Red Diamond Threats Newsletter TRADOC G-2 Operational Environment Enterprise ACE Threats Integration Fort Leavenworth, KS Volume 7, Issue 03 MAR 2016 INSIDE THIS ISSUE TRADOC G-2 WORLDWIDE EQUIPMENT GUIDE 2015 by John Cantin, TRADOC G-2 ACE Threats Integration (BMA CTR) Sustainable Readiness ....... 4 The 2015 version of the Worldwide Equipment Guide (WEG) is released as of 16 Anti-ISIL Alliance ............... 11 March 2016, and will be posted soon to the Army Training Network. This year’s WEG has significant changes in format, information, and ease of use to allow users Threat 2025+ ...................... 18 to more easily access information about weapons, platforms, and systems. Skylark UAV ....................... 23 Combating Terrorism ........ 26 Threats-Antiterrorism ....... 27 VAB APC in G-2 WEG ....... 28 Modeling Threats ............... 34 Thermobaric Weapons ...... 38 Threats/OPFOR on ATN .... 42 Threats POCs ..................... 43 OEE Red Diamond published Figure 1. Three-Volume TRADOC G-2 Worldwide Equipment Guide by TRADOC G-2 OEE Information, specifications, and tier tables have undergone a thorough review and ACE Threats Integration information has been updated where applicable. Individual chapters have been Send suggestions to: adjusted or combined where necessary to reflect changes for an operational ATTN: Red Diamond environment. The WEG will be posted to the Army Training Network (ATN) upon Jon H. Moilanen (IDSI Ctr), release. We encourage comments or suggestions to improve this product. Operations, G-2 ACE-TI and Laura Deatrick (CGI Ctr), WEG weapons and equipment tiers represent differing levels of system Editor, G-2 ACE-TI capabilities to be tailored as an opposing force (OPFOR) representative of a desired realistic, robust, and relevant threat in training, professional education, and leader development learning experiences. TRADOC G-2 ACE Threats Integration APPROVED FOR PUBLIC RELEASE; DISTRIBUTION UNLIMITED RED DIAMOND TOPICS OF INTEREST by Jon H. Moilanen, TRADOC G-2 ACE Threats Integration, Operations, Red Diamond Newsletter (IDSI Ctr) This issue of Red Diamond leads with an article on HQDA A concise article notes the antiterrorism awareness and EXORD 001-16 that directs the US Army use the Decisive protection cooperation of TRADOC G-2 ACE Threats Action Training Environment (DATE) as the foundation to Integration and TRADOC G-34 Protection Division at the describe operational environment (OE) conditions in training 2016 US Army Worldwide Antiterrorism Conference, and education, as well as use of Annexes B and C of US Army hosted by the Army’s Provost Marshal General. The Training Circular (TC) 7-102, Operational Environment conference theme was “The Evolution of Terrorism: and Army Learning. DATE and the US Army TC 7-100 Staying Ahead of the Terrorist.” series provide these complex and dynamic operational conditions, and OPFOR organization, weapon systems During the December 2015 DATE 3.0 Working Group and equipment, doctrine, tactics, and techniques as a meeting, a requirement emerged for a threat model composite of real-world threats, adversaries, and similar to a violent extremist organization (VEO) such as enemies. the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL). An article describes an approach of using the TC 7-100 series in Part one of a two-part article series addresses changes order to create desired threat capabilities and limitations that have occurred in the Syrian OE since the beginning of of a VEO for training and education purposes. the Syrian civil war, and the impact those changes have had on the US, Turkey, and the Anti-ISIL Alliance. The recent publication of the WEG includes the Véhicule de l’Avant Blindé (VAB), an armored personnel carrier, as Another article in a series describes the “Threat 2025+ one of several new entries. An article illustrates the many Project” to produce a series of threat blueprints for the roles of this carrier and its wide use among nation-states. purpose of capturing current and future threat tactics from a threat perspective for US Army training and Rocket propelled grenades (RPGs) have been continually education. TC 7-100.2, Opposing Force Tactics is the basis improved within an expanding family of rocket propelled for representation of current and projected threats. An thermobaric, incendiary, and smoke grenade rocket intent is to validate hybrid threat (HT) requirements for launchers. An article focuses on the thermobaric RPG of the HT force structure at training centers and locations which there are two primary variants: the RPO-A and US Army-wide. RPO-M Shmel. Other smaller, lighter-weight versions such as the MRO-A and the MGK Bur are also discussed. The US Army Warrior Simulation (WARSIM) uses an assortment of different Skylark unmanned aerial vehicles To be added to the Red Diamond e-distribution list, (UAVs) in corps and division training exercises. The contact: manufacturer, Elbit Systems, uses a UAV numbering Dr. Jon H. Moilanen (IDSI Ctr) system that can be is confusing and may cause less than TRADOC G-2 ACE Threats Integration, Operations optimum application in training and education. This [email protected] article clarifies the types of Skylark UAV as listed in the Worldwide Equipment Guide (WEG) located on the Army Training Network (ATN). Identify and Report SUSPICIOUS BEHAVIOR prior to ATTACK Red Diamond Page 2 Director’s Corner Thoughts for Training Readiness by Jon Cleaves, Director, TRADOC G-2 ACE Threats Integration (DAC) There is some confusion in the force over how to integrate current operational observations and insights into effective training for US Army readiness. One surging example of interest is the ongoing conflict between Ukraine and the Russian Federation in a contested border region. Numerous requests for information from commanders, Centers of Excellence, byexerciseJon S.designers, Cleaves curriculum, Director, developers, ACE-Threats trainers, Integration and educators appear to want data on the Warsaw Pact or Russia related to training and education that spans live, virtual, constructive, and gaming venues. First, a significant concern I see in many of these requests is a trend that presumes actions occurring between Ukraine and the Russian Federation are representative of how conflict will occur if the US Army in a coalition confronts the Russian Federation. Yes, similarities of this specific regional contest may exist in a future conflict. However, one thing of which we can be fairly certain is that potential adversaries will not fight us the way they fight their regional opponents. Dangerous opponents will adapt. And it is our charter to train our soldiers to resist dangers by subjecting them to those challenges in training before they face them for real. Many of the requests I receive completely miss the mark of this essential point. One cannot simply transpose today’s headlines into an exercise scenario and be likely to get it right. Second, another concern is a mantra that the opposing force (OPFOR) for training needs to be “more Russian.” The hybrid threat OPFOR already includes a substantial level of Russian representation in its composite model of actual worldwide forces and adaptable capabilities in doctrine, tactics, organization, and equipment. In fact, Russian thinking and experience probably accounts for more of the hybrid threat OPFOR than any other single actor. That OPFOR, a composite model of worldwide threat best practice, can be tailored to replicate the tactics and operations of any highly capable threat, including that potentially posed by the Russian Federation. Third, some voices from the field obscure adaptive tactics and simple techniques in military operations as something new or a revelation, and attempt to skew what should be priorities in training and educational experiences. For example, massed multiple rocket launcher fire on an enemy concentration in canalized terrain is neither new nor adaptive in concept or application. It is a technique, not an achievement. An unbalanced focus on technique continues to hamper comprehensive tactical understanding. We must truly visualize future threats, and be prudent and decisive in how, where, and when we apply the Army’s limited resources to prepare for and be ready in a complex and dynamic world. Finally, the Chief of Staff of the US Army recently published Execution Order 001-16, Sustainable Readiness, in which he states that the Army’s training and education proponents will use the Decisive Action Training Environment (DATE) (current version is 2.2, dated April 2015) as the foundation to describe operational environment (OE) conditions. DATE and the US Army TC 7-100 series provide these complex and dynamic operational conditions, and OPFOR organization, weapon systems and equipment, doctrine, tactics, and techniques as a composite of real-world threats, adversaries, and enemies. The OE and OPFOR, as stated in Army Regulation 350-2, Operational Environment and Opposing Force Program (2015), are integral to complex and dynamic training conditions as challenging operational variables, and an OPFOR must be realistic, robust, and relevant to assessing and evaluating US Army performance measures and collective and/or individual task proficiency. JON Red Diamond Page 3 Sustainable TC 7-102 Readiness and the Decisive Action Training Environment by Jon H. Moilanen (IDSI Ctr) and Angela McClain-Wilkins (DAC), TRADOC G-2 ACE Threats Integration Sustainable readiness is the Army’s new force generation process. The Army will use it to generate trained and ready units to meet known operational requirements, while simultaneously creating the adequate depth necessary to remain optimally postured to deploy rapidly to unforeseen contingencies. Army Directive 2016-05 (Building Training Readiness) (11 February 2016) Headquarters, Department of the Army recently published Execution Order (EXORD) 001-16 to detail requirements and direction on how the US Army will establish an enduring process for sustainable readiness. Annex B of the EXORD (2016) states two critical factors in order to provide consistency in Army unit training products, such as collective and individual tasks, Combined Arms Training Strategies, and associated learning methods.