for Concrete Tobias Gasch & Richard Malm 237 Effects of Aging Concrete in Support Structures for Hydroelectric Machinery Mohamed Tabet & Abd El Hamid Guettala 241 Numerical Modelling of Alkali Silica Gel in Mesoscopic Scale. Gitte Normann Munch-Petersen & Christian Munch-Petersen 245 Early Property Development in Concrete 12 BINDERS, ADMIXTURES, MIX DESIGN AND RHEOLOGY, Cont. 249 Tobias Danner, Harald Justnes, Mette R. Geiker & Alessia Colombo 251 In-Situ XRD Studies of Phase Evolution During Hydration of Portland Cement Paste with Lignosulfonates Helen Jansson & Tang Luping 255 The Initial Setting Time of Ground Granulated Blastfurnace Slag GGBS and its Relation to the Modulus of The Alkali-Activating Solution H. Justnes 259 Properties of Gypsum-Free Portland Cement Bjorn Lagerblad & Lars Elof Bryne 263 Cement Hydration and Development of Texture and Bond at Interfacial Zone Between Hard Rock and Shotcrete. Alessia Colombo, Tobias Alexander Danner, Klaartje De Weerdt, Mette Rica 267 Geiker & Harald Justnes Impact of mixing on early hydration of cement paste with lignosulphonate viii 13 FIBRES, Cont. 271 Oldrich Svec & Claus Pade 273 Ultra High Performance Fibre Reinforced Concrete as a Waterproofing Solution for Concrete Bridge Deck Renovations V. Tamuzs 277 Strengthening of Concrete by Fibres and Fibre Reinforced Plastics Giedrius Zirgulis, Oldrich Svec, Terje Kanstad, Mette Rica Geiker & 281 Andrzej Cwirzen Characterisation and Observation of Fibre Orientation in Flowable Steel Fibre Reinforced Concrete: Influence of Formwork and Reinforcement Layout Cosmin Popescu, Gabriel Sas