ÊÅÍÔÑÏÊÅÍÔÑÏ ÐÅÑÉÂÁËËÏÍÔÉÊÇÓÐÅÑÉÂÁËËÏÍÔÉÊÇÓ ÅÊÐÁÉÄÅÕÓÇÓÅÊÐÁÉÄÅÕÓÇÓ ÅËÁÓÓÏÍÁÓÅËÁÓÓÏÍÁÓ ISBN: 978-960-99999-0-8 © Copyright 2011 ÊÝíôñï ÐåñéâáëëïíôéêÞò Åêðáßäåõóçò (Ê.Ð.Å.) Åëáóóüíáò Âëá÷ïäÞìïõ 1, 40200 Åëáóóüíá E-mail: [email protected] | [email protected] Éóôïóåëßäá: http://thess.pde.sch.gr/kpe Ôçë.: 24930 29571 FAX: 24930 29570 ÅÐÉÌÅËÅÉÁ ÅÊÄÏÓÇÓ ÁíáãíùóôÜêçò Óðõñßäùí Õðåýèõíïò ÊÐÅ ÃêáíÜôóéïò ÁíäñÝáò ÁíáðëçñùôÞò Õðåýèõíïò ÊÐÅ Óðáíüò Êùíóôáíôßíïò ÌÝëïò ÐáéäáãùãéêÞò ÏìÜäáò ÊÐÅ ÓÕÃÃÑÁÖÉÊÇ ÏÌÁÄÁ ÁíáãíùóôÜêçò Óðõñßäùí, Ãêáßôëé÷ Ìáñôßíïò, ÃêáíÜôóéïò ÁíäñÝáò ÆÜãêáò Èåüäùñïò , ÌçíÜò Èåüäùñïò, Ìðßóìðáò Êùíóôáíôßíïò ÑÜðôçò ÄçìÞôñéïò, ÑÜðôïõ Åõáããåëßá, ÓáìáñÜ ÖáíÞ Óá÷éíßäçò Êùíóôáíôßíïò, Óðáíüò Êùíóôáíôßíïò, ÓõíåöÜêçò Ãéþñãïò Öùôïãñáößåò © Copyright 2011 ÊÐÅ Åëáóóüíáò Áðáãïñåýåôáé ç áðïèÞêåõóç Þ áíáðáñáãùãÞ Þ áíáôýðùóçò ìÝñïõò Þ ôïõ óõíüëïõ ôùí öùôïãñáöéþí êáé ôùí êåéìÝíùí óå ïðïéáäÞðïôå ìïñöÞ êáé ìå ïðïéïäÞðïôå ìÝóï, ÷ùñßò Ýããñáöç Üäåéá ôïõ ÊÝíôñïõ ÐåñéâáëëïíôéêÞò Åêðáßäåõóçò Åëáóóüíáò. Ôï ðáñüí âéâëßï äå äéáôßèåôáé ðñïò ðþëçóç. Ôï ðáñüí åêðïíÞèçêå óôï ðëáßóéï ôçò ÐñÜîçò «ÊÝíôñá Åêðáßäåõóçò ãéá ôï ÐåñéâÜëëïí êáé ôçí Áåéöïñßá - ÄñÜóåéò ãéá ôïõò ìáèçôÝò» ôïõ Åðé÷åéñçóéáêïý ÐñïãñÜììáôïò «Åêðáßäåõóç êáé Äéá Âßïõ ÌÜèçóç», ìå ôç óõã÷ñçìáôïäüôçóç ôçò ÅõñùðáúêÞò ¸íùóçò (Åõñùðáúêü Êïéíùíéêü Ôáìåßï) êáé Åèíéêþí Ðüñùí». ÊÅÍÔÑÏ ÐÅÑÉÂÁËËÏÍÔÉÊÇÓ ÅÊÐÁÉÄÅÕÓÇÓ ÅËÁÓÓÏÍÁÓ ÐÑÁÊÔÉÊÁ ÓÅÌÉÍÁÑÉÙÍ ÖÅÂÑÏÕÁÑÉÏÓ 2011 - ÌÁÚÏÓ 2011 ÅËÁÓÓÏÍÁ ÉÏÕËÉÏÓ 2011 Ðåñéå÷üìåíá ×áéñåôéóìüò ÄçìÜñ÷ïõ Åëáóóüíáò........................................................................................9 Ðñüëïãïò..............................................................................................................................10 «ÔÏ ÊÐÅ ÅËÁÓÓÏÍÁÓ ÊÁÉ Ï ÏËÕÌÐÏÓ», ÁíáãíùóôÜêçò Óðýñïò..........................................11 «ÔÏ ÖÕÓÉÊÏ ÐÅÑÉÂÁËËÏÍ ÔÏÕ ÏËÕÌÐÏÕ», ÆÜãêáò Èåï÷Üñçò............................................15 Ðåñßëçøç..................................................................... .................................... ..............15 1. ÅéóáãùãÞ......................................................................................................................15 2. Êëßìá...........................................................................................................................16 3. Ãåùëïãßá......................................................................................................................17 4. ×ëùñßäá.......................................................................................................................17 5.ÂëÜóôçóç.................................................... ............................................... .................18 á) Æþíç áåéöýëëùí ðëáôõöýëëùí (Quercetalia ilicis)..................................................18 â) Æþíç äñõïäáóþí (Querceatlia pubescentis)...........................................................19 ã) Æþíç ÏîéÜò - ÅëÜôçò (Fagetalia)................................................................................19 ÄÜóç Ìáýñçò ðåýêçò..................................................................................................19 ÌéêôÜ äÜóç..................................................................................................................20 ÄÜóç ÏîéÜò..................................................................................................................20 ä) Æþíç øõ÷ñüâéùí êùíïöüñùí (Vaccinio picetalia)...................................................21 ÁæùíéêÞ âëÜóôçóç.......................................................................................................21 ËéâÜäéá ôçò ïñåéíÞò æþíçò...........................................................................................21 ËéâÜäéá ôçò áëðéêÞò æþíçò..........................................................................................21 6.Ðáíßäá......................................................................................................................22 7. Éóôïñßá.........................................................................................................................23 8. Ôïðßá...........................................................................................................................25 9. Ôï öõóéêü ðåñéâÜëëïí ôïõ Ïëýìðïõ.......................................................................25 Âéâëéïãñáößá............................................................................. .....................................27 «ÔÁ ÏÉÊÏÓÕÓÔÇÌÁÔÁ ÔÏÕ ÏËÕÌÐÏÕ», ÑÜðôçò ÄçìÞôñéïò...................................................28 Ðåñßëçøç.........................................................................................................................28 ÅéóáãùãÞ.........................................................................................................................28 ÄáóéêÜ ÏéêïóõóôÞìáôá...................................................................................................29 á) ÏéêïóõóôÞìáôá áåéöýëëùí ðëáôõöýëëùí (maquis)...............................................29 â) ÏéêïóõóôÞìáôá èåñìüâéùí öõëëïâüëùí ðëáôõöýëëùí........................................30 ã) ÏéêïóõóôÞìáôá Ìáýñçò ðåýêçò (Pinus nigra var. pallasiana)..................................30 ä) ÏéêïóõóôÞìáôá ÅëÜôçò (Abies borisii regis).............................................................31 å) ÏéêïóõóôÞìáôá ÏîéÜò (Fagus sp.).............................................................................31 óô) ÏéêïóõóôÞìáôá ëåõêüäåñìçò ðåýêçò (Pinus heldreichii).......................................31 æ) ÕðáëðéêÜ êáé áëðéêÜ ïéêïóõóôÞìáôá.......................................................................31 Âéâëéïãñáößá...............................................................................................................33 «ÐÑÏÓÔÁÔÅÕÏÌÅÍÅÓ ÐÅÑÉÏ×ÅÓ, ÄÁÓÉÊÁ ÏÉÊÏÓÕÓÔÇÌÁÔÁ ÊÁÉ ÅÑÌÇÍÅÉÁ ÐÅÑÉÂÁËËÏÍÔÏÓ», Ìáñôßíïò Ãêáßôëé÷.................................................................................34 «Ç ÁÍÁÐÔÕÎÉÁÊÇ ÅÔÁÉÑÅÉÁ ÍÏÌÏÕ ËÁÑÉÓÁÓ ÁÍÁÐÔÕÎÉÁÊÇ ÁÍÙÍÕÌÇ ÅÔÁÉÑÅÉÁ Ï.Ô.Á. ÊÁÉ 5 ÏÉ ÁÍÁÐÔÕÎÉÁÊÅÓ ÐÁÑÅÌÂÁÓÅÉÓ ÓÔÉÓ ÐÁÑÁÏËÕÌÐÉÅÓ ÐÅÑÉÏ×ÅÓ», ÌçíÜò Èåüäùñïò.......35 «Ç ÁÍÁÄÅÉÎÇ ÔÙÍ ÉÓÔÏÑÉÊÙÍ ÏÉÊÉÓÌÙÍ ÊÁÉ H ÓÕÌÂÏËÇ ÔÇÓ ÓÔÇÍ ÏÉÊÏÔÏÕÑÉÓÔÉÊÇ ÁÍÁÐÔÕÎÇ - ÐÉËÏÔÉÊÇ ÁÍÁÖÏÑÁ ÓÔÏ ËÉÂÁÄÉ ÏËÕÌÐÏÕ ÔÏÕ ÊÁËËÉÊÑÁÔÉÊÏÕ ÄÇÌÏÕ ÅËÁÓÓÏÍÁÓ», ÓõíåöÜêçò Ãåþñãéïò.....................................................................................42 Ç áåéöüñïò áíÜðôõîç Þ âéþóéìç áíÜðôõîç.....................................................................42 ÐáñÜäïóç åßíáé...............................................................................................................44 Ìå ôïí üñï áíÜðëáóç......................................................................................................52 Ôá ÷áñáêôçñéóôéêÜ óôïé÷åßá ôïõ áóôéêïý éóôïý ôïõ Ëéâáäßïõ..........................................53 Õóôåñüãñáöï........................................................................................................56 «ÁÅÉÖÏÑÏÓ ÁÍÁÐÔÕÎÇ ÏÑÅÉÍÙÍ ÐÅÑÉÏ×ÙÍ», ÆÜãêáò Èåï÷Üñçò......................................58 ÁíôéðõñéêÞ ðñïóôáóßá äáóþí.........................................................................................62 ÁðïêáôÜóôáóç êáìÝíùí äáóþí.......................................................................................65 Ïðôéêïß ðüñïé...................................................................................................................66 ×éïíïäñïìéêÜ êÝíôñá êáé ÷éïíïäñïìéêüò ôïõñéóìüò........................................................66 ÐáñáäïóéáêÜ, âéïëïãéêÜ ðñïúüíôá, áñùìáôéêÜ êáé öáñìáêåõôéêÜ öõôÜ.......................66 Éóôïñßá - ÐïëéôéóôéêÞ êëçñïíïìéÜ....................................................................................67 ÕðïäïìÝò - ÐïëéôéêÞ Ôéìþí - Õðçñåóßåò...........................................................................67 ÐåñéâáëëïíôéêÞ åêðáßäåõóç...........................................................................................68 Ïéêïôïõñéóìüò – Åíáëëáêôéêüò ôïõñéóìüò.......................................................................68 ÏñåéíÞ Ïéêïíïìßá - Ïéêïôå÷íßá - ÐáñáäïóéáêÝò äñáóôçñéüôçôåò....................................69 Ôïðéêüò Üíèñùðïò...........................................................................................................69 Ó÷åäéáóìüò ïëïêëçñùìÝíçò áíÜðôõîçò ïñåéíþí ðåñéï÷þí............................................70 Âéâëéïãñáößá...................................................................................................................72 «ÂÉÙÓÉÌÇ ÔÏÕÑÉÓÔÉÊÇ ÁÍÁÐÔÕÎÇ ÓÅ ÏÑÅÉÍÇ ÐÅÑÉÏ×Ç: Ç ÐÅÑÉÐÔÙÓÇ ÔÙÍ ÐÁÑÁÏËÕÌÐÉÙÍ ÐÅÑÉÏ×ÙÍ ÔÇÓ ÅÐÁÑ×ÉÁÓ ÅËÁÓÓÏÍÁÓ», ÓáìáñÜ ÖáíÞ.......................................................73 Ðåñßëçøç.........................................................................................................................73 2.Âéþóéìç ôïõñéóôéêÞ áíÜðôõîç......................................................................................74 3.Âéþóéìç áíÜðôõîç ïñåéíþí ðåñéï÷þí..........................................................................76 4.ÁíÜëõóç ôçò ðåñéï÷Þò ìåëÝôçò.....................................................................................79 5. SWOT ÁíÜëõóç.............................................................................................................79 5.1 ÐëåïíåêôÞìáôá......................................................................................................79 5.2 ÌåéïíåêôÞìáôá......................................................................................................80