REPORT RESUMES ED 018 127 EN 006 182 THE INFLUENCE OF THE CINEMA ON CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS, AN ANNOTATED INTERNATIONAL BIBLIOGRAPHY. REPORTS AND PAPERS ON MASS COMMUNICATION, NO. 31. UNITED NATIONS EDUCATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND CULT.ORG REPORT NUMBER 669 -B PUB DATE 61 EDRS PRICE MF40.50 HC -$4.36 107P. DESCRIPTORS- *FILMS, *CHILDREN, *ADOLESCENTS,*ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHIES, NETHERLANDS "PREVENTIE FONDS" (PREVENTIVE FUND) THIS IS A COMPREHENSIVE AND INTERNATIONAL ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY OF PUBLICATIONS CONCERNED WITH THEINFLUENCE OF FILMS ON YOUNG PEOPLE. THE ENTRIES ARE ARRANGEDBY SUBJECT AND EACH ENTRY DESCRIBES THE PURPOSE OF THE STUDY,THE RESEARCH METHODS EMPLOYED, AND THE MAIN CONCLUSIONSREACHED. THERE IS VIRTUAL UNANIMITY AMONG THE AUTHORS AS TOTHE VALUE OF MAKING AND DISTRIBUTING FILMS SPECIALLY FORCHILDREN. THIS DOCUMENT IS AVAILABLE AS 669-B. FROM NATIONAL DISTRIBUTORSOF UNESCO PUBLICATIONS OR FROM THE MASS COMMUNICATION CLEARING HOUSE, UNESCO, PLACE DE FONTENOY, PARIS..-7E, FRANCE, FOR $1.50. (MF) 41117.7,TrlITR.1.-5,401./.11,11.11MINVISI,.M1.01,47"..9.11MIIP.TIY, ..1741:144. .. t r 1.',t' r{eS{ At:7' 44,..11 ". ,)4,$'; ,,c;;1:'d-i;`;':i";:f:'4 4 40;', f4t1/ iV'77 ,,-,1_ . ": V' ,;, Reports and Vaers .144 onMass 40'4 Communication yr, N- e\1 11.4, ,f)k, , , -1'"'*";'-''.' 4 -; ik : ..; r-I , 1, r. ,.-,;. 'A ,.s.....,, 40. I :4. .1 :, :: , : - . ...-,.. , *v., .3;4 4.4.4,4' )4,4 . 7414"..} % :. 14^.'' :, ',. ....;'1,.., .;.''.... -..-'..i:: , CO ., ,,40 ,..^ .. 1.,', ;';* IQ , ,' ' , ...,' / irs-4 : ', cp . , . ... -71 . w r" , , ''''-k .' 4 4k" .; ._ .;; V :'.,....' 4:0!: : e- 1-. ,;;`;;L:k ?!. 4 ',,.. *. -; ., ..; ,-'';i: .. 7. ;. - .1 :....;: ,7,,:.;."-;4.,.,;....-;,;;IVIrr.,.....,.,,r4P-", ---1., .410.4t....,' . rr " -.; ..:.1-..4.7. ` ;.t.;,44';`1; --''' ,,;,,,,, - ...V"' 7.'7:.....t%-V;::',,t , r ,,4;:..". '' ,.'%. k , .' ..' :,. .;., ..1 0,.., ). ,.. 4 4 ;14.4k4 "4, 1.-.:'" ,- * .' ';'1 l't V .- 4" a .', ,'''' -i ':1'.'. ",...('7,e" * ''.."'''.'"D'' '!' '' 's ta.'r'.''',.. '2.,'. ;4"P- cl,',,, ';'`e,..iy,-4;..gidle";;" 77-...;.',./-.1''.7***'4";."4, .: ,,1;,.. % ;;',.!;;T"C."'' kci:."%>':,,,' %,." l'':71t; ,A.1. -Is'''' .... VI, '''''k, 1.'4' ,,:...i%:: .' : '.:,:'. ,.'"; - . .....; ...:,,. ':. ::- * ....' .....=.: ...::'Y .'VtiArr :I, .1',);;;..., ...' ... 4" io....,:-. -;,..1. ."..r.-... Vi.;1".'-. '''(,ry.' 'tk ,f- 4.4,'- ''-1.,:t , ,'7".. ,-- ,,',''41. -tril ,.. i ,.: ,,- 41°4 ,V, , , A, 4,,, ; ''. r .3- 'r.... "t1 , ' ;' ' '.../..": 7. 'C7;`,.:1)^Z,'' 1,1;1,...,4'- -;;;; ''''' !:,,i.. r .:...r.'t41,;'!.;,;, r'F,; 't,, ,''. .; ' '' " i .o., 7 ',: 4144' '0;4; ro,;;; . 7 I,4 irnvrnatio bi 7r. N. t;ti';' 4 This series of Reports and Papers on Mass Communication is issued by the Clearing House of the Department of Mass Communication of Unesco. Unless otherwise stated, the re orts may be __renrnducecl in or in part, provided credit is given to Unesco. The following reports ana papers have so far been issued and are obtainable from National Distributors of Unesco Publications or from the Mass CommunicationClearing House, Unesco, Place de Fontenoy, Paris 7e. REPORTS AND PAPERS ON MASS COMMUNICATION No 1 Films and Filmstrips about the work of the United Nations and its Specialized Agencies, May 1952 (out of print). Na2 World Film Directory- Agencies concerned with Educational, Scientific and Cultural Film - Section A: Africa : Section 8: America (North, Central and South); Section C: Asia and Oceania; Section D: Europe and Section E : International, July 1952/September 1953 (free on request). No 3 Films and Filmstrips about Education. August 1952 (out of print). No4Unesco Publications on Mass Communication - An Annotated Bibliography. October 1952(out of print) with Supplement 1954 (out of print). NG 5 Television - An Experiment in Community Reception in French villages. August 1952 (out of print). No 6Kerosene Filmstrips and Slide Projectors. November 1952 (free on request). No 7 The Daily Press - A Survey of the World Situation in 1952. December 1953 ($0.40; 2/- (Stg.); 1,00 NF). No 8Education for Journalism - 1953. January 1954 ($0.40 ; 2/- (Stg.); 1,00 NF). No 9Bibliography on Filmology as Related to the Social Sciences. February 1954 ($0.40; 2/- (Stg.); 1,00 NF). No 10Newsprint Trends 1928-1951. February 1954 ($0.40; 2/- (Stg.); 1,00 NF). No11 Paper for Printing (other than Newsprint) and Writing -1929 -1951 Trends. March 1954 ($0.40; 2/- (Stg.);1,00 NF). No 12Paper for Printing and Writing - Tentative Forecasts of Demand in 1955, 1960 and 1965. April 1954 ($0.40; 2/- (Stg.); 1,00 NF). No 13Tentative International Bibliography of Works Dealing with Press Problems (1900-1952). September 1954 ($0.50; 3/- (Stg.); 1,50 NF). No 14Catalogues of Short Films and Filmstrips- Selected List. February 1955 ($0.40; 2/- (Stg.); 1,00 NF). No 15Catalogue of French Ethnographical Films. May 1955 ($0,40; 2/- (Stg.); 1,00 NF). No 16Television and Tele-Clubs in Rural Communities. July 1955 ($0.40; 2/- (Stg.); 0,50 NF). No 17International Rules for the Cataloguing of Educational, Scientific and Cultural Films and Filmstrips. Preliminary edition, May 1956 ($0.40; (Stg.); 1,00 NF). No 18A Manual for Evaluators of Films and Filmstrips. May 1956 ($0.40; 2/- (Stg.); 1,00 NF). No 19List of Films Recommended for Children and Adolescents up to 16 years Following Selections made in 22 Countries. June 1956 (out of print). No 20Catalogue of 50 Popular Science Films. July 1956 (out of print). No 21Current Mass Communication Research I- Bibliography of Books and Articles on Mass Communication published since 1 January 1955. December 1956 ($1 ; 5/- (Stg.); 2,50 NF). No 22Periodicals for New Literates : Editorial Methods. June 1957 ($0.75; 3/5 (Stg.); 1,50 NF). No 23Cultural Radio Broadcasts. Some Experiences. December 1956 ($0.40; 2/- (Stg.); 1,00 NF). No 24 Periodicals for New Literates. Seven Case Histories. November 1957 ($1; 5/- (Stg.); 3,00 NF). No 25 Adult Education Groups and Audio-Visual Techniques. 1958 ($0.75; 3/6 (Stg.); 2,00 NF). No 26The Kinescope and Adult Education. 1958 ($0.75; 3/6 (Stg.); 2,00 NF). No 27 Visual Aids in Fundamental Education and Community Development.1959 ($0.75; 3/6 (Stg.); 2,50 NF). No 28Film Programmes for the Young. 1959 ($0.75; 3/ 6 (Stg.); 2,50 NF). No 29Film- making on a Low Budget. 1960 ($0.50; 2/ 6 (Stg.); 1,75 NFL No 30Developing Mass Media in Asia. 1960 ($ 1.50; 7/6 (Stg.) ; 5,25 NF). "PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THIS COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED aafewAlstovk) MC. 61.XVII.31.A Printed in the Workshops of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization Place de Fontenoy, Paris 7e UNESCO 1961 The influence of the cinema onchildren and adolescents An annotated international bibliography U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCATION & WELFARE OFFICE OF EDUCATION THIS DOCUMENT HAS BEEN REPRODUCED EXACTLY AS RECEIVED FROM THE PERSON OR ORGANIZATION ORIGINATING IT.POINTS OF VIEW OR OPINIONS STATED DO NOT NECESSARILY REPRESENT OFFICIAL OFFICE OF EDUCATION POSITION OR POLICY. unesco VIONNIIIFIII.NIFIMIMMNIIMIII.21114111.M.1.011 TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction: A survey of trends 5 1. General Works 9 (a) Introductory studies, reflexions and assessments 9 (b) Studies on the objectives of research, and methods employed 12 (c) Bibliographies and special periodicals 16 2. The attitude of youth towards the cinema 18 (a) Frequency of cinema attendance: cinema habits; the cinema in relation to other leisure activities 18 (b) Motives for cinema attendance; film preferences; star-worship... 29 3. Analysis of film content 33 4. Dr. process of seeing a film 36 (a) Perception and comprehension of films 36 (b) The psychology of film experience (participation, identification, projection, etc.) 40 5. Influence and after-effects of films 48 (a) The influence of films on general knowledge, ideas, and attitudes.. 48 (b) The influence of films on emotional life and behaviour 50 (c) What do children and young people recollect from films? 61 (d) Films and juvenile delinquency 62 6. Educational as ects and ractical measures 67 (a) The use of films in the development of personality 67 (b) Education towards better appreciation and critical assimilation of films, (cine-clubs; film education) 70 (c) Production and distribution of children's films; selection of suitable programmes for children and adolescents 82 (d) Censorship and legislation 90 7. Miscellaneous 94 (a) Special numbers of general periodicals 94 (b) Conference reports; handbooks of organizations, etc. 98 Index of authors 103 INTRODUCTION A SURVEY OF TRENDS Those who want to know what has been discovered the most noticeable of the trends to be detected about the influence of the cinema on children and here. A large number of writers advocate that adolescents will find an answer here.It has been teaching about the cinema should not merely be given by some four hundred writers, from nearly encouraged but that it should be given formal re- thirty different countries, whose work is repre- cognition in the school curriculum. In several sented in the following pages. countries (e .g. the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics The purpose of this bibliography is to list and and the United Kingdom), evenbefore the period to annotate the most important books and articles covered bythis book, this attitude existed. Any at- published throughout the world during the past tempt to classify a collection of data such as this into three decades dealing with the influence of the positive and negative categories would have been cinema on young people. The task has not been an "unscientific "; yet, as against those items which easy one: the field of subject-matter is wide and express viewpoints plainly antagonistictowards has been approached from various points of view - the cinema and its effects on the young, one cannot physiology, psychology, psychiatry, sociology, help being impressed by the volume of opinion in criminology, education - and the results have been favour of the educational aspects and practical published in many languages and places.