J Insect Biodivers Syst 02(3): 321–338 ISSN: 2423-8112 JOURNAL OF INSECT BIODIVERSITY AND SYSTEMATICS Research Article http://jibs.modares.ac.ir http://zoobank.org/References/A8DF4353-A911-49E5-84A1-A6B3004B82BC Contribution to Collembola (Hexapoda: Entognatha) fauna from Golestan province, Iran Farnaz-Sadat Hosseini, Masoumeh Shayanmehr* and Behnam Amiri-Besheli Department of Plant Protection, Sari Agricultural Science and Nature Resources University, Po. Box. 578, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran. ABSTRACT. Improved studies on Collembola fauna of Iran have been started only recently and springtails species from many regions of the country are still unknown. This study presents the results of a faunistic survey of springtails from Golestan province, Northern Iran. Samplings were done in different habitats of Gorgan and Kordkuy counties (Golestan province) including forests, agricultural fields and citrus orchards during 2014–2015. In total, 37 species from the families Entomobryidae, Paronellidae, Isotomidae, Received: Tomoceridae, Onychiuridae and Tullbergiidae were identified. Entomobrya 10 August, 2016 numidica Baquero, Hamra-Kroua & Jordana, 2009; E. nivalis Linneaeus, 1758; E. Accepted: nicoleti Lubbock, 1868; Cyphoderus agnotus Borner, 1906; Isotomurus cf. balteatus 27 September 2016 Reuter, 1876; Vertagopus sp.; Protaphorura cf. salsa Kaprus, Pasnik et Weiner, Published: 2014; Mesaphorura yosii Rusek, 1967; Mesaphorura critica Ellis, 1976 represent 28 September 2016 new records for Iranian fauna. Subject Editor: Ehsan Rakhshani Key words: Arthropleona, Collembola, Golestan, Iran, new record. Citation: Hosseini, F.S., Shayanmehr, M. and Amiri Besheli, B. 2016. Contribution to Collembola (Hexapoda: Entognatha) fauna from Golestan province, Iran. Journal of Insect Biodiversity and Systematics, 3 (3): 321–338. Introduction Collembola as a class of Hexapoda are small including Poduromorpha, Entomobryo- (1–5 mm), entognathous (mouthparts, such morpha, Symphypleona and Neelipleona as mandibulae and maxillae, located within (Bellinger et al. 2014). Poduromorpha and a gnathal pouch), wingless hexapods with Entomobryomorpha which already classified antennae always present. Most, but not all as Arthropleona have elongate body, while Collembola may be recognized by furca (a Symphypleona and Neelipleona (which posterior ventral forked appendage). has been separated from Symphypleona) Collembola distinguishes from the other have globular body shape (Fjellberg 2007). entognathous Hexapoda including Protura Order of Entomobryomorpha which and Diplura by antennae and absence of recognized by elongate body, clearly cerci (Bellinger et al. 2016). Nowadays, class separated thorax and abdomen and narrow of Collembola is divided into four orders first thorax segment without dorsal seta Corresponding author: Masoumeh Shayanmehr, E-mail: [email protected] Copyright © 2016, Shayanmehr et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. 322 Collembola from Golestan province, Iran (Fjellberg 1998). In Poduromorpha legs and Entomobryomorpha, species including antennae are typically short and the first Anurophorus coiffaiti Cassagnau and segment of thorax has dorsal setae Delamare, 1955, Isotomurus punctiferus (Fjellberg 1998, 2007). Yossi, 1963, I. maculatus (Schaffer, 1869), The fauna of Collembola was investigated Folsomia penicula (of Isotomidae), in many parts of the world, mainly in Entomobrya spp., Lepidocyrtus spp. and Europe and North America but still many Heteromurus sp. were reported from parts of the world were not investigated Golestan province (Falahati Hossein Abad especially in Asia. Iran is located in 2012). western Asia and it is the second-largest From Poduromorpha, Ceratophysella sp., country in the Middle East (Encyclopedia Hypogastrura sp. (Hypogastruridae) and Britannica, 2012). The old noteworthy Protaphorura sp. (Onychiuridae) were study on Iranian Collembola fauna was reported in Golstan. The only reported performed by Cox (1982), who reported species from Symphypleona in Golestan some species from Iran including those was Sminthurinus elegans Fitch, 1863 from Northern provinces. The next (Falahati Hossein Abad 2012). Two new faunistic study on springtails was provided species including Cryptonura persica Smolis, by Moravvej (2003). Shayanmehr et al. 2012 and Cryptonura maxima Smolis, 2012 (2013) in a checklist of Iranian Collembola from Neanuridae were also introduced reported 112 species from Iran. Majority of from Glosten province (Smolis et al. 2012). species were reported from northern Iran Considering the poorly known diversity especially Mazandaran province (Yahyapour of Collembola in many habitats and many and Shayanmehr 2011, 2013; Yoosefi habitats of Golestan province the present Lafooraki and Shayanmehr 2013, 2014a, b, study was conducted in this area. 2015; Alijani et al. 2015; Mehrafroz Mayvanet al. 2015a). The fauna of Material and methods Collembola was poorly investigated in other parts of the country as well as many In the present study specimens were localities in northern Iran which include an collected from Golestan province, Iran, extreme range of habitat diversity (Bazdid during 2014 and 2015. Golestan province is Vahdati et al. 2014). located at the Northeast region of the country, south to the Caspian Sea. In Golestan Province is one of the 31 Golestan, there are various ecosystems provinces of Iran, located in the north-east including forests, agro-ecosystems and of the country south of the Caspian Sea. Its grasslands. Two sampling sites were capital is Gorgan. It was split off from the chosen: Gorgan (36°50′N, 54°30′E), capital of province of Mazandaran in 1997. Golestan province; and Kordkuy (36°48′N, In the faunistic study by Cox (1982), 54°07′E) which are located at the west region some species from Mazandaran and Guilan of Golestan (Figure 1). The samplings were provinces were reported however it was made from soil and leaf litter from forestry not exactly defined those species from regions such as Alangdarreh Forest Park, which localities in north of Iran were Naharkhoran Forest, forest area of Ziarat reported. Lately, Falahati (2012) reported village (Gorgan), Imam Reza forest park, some species (15 taxa) from Golestan Palangpa forest, and some agro-ecosystems province, but most specimens were such as citrus orchards and Rice, Wheat, identified at generic level. From Soybean fields (in Kordkuy). Shayanmehr et al. 323 Figure 1. Sampling areas for Collembola in Golestan province, Iran: A. Iran map; B. Golestan province map; C. Gorgan and Kordkuy (study sites). Specimens were extracted from leaf litter which comprise slide mounted specimens and soil samples by Berlese-Tullgren are deposited in the Department of Plant funnels and preserved in 75% ethanol. Protection, Faculty of Crop Sciences, Sari Photographs were taken under a Canon University of Agricultural Sciences and camera attached to a Nikon SMZ-U Natural Resources (SANRU), Mazandaran stereomicroscope. Obtained specimens province, Iran. were cleared with potassium hydroxide and mounted on slides in Hoyer’s medium. Results The slide-mounted specimens were In the present study 37 species belonging to examined using a Nikon Eclips microscope six families (Entomobryidae, Paronellidae, E200, then photographed. Identifications Isotomidae, Tomoceridae, Onychiuridae, were done on the basis of reliable keys Tullbergidae) are recognized. The eight (Fjellberg 1980, 1998, 2007; Jordana 2008; species including Entomobrya nivalis Potapov 2001; Bellinger et al. 2014), then Linneaeus, 1758; E. numidica Baquero, confirmed by Dr. Igor Kaprus (Ukraine), Hamra-Kroua & Jordana, 2009; E. nicoleti Dr. Ernest C. Bernard (USA) and Dr. Bruno Lubbock, 1868; Cyphoderus agnotus Borner, Bellini (Brazil). The voucher materials 1906; Mesaphorura yosii Rusek, 1967; 324 Collembola from Golestan province, Iran Mesaphorura critica Ellis, 1967; Protaphorura Genus Heteromurus Wankel, 1860 cf. salsa Kaprus, Pasnik, and Weiner, 2014 Heteromurus nitidus Templeton, 1835 and Vertagopus sp. are reported for the (Figure 2C) first time for Iranian fauna. All identified species and 16 genera (Seira Lubbock, Material examined: Golestan province, 1870; Mesentotoma Salmon, 1942; Kordkuy, Crop field, 6 specimens, Soil, Lepidocyrtus Bourlet, 1839; Pseudosinella 19.IV.2015; Kordkuy, Palangpa forest, Soil, Schaefer, 1897; Orchesella Lubbok, 1873; 21.IV.2014. Cyphoderus Nicolet, 1842; Tomocerus Distribution: Holarctic, Also present in Nicolet, 1842; Folsomides Stach, 1922; Nearctic Region (Christiansen & Bellinger Isotomiella Bagnall, 1939; Vertagopus 1980), Argentina, Chile, New Zealand Bagnall, 1939; Proisotoma Borner, 1901; (Mari Mutt 1980). Parisotoma Bagnall, 1940; Heteraphorura Bagnall, 1948; Allonychiurus Yosii 1995; Distribution in Iran: Mazandaran, Guilan Thalassaphorura Bagnall, 1949 and (Cox 1982), Kermanshah (Kahrarian et al. Mesaphorura Börner, 1901) are reported for 2014); Mazandaran (Yoosefi Lafooraki and the first time for Golestan province. A Shayanmehr 2013). brief taxonomic note including distribution with some illustrations for the newly Heteromurus major Moniez, 1889 reported species are given. (Figure 2D) Material examined: Golestan province, Family Entomobryidae Gorgan, Alangdarreh forest, more than 20 Genus Seira Lubbock, 1870 specimens, Soil under Horn beam, 23.X.2014;