JOURNAL OF THE TRANSACTIONS OF THE VICTOR I A INSTITUTE. VOL. XVI. JOURNAL OF THE TRANSACTIONS 011' lht ~ictnria Jnstitut t, OR EDITED BY THE HONORARY SECRETARY, CAPTAIN F. W. H. PETRIE, F:R.S.L., &c. VOL XVI. LONDON: (Wuhlisl:,tlJ fot tl:,t bstitutt) E. STANFORD, 55, CHARING CROSS, S.W. EDINBURGH: R. GRANT & SON. DUBLIN: G. HERBERT. PARIS: GALIGNANI & CO. AUSTRALIA : G. ROBERTSON. 1883. ,\ L r, RIG RTS J<E~ERYED. WYMAN AND SONS, PRINTERS, GRRAT QUEEN•S'lREET, LINCOLN'S-INN FIELDS, LONDON, W.C. CONTENTS OF VOL. XVI. ---- Page PREFACE ix JOURNAL OF TRANSACTIONS. ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING, Ju:t1E 30, 1881 1 FIFTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT 1 SPEECHES 9 ANNUAL ADDRESS-ON THE CREDIBILITY OF THE SUPERNATURAL. BY THE RIGHT HoN. THE LORD O'NEILL 12 SPEECHES 31 ORDINARY MEETING, APRIL ll, 1881 35 ON THE SUPPOSED p AL..EOLITHIO lMPLEMEN'fS OF THE VALLEY OF THE AxE. BY N. WHITLEY, EsQ., C.E. 3~ DIAGRAM TO MR. WHITLEY'S PAPER ••• to face 35 DISCUSSION ON THE ABOVE 42 ORDINARY MEETING, MAY 2, 1881 56 AN EXAMINATION OF THE PHILOSOPHY OF MR. HERBfRT SPENCER. BY THE REV. W. D, GROUND 56 DISCUSSION ON THE ABOYE 80 ORDINARY MEETING, APRIL 4, 1881... 96 ORDINARY MEETING, DECEMBER 5, 1881 97 AN EXAMINATION OF HERBERT SPENCER'S" THEORY OF THE WILL." BY REV. w. D. GROUND 98 vi C'ONTF.NTS OF VOL. xn. Page DISCUSSION ON THE ABOVE 115 REMARKS BY THE RIGHT HON. THE LORD O'NEILL 126 REMARKS BY THE REv. CANON SAuMAREZ SxnH, B.D. 128 FURTHER REPLY BY THE AUTHOR 129 ORDINARY MF-ETING, JANUARY 16, 1882 132 ON BIBLICAL PROPER NAMES, PERSONAL AND LOCAL, ILLUSTRATED FROM SOURCES EXTERNAL TO HOLY SCRIPTURE. BY REV, H. G. TOMKINS... 132 DISCUSSION ON THE ABOVE, WITH SPEECHES BY MR. RASSAM, Mn. TRELAWNEY SAUNDERS, AND OTHERS 152 <:o,TMUNICATION FROM PROFESSOR MASPERO ... ]66 ORDINARY MEETING, FEBRUARY 6, 1882 170 RREAKS IN THE CONTINUITY OF MAMMALIAN LIFE IN CERTAIN GEOLOGICAL PERIODS FATAL TO THE DARWINIAN THEORY OF EvoLUTioN. BY T. K. CALLARD, EsQ., F.G.S. 170 Co11rMUNICATIONs FROM S. R. PATTISON, EsQ., F.G.S.; REV. J. M. MELLO, M.A., F.G.S.; AND REV. E. DUKE, F.G.S. 189 DISCUSSION ON THE ABOVE 192 DICTATORIAL SCIENTIFIC UTTERANC:ES AND THE DECLINE OF MODERN THOUGHT. BY PROFESSOR LIONEL s. BEALE, F.R.S. 201 DISCUSSION ON THE ABOVE 227 O!s" THE NEw MATERIALISM. BY PROFESSOR LroNu S. BEALE, F.R.S. 235 ON THE Livnm AND 'fHE No!'I-LIVING. BY THE SAME 245 ORDINARY MEETING, FEBRUARY 20, 1882 249 THE THEORY OF EVOLUTION AS TAUGHT BY HAECKEL, AND HELD BY HIS FOLLOWERS, EXAMINED. BY J. HASSELL, EsQ. 249 DISCUSSION ON THE ABOVE 282 0RD~NARY MEETING, MARCH 6, 1882 291 THE SUPERNATURAL IN NA'l'URE. BY J. E. HOWARD, F.R.S. 291 ORDINARY l\1EETING, JANUARY 2, 1882 320 ORDINARY J\IEETTNG, APRIL 3, 1882 ... 321 MATERIALISM, BY C. "\V. Ricm1◊:-rn 321 DISCUSSION ON THE ABOVE 340 r'O"NTF:NTS OF VOL. XYI. Yll Pag, ORDINARY MEETING, APRIL 17, 188:l 344 DISCUSSION ON SuRGEON-l\L\JOR \V ALLICH's PAPER ON '.l'HE FALLACY OF THE MATERIALISTIC ORIGIN OF LIFE. SPEECHES BY PROFESSOR LIONEL s. BEALE, F.R.S., AND OTHERS 344 MEETING, MAY 1, 1882 350 APPENDICES. LIST OF THE VICE-PATRONS, MEMBERS, AssOCLI.TES, R1'C.... 353 HONORARY FOREIGN CORRESPO::-!DENTS, ETC ... , 394 LOCAL Ho NO RARY CoRRESPONDEXTS . • . 395 SOCIETIES EXCHANGING TRANSACTIONS 398 OB,JECTS, CONSTITUTION, AND RULES . 399 CosTENTS OF EACH OF THE SIXTEEN VOLUMES OF TUE BocIETY's JOURNAL OF J'RANS.\CTIO:'i'S 412 PREF ACE. rrHE Sixteenth Volume of the Journal of the Transactions of the VICTORIA INSTITUTE is now issued. It contains papers by the following authors :-Professor LIONEL s. BEALE, F .R.S., criticises the doctrine now entertained and widely taught by some scientific authorities-that life is, after all, only a form or mode of ordinary energy or motion. His purpose appears to be to show that this doctrine cannot be sustained by facts or arguments, observation or experiment, but rests on assertion only ; while he holds that the views concerning the nature and origin of life, comprised in the Evolution hypothesis, are not scientifically tenable. In a second paper his aim is to show that the "New Materialism " is unscientific and opposed to reason, contradicted by many facts of nature, and inju­ rious to the progress of Truth. Mr. T. K. CALLARD, F.G.S., and Mr. N. WHITLEY, C.E., contribute interesting Geological papers. The Rev. W. D. GROUND gives two careful papers on Mr. Herbert Spencer's philosophy. Mr. J. HASSELL examines the grounds of Haeckel's more extreme theory of Evolution. Mr. J.E. HowARD, F.R.S., gives a paper on" the Supernatural in Nature." The Right Honourable the Lord O'NEILL ably deals with the question of the Credibility of the Supernatural ; X PREFACE. his paper is supplemented by the last contribution to Science penned by the late well-known Rev. T. ROMNEY RoBINSoN,D.D., F.R.S., F.R.A.S. Judge C. W. RICHMOND (New Zealand) adds a clearly-argued paper on "Materialism." The Rev. H. G. ToMKINS gives a paper "on Biblical proper Names, personal and local, illustrated from sources external to Holy Scripture"; his statements being well supported by Professor MASPERO, Mr. HoRMUZD RASSAM, Mr. TRELAWNEY SAUNDERS, and others. To these, and to others who have taken part in _the dis­ cussion of the subjects treated, the best thanks of the Members and Associates are due. ' Her Majesty the Queen, in consequence of a communication from the President, has been graciously pleased to accept the volumes of the Transactions of the Institute. It is hoped that ere long Her Majesty may be pleased to accept that position designed for her by the founders of the Institute (see Vol. I., p. 31). Amongst the 11ames of members recently joined is that of Professor L. PAsTEUR, F.R.S. The adhesion of such men as PASTEUR and WuRTZ, and many others at home and abroad, has greatly tended to render the Institute more powerful for good, especially "at a time when principles which a few years ago would have been taken for granted by ninety-nine out of every hundred persons, are now all of a sudden brought up for discussion, and doubt thrown up~n them" (Speech by 'Sir STAFFORD NORTHCOTE, Bart., M.P.), and when the active investigations of scientific men render it so important that accurate scientific research should be encouraged and insisted upon. PREFACE. Xl As instances 0£ the important results 0£ recent exploration, the excavations at Tell El-Maskhtitah in Egypt-bringing to light the Succoth of the Exodus-and the labours 0£ the Palestine Exploration Fund in Moab, may be mentioned; also the remarkable discovery of the site of Sepharvaim by a member 0£ the Institute, Mr. HoRllIUZD RASSAllI. It is impossible to conclude without giving some expression to the wide-spread regret that progress in both the last­ named promising fields of discovery is completely stopped for the present, by reason of our Government being unable to obtain those Firmans from the Porte which are necessary for the continuance of works so well begun. F. W. H. PETRIE, Hon. Secretary and Editor. December 31, 1882. THE JOURNAL OF THE TRANSACTIONS OF THE VICTORIA INSTITUTE, OR PHILOSOPHICAL SOCIETY OF GREA'l1 BRITAIN. ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING, HELD AT THE HOUSE OF THE SOCIETY OF ARTS, THURSDAY, JUNE 30th, 1881. THE RrGH'r HoN. THE EARL OF SHAFTESBURY, K.G., IN THE CHAIR. The HoN. SECRETARY, Capt. F. PETRIE, read the following Report:- Progress of the Institute. 1. IN presenting the FIFTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT, the Council desires to congratulate the members and associates on the continued progress of the Institute, especially abroad;* this is due, in no small degree, to the increasing personal interest taken in its welfare by its supporters, and has enabled it, in spite of those adverse influences which have affected every interest, to increase its area of usefulness at a time when it was especially needful to do so. The Institute's steady progress has lea to the adherence of several scientific men of the first rank, who are now joining in its work. The importance of this fact cannot be over-estimated, as the Institute's power to accomplish its objects, and the respect in which its transactions are held if. For nearly two years about one half of those joining have been foreign supporters. VOL. XVI. B 2 by the General Public must be enhanced by the adhesion 0£ every Christian Philosopher who holds a position in the Scientific world. The Journal of the Transactions reaches members in India, in most of thA colonies, and in the United States; and the arrangements which have been made whereby foreign supporters may not only contribute papers, but take a part in the discussions by communicating opinions in MS., have so added to the interest and value of the journal as to lead to an increase of its circulation among the general public -one reason now assigned by many for seeking to obtain the Transactions being that "the papers and discussions often contain a careful and impartial examination of questions or theories of Philosophy and Science which are said to mili­ tate against the truth of Revelation."* 2. The following is the new list of the Vice-Presidents and Council:- President.-The Right Hon. the EARL OF SHAFTESBURY, K.G. Vice-Presidents.