Cambridge University Press 0521790247 - Medieval Africa, 1250-1800 Roland Oliver and Anthony Atmore Index More information Index Abd al-Karim, and otherthrow of Africa in the Iron Age ‒ Tunjur – Agades , , Abd al-Mumin of Morocco Agau people, Ethiopia –, Abd al-Wadids, dynasty of Tlemcen Ahmad, Mawlay, of Morocco, and Abdallabis, rulers of Nubia , invasion of Songhay –, – Abdallah Jamma of Nubia Ahmad b. Ibrahim of Adal Abu Abdullah Muhammad, sharif of and destruction of Solomonid Morocco empire – Abu Amr Uthman, ruler of Kanen defeat of , , Abul-Hasan, sultan of Morocco Ain Jalut, battle of Abu Yusuf Yaqub of Morocco Aïr , ; see also Agades Abu Zakariyya, sultan of Tunis , Aja people , Accra , and Atlantic slave trade Acholi people Akan people Adal, Sultanate of , , and slave trade , and destruction of Solomonid and gold, empire – Akinjogbin, I. A. overrun by Barentu Oromo Aksum Aden , , fall of Adrar , pillaged by Imam Ahwad Africa Akwamu, expansion and Atlantic slave and artistic, material and cultural trade – independence before , Alawi dynasty of Morocco , –, climate zones – Albusaid Imams of Oman, geography – Algeciras, Moroccan capture of historical sources for – Algeria independence of –, Ottoman government organisation interregional trade – – languages trade oral tradition Algiers political enlargement as motive force growth of – – involvement of al-Din brothers political organisation Ottoman control of political vitality Ali Bey al-Kabir of Egypt population growth and political seizure of power – change – Almeida, Francisco de slave trade –; traditional nature Almohad empire , of decline of society, expansion of Almoravids, conquest of Morocco spiritual vibrancy – Alvarez, Francisco – transport systems – Alwa warfare, nature of –, capital city Aegean Sea, islands , , kingdom of , © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 0521790247 - Medieval Africa, 1250-1800 Roland Oliver and Anthony Atmore Index More information Index penetration by Arab pastoralists Bambuk goldfields , , , political breakdown , , bananas , , trade Banda people , see also Nubia Bantu languages and speakers , Amara Dunkas, Funj conqueror of in rain forest –, – Nubia contact with Lwo Ambuila Tiongo, battle of household organisation in rainforest Amda Siyon, emperor of Ethiopia Amhara , , East African Iron Age , , Amharic language –, , – occupation of eastern South Africa Angola competing warrior-smiths South-Eastern complex – early political organisations within South-Western complex – Banu Hassan nomadic people, foundation of Portuguese colony Morocco origin of name Banu Hilal as slave-trading enterprise Ifriqiya Anjou, Charles, Count of Morocco – Ap-Funy , role in Maghribi society Arabia , , Banu Maqil, migrations of Arabic language , , , , , , Banu Marin, and invasion of Morocco , , , ; see also Morocco, Marinid Arabs , , , , , , , , , Banu Wattas, Morocco , –, , , , , Barbarossa, see Khayr al-Din , Barentu Oromo people, expansion of Aregay, Merid , Arochuku Barquq, Sultan , Aruj al-Din Barreto, Francisco Asante kingdom Barros, João de , expansion and Atlantic slave trade Batavian Republic – Battell, Andrew – foundations of Battle of the Three Kings, Morocco imperial system of Bayezid II, Sultan Aswan, Ottoman capture of Bemba, kingdoms of – Mamluks at Benguela , Atlas mountains , , , , , , Benin –, , emergence of – Avungara rulers of Azande expansion – Awjila, oasis of , obas of, –, Awlad Mumammad, Fezzan dynasty slavery and slave trade – , trade with Portuguese – Aybeg, Sultan of Egypt Berber language , Ayyubid dynasty of Egypt –, Berbers Azande in Cyrenaica –; in Morocco assimilation of subjects inter-dynastic conflict origins of hegemony unification by Islam – al-Azhar, university mosque , , , Bidderi, shrine – Bigo earthworks site, Uganda , Badi II, sultan of Funj Bijaya (Bougie) , , Badi IV, sultan of Funj Aruj al-Din’s expedition against © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 0521790247 - Medieval Africa, 1250-1800 Roland Oliver and Anthony Atmore Index More information Index Bijaya (Bougie) (cont.) Burckhardt, J. L. – Spanish garrison at Burton, Richard university mosque of Burundi, kingdom of , , –, Bilma salt mines , , Birmingham, David Bushong people, and Kuba kingdom Bisa, kingdoms of ‒ Bito dynasty of Bunyoro , Butana , Black Death Butwa arrival in Alexandria attacks on Portuguese Ifriqiya challenge to Mutapa kingdom – Mamluk Egypt trade relations with Portuguese blacksmiths , , , in Kongo Cairo , , , itinerant – Bonaparte’s occupation of organisers of warrior bands capture by Ottomans Blue Nile , , , character of Bonaparte, Napoleon , foundation of Napoleonic wars – growth of under Maluks Borana Oromo people importance in Ottoman empire encroachment into Ethiopia religious centre migrations of –, social hierarchy – Bornu , camels , , , , , , , , , ascendancy of , , , , , , , attacks on Hausa canoes , , , –, , , , decline of , , Islamic influence Câo, Diogo colonisation by Kanem Cape, settlement of Dutch East India military strength , – Company at , – relations with Tunis Dutch gentry class – slave trade – Dutch moves inland trans-Saharan slave trade , – importation of slaves –; effect of Botswana settlement on Khoi and Sotho-Tswana , emergence of Cape Coloured people Bouré goldfields , British ethnic composition expulsion of Xhosa from Zuurveld growth of – Cape of Good Hope , rule of Cape Cape Town – Browne, W. G. cattle , , , , –, , , , Bruce, James , –, , , , , , , Buganda, kingdom of –, –, , , , expansion of –, –, – government of cavalry forces , –, , , –, trade –, , , , –, , –, , Bulala, attacks on Kanem , –, , , , , Bungu , Central Sudanic languages , , migrations from , , , Bunyoro, kingdom of Ceuta , conflict with Buganda Portuguese occupation of impact of Nilotes, – Chad, lake , , –, , © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 0521790247 - Medieval Africa, 1250-1800 Roland Oliver and Anthony Atmore Index More information Index Chadic languages , , Dongola , –, Changamire, – Dragut, Corsair captain, and Ottoman Charles V, Emperor control of Tripoli Chibinda Ilunga, and Lunda origin Dunama Dibalami of Bornu traditions – Dutch Chibuene capture of Luanda Chittick, Neville occupation of Cape –, Christianity and Christian missions , slave trade , , –, , , , , , , Dutch East India Company – , , , , , , Dyula , in Ethiopia – activities of in Kongo –, –, trade with Portuguese in Nubia –, –, Chwezi kingdom East African coast , , – Lwo conquest of – Indonesian contact with – Congo river , , , , –, Muslim settlers – Edo estuary (Nzadi) –, , , , and emergence of Benin Efik people, and Atlantic slave trade copper , , , , , , , –, Egba people – , –, , –, , , Egypt , , , , , , , –, , , , , , agriculture benefits of Ottoman control Coptic language Bonaparte’s conquest of Corsairs –, , , conquest by Fatimids Cushitic languages –, , , effects of Ottoman conquest Islam, adoption of – Cyrenaica , , language Mamluk seizure of power Dahomey, kingdom – slavery and military recruitment Damascus – sacked by Mongols taxation sacked by Timur see also Mamluks; Ottoman Egypt; Dar Fertit , Mamluk Egypt Darb al-Arbain (Forty Days Road) Elmina –, Darfur Ethiopia , , , , Christian outposts in abdication of Susenyos defeat of Tanjur dynasty Christian Church expansion Christianity , – Islamisation of – defeated by Funj sultanate penetration by Arab pastoralists destruction of Solomonid empire pilgrimage route through – trade links with Egypt Oromo settlement in –, – David, king of Maqurra partial Islamisation of – Delagoa Bay , nature of medieval – Denkyira, expansion of and Atlantic Roman Catholicism in – slave trade Sarsa Dengel’s attempts to stabilise Dias, Paulo occupation of Luanda Island survival of Christian kingdom – Dols, M. W. see also Solomonid empire © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 0521790247 - Medieval Africa, 1250-1800 Roland Oliver and Anthony Atmore Index More information Index Eware, oba of Benin – , –, , –, , , , Ewe people , , , Gold Coast Fagan, Brian European trading settlements Fasiladas, emperor of Ethiopia slave trade – Fatimids Goletta, Tunis conquest of Egypt as corsair base relations with Nubia Graham, John Fernandes, Antonio Gray, Richard Fez , , , , Great Zimbabwe, see Zimbabwe Fezzan , Griqua people – and trans-Saharan slave trade firearms , , , , –, –, , Habesh, establishment of Ottoman , , , , , , , , province of , , , , , , , Hafsid dynasty , , attacked by Morocco , France origins and Egypt , rule in Ifriqiya – and Algiers see also Ifriqiya and West Africa Hammadi Pasha, bey of Tunis Fulbe people , , Harar , , , , expansion into Adamawa Harms, Robert revolutionary jihad Hausa people and cities , –, Funj sultanate Bornu attacks on campaigns against Ethiopia conversion to Islam creation of Islamic influence , effects of emergence of military raids expansion – slavery Islamisation of – trade origins – Henry the Navigator, Prince , political disintegration – Herbert, Eugenia zenith of power Herero people , – Fur people migrations of establish dominance over Arab Hinda dynasties of Karagwe , nomads expansion of – Hofrat en-Nahas, copper mines , Galadewos, emperior of Ethiopia , , horses , , , , , , , , , Gama,