Notes Introduction 1. Encyclopedia of the Jewish Diaspora (2009) gives an estimate of 4500, or 0.0004 percent of the estimated Indian population of approximately 1.25 billion (1204). Joan G. Roland estimates in The Jewish Communi- ties of India (1998) that at her time of writing, the Jewish population of India numbered approximately 5000 (267). Chapter 2 1. It is beyond the scope of this book to fully explore Western atti- tudes towards Nazi persecution of Jews in 1938–1939. Battleground is published after Kristallnacht, which does prompt the United States to withdraw its ambassador from Germany; the British parliament also voiced some objections. However, neither the US nor Britain were pre- pared to address the substantial refugee crisis resulting from events in Germany; France signed a non-aggression pact with Germany later that same year (Mara). 2. T.G. Fraser’s Partition in Ireland, India and Palestine: Theory and Practice (1984) remains the only scholarly work that brings the par- titions of India and Palestine into extended conversation. More work is badly needed, especially in light of the continuation of conflict in both South Asia and the Middle East over the last 30 years. 3. For a full account of the history and politics of Palestine, see Gudrun Krämer’s A History of Palestine (2011). Chapter 3 1. The problematic association of Jewishness with certain kinds of eco- nomic activity extends well beyond the realm of literature. Consider, for instance, the recent explosion of self-help and business books in China inviting readers to make money “the Jewish way” (Cha D1). A full investigation of this larger phenomenon is beyond the scope of this book. 2. For an account of the events surrounding the destruction of the Babri Masjid by Hindu militants and an analysis of the fallout of the state’s 174 Notes complicity in the event and the subsequent rioting, see Arvind Sharma, Ed. Hinduism and Secularism: After Ayodhya. New York: Palgrave, 2001. 3. This university’s website is exclusively in English—even the section for the department of Bengali. 4. This image was used on the theatermania website, which is an online venue for theatre ticket purchases. 5. See the theatreinchicago website, for example. 6. This generous ideal is consistently associated with Indigenous cultures in Mauss’s work, among whose practices Mauss hopes to discover the key to understanding a utopic, pre-monetary past. This in and of itself cries out for postcolonial analysis, but that task is beyond the scope of this book. Chapter 4 1. Gay Courter’s Flowers in the Blood (1991) also narrates the demise of the Baghdadi Jewish community of Calcutta. It is one of several pieces of melodramatic historical fiction based on the lives of nineteenth and early twentieth-century Jewish women that Courter has written. Unlike the other writers discussed in this book, Courter evinces no personal connection to the Indian subcontinent, and her novel works to exoticize Indian Jews; as such, it is beyond the scope of this book. 2. It is beyond the scope of this book to fully examine Ezekiel’s status here, although most critics cite Ezekiel’s modernity and, in particular, the fact that his poetry “breaks away, in content and in style, from the English poetry of the region as it was written during the colonial period” (Dulai 123). 3. All of the citations of poetry in this section refer to Ezekiel’s Collected Poems. 4. Rabbi Ezekiel N. Musleah, who was born in Calcutta, has self-published his own account of his family’s and community’s life, Bits and Pieces: Snitches and Snatches from a Lifetime of Thoughts, Anecdotes and Events (2011) but its limited availability and somewhat haphazard style set it apart from the literary texts discussed in this chapter. Bibliography Aafreedi, Navras Jaat. “Absence of Jewish Studies in India: Creating a New Awareness.” Asian Jewish Life Autumn 2010. http://asianjewishlife.org/ pages/articles/autumn(2010)/AJL_Feature_Absence_of.html Accessed May 17, 2012. Abramowitz, Yosef I. “A Golden Era for Jewish Books.” http://www.jbooks. com/interviews/index/IP_Corson.htm Accessed Aug. 22, 2011. Afzal-Khan, Fawzia. Cultural Imperialism and the Indo-English Novel: Genre and Ideology in R.K. Naryan, Anita Desai, Kamala Markandya and Salman Rushdie. University Park, PA: Pennsylvania State University Press, 1993. 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