Boletín Rola nº 8, segundo semestre 2016 Update on the zoogeography of Odonata in the Macaronesian Islands Florian Weihrauch1, Virgílio Vieira2, Adolfo Cordero-Rivera3 & Nuno de Santos Loureiro4 1 Osmylus Scientific Publishers, Postfach 1212, 85280 Wolnzach, Germany; <[email protected]> 2 Universidade dos Açores, Departamento de Biologia & GBA/CE3C, Rua da Mãe de Deus, 13A, Apartado 1422, PT 9501-801 Ponta Delgada (Açores), Portugal; <[email protected]> 3 Grupo de Ecoloxía Evolutiva e da Conservación, Departamento de Ecoloxía e Bioloxía Animal, Universidade de Vigo, EUE Forestal, Campus Universitario A Xunqueira s/n, ES-36005 Pontevedra, Spain; <[email protected]> 4 Universidade do Algarve, Departamento de Ciências da Terra, do Mar e do Ambiente, Ed. 8, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; <[email protected]> SUMMARY Based on the comprehensive review by Weihrauch (2011), the checklists of all archipelagos of the Macaronesian Islands and the available literature on the distribution of their Odonata are brought up to date. Pantala flavescens is new to the Azores and the Canary Islands. The first record of Ischnura hastata from Graciosa Island confirms the species' breeding in all nine islands of the Azores. The presence of Ischnura senegalensis in the Canary Islands is confirmed. Single specimens of Agriocnemis exilis, Anax rutherfordi, and Anax tristis found in museum collections bring the checklist of Cape Verde to 17 species. No new species have been reported from Madeira or the Savage Islands. In summary, the checklist of Macaronesian Odonata now comprises acknowledged records of 23 species (8 Zygoptera, 15 Anisoptera). 9 Boletín Rola nº 8, segundo semestre 2016 RESUMEN Se actualizan los inventarios de los odonatos detectados en todos los archipiélagos de Macaronesia, basandosé en la literatura publicada posteriormente al estudio de Weihrauch (2011). Desde entonces, se ha detectado Pantala flavescens, nueva en Azores e Islas Canarias. La primera cita de Ischnura hastata en Graciosa ha confirmado su reproducción en las nueve islas de las Azores. La presencia de Ischnura senegalensis fue confirmada en las Islas Canarias. Especímenes únicos de Agriocnemis exilis, Anax rutherfordi y Anax tristis han aparecido en colecciones de museos, elevando el inventario de Cabo Verde a 17 especies. No se han registrado nuevas especies en Madeira e Islas Salvajes. En resumen, el inventario de Macaronesia comprende actualmente 23 especies (8 Zigópteros, 15 Anisópteros). INTRODUCTION Weihrauch (2011) evaluated the then available, published and also a few unpublished records for his comprehensive review of the occurrence and distribution WEIHRAUCH, F. (2011) A of Odonata in the Macaronesian Islands and provided review of the distribution the first detailed checklist for the various Macaronesian of Odonata in the Archipelagos. However, only half a decade later, Macaronesian Islands, with particular reference to the increased knowledge as well as some new, sometimes Ischnura puzzle. Journal of unexpected, records have already altered the checklist. the B.D.S., 27: 28-46. What is more, significant parts of the so-called “Ischnura PEELS, F. (2014) The puzzle” outlined in the same study –i.e., the question occurrence of Ischnura senegalensis in the Canary regarding the actual distribution of Ischnura species in Islands, Spain (Odonata: the Macaronesian Islands– have been clarified during Coenagrionidae). Notul. the past five years (Peels, 2014; Sánchez-Guillén & Cordero- odon., 8(4): 105-111. Rivera, 2015; Loureiro & Martins, 2016). Therefore, this SÁNCHEZ-GUILLÉN, R.A. paper summarizes all new records and publications & CORDERO-RIVERA, A. (2015) Confirmation of since 2011 and presents the current, most up-to- the presence of Ischnura date information on the zoogeography of Odonata senegalensis (Rambur, in the Macaronesian Islands. The revised checklist is 1842) on the Canary Islands. Animal Biodiversity and included together with discussion outlining possible Conservation, 38: 71-76. future arrivals and research possibilities. In the interests LOUREIRO, N.S. & MARTINS, of brevity, we have not repeated the information S. (2016) The status of (especially the comprehensive list of references) already Ischnura senegalensis in Cape Verde. African given in the review paper by Weihrauch (2011); for Entomology, 24(2): 448-452. older references we ask the reader to refer to that study. 10 Boletín Rola nº 8, segundo semestre 2016 THE AZORES Vieira & Cordero-Rivera (2013) present new data of VIEIRA, V. & CORDERO- RIVERA, A. (2013) New two surveys from Graciosa Island, listing only records data on the Odonata of Anax imperator and Sympetrum fonscolombii. In fauna from Graciosa addition, a small population of Ischnura hastata was Island (Azores). Arquipélago. Life and found in July 2016 as a first record in this island, thus Marine Sciences, 30: confirming its presence in all nine islands of the Azores 79-82. (Vieira & Cordero-Rivera, 2017). VIEIRA, V. & CORDERO- A recent booklet on the Odonata of the archipelagos RVERA, A. (2017) Ischnura hastata - a new of the Azores and Madeira (Vieira & Cordero-Rivera, species for the fauna of 2015a) provides comprehensive information on the four Graciosa Island, Azores. Notulae odonatologicae, well-known breeding species in the Azores. In addition, 8(9): [accepted] Pantala flavescens was recorded on São Miguel Island VIEIRA, V. & CORDERO- (Vieira & Cordero-Rivera, 2015b) as new and the RIVERA, A. (2015a) As northernmost record of this species in Macaronesia. libélulas dos Açores e Madeira. Amigos dos Another study from the Azores, published only recently Açores, Pico da Pedra. (Lamelas-López et al., 2016), represents the first analysis Ischnura hastata, female, with two terrestrial mites (Leptus sp.) as parasites on the head and abdomen, at Lagoa do Landroal, Pico Island, Azores. (ACR) 11 Boletín Rola nº 8, segundo semestre 2016 VIEIRA, V. & CORDERO- of larval development of Odonata in the archipelago, RIVERA, A. (2015b) by determining at 12 ponds in Terceira Island the instars First record of Pantala flavescens from the Azores. of development and growth ratios of Ischnura hastata, Odonatologica, 44: 1-9. Anax imperator, and Sympetrum fonscolombii. LAMELAS-LÓPEZ L., The spectacular record of Pantala flavescens underlines FLORENCIO M., BORGES the possibility of other potential immigrant species P.A.V. & CORDERO- RIVERA, A. (2016) Larval occurring in the Azores and in this context Vieira & development and growth Cordero-Rivera (2015a) discuss the following species: ratios of Odonata of the Azores. Limnology Anax ephippiger, this regarded as the first candidate, [online version available, and Anax parthenope as the second possibility. It is DOI:10.1007/s10201-016- 0490-y] even possible that more than one additional Anax will be evidenced in future, as the American congeneric Anax junius is considered likely to reach the Azores in the very near future; indeed it may already have done so. The authors, therefore, suggest that, if possible, A. imperator records from the Azores and Madeira should be screened and the taxonomic status be verified by DNA analysis. Table 1 resumes the current updated checklists of The Azores. All nine islands of the archipelago provide suitable breeding habitats for Odonata. Species / Islands Pico Faial Flores Corvo Terceira Graciosa São Jorge São Miguel Santa María Ischnura hastata 3 2 3 1 3 3 3 2 3 Ischnura pumilio 3 1 3 - 3 3 3 3 3 Anax imperator 3 1 3 3 3 3 3 2 3 Pantala flavescens - - - - - - - - 1 Sympetrum fonscolombii 3 2 3 3 3 3 3 2 3 Table 1. The Azores check-list of Odonata. Codes used in the Check-lists (Tables 1-4). 0: Only old records are avaible for the species in the island, the last reported observation being earlier than Jan. 2000. Subsequent codes reflect recent observation(s) of the species, with at least one record in the period between January 2000 and June 2016: 1: One record . 2: 2-9 records . 3: >9 records. 12 Boletín Rola nº 8, segundo semestre 2016 1A 1B 1C 1D 1E 1F Figura 1. Dragonfly habitats in The Azores. (Fig. 1A) Faial Caldeira, with a fragmented lake at the center of the caldera, Faial Island. (Fig. 1B) Lagoa do Landroal, Pico Island. (Fig. 1C) Lagoa do Cabeço dos Sardos, Pico Island. (Fig. 1D) Lagoa do Cabeço da Cruz, Pico Island. (Fig. 1E) Faja dos Cubres, São Jorge Island. (Fig. 1F) Shallow wetland, São Jorge Island. (Pictures: ACR) 13 Boletín Rola nº 8, segundo semestre 2016 THE MADEIRA ARCHIPELAGO GARDNER, A.E. The booklet mentioned above on the Odonata of (1963) Report on the the Azores (Vieira & Cordero-Rivera, 2015a) likewise insects collected by E. W. Classey and A. E. summarises all known information on the six breeding Gardner expedition to species in Madeira. No new records have been Madeira in December 1957. Proceedings published since 2011. However, recent observations of the South London of Anax imperator in Madeira indicate that this species Entomological and Natural History Society appears to be more brightly coloured than individuals 1962, pp.62-85. from the Iberian Peninsula. FERREIRA, S., GROSSO- In conclusion, the true identity of the series of enigmatic SILVA, J.M., LOHR, Ischnura specimens collected 1957 in Porto Santo M., WEIHRAUCH, F. & JÖDICKE, R. (2006) A (Gardner, 1963; cf. Ferreira et al., 2006) has not yet critical checklist of the been unraveled. Odonata of Portugal. Int. J. Odonatol., 9: 133-150. THE SAVAGE ISLANDS No new records or other information since 2011. In Table 2 are presented the updated checklists of the Madeira archipelago and the Savage islands. Breeding populations of Odonata are only found in the two major islands of Madeira and Porto Santo, as the other islands and islets do not hold permanent freshwater and are only sporadically visited by migrating individuals. Species / Islands Madeira Porto Santo Islas Salvajes Islas Desertas Ischnura pumilio 3 1 - - Anax ephippiger 1 1 - - Anax imperator 1 1 - 0 Anax parthenope 1 1 - - Sympetrum fonscolombii 3 1 0 - Sympetrum nigrifemur 3 - 0 0 Table 2.