OHIO VALLEY HISTORY Volume 4, Number 4, Winter 2004 A Journal of the History and Culture of the Ohio Valley and the Upper South, published in Cincinnati, Ohio, and Louisville, Kentucky, by Cincinnati Museum Center and The Filson Historical Society, Inc. Contents Political Culture and the Origins of a Party System in the Southern Ohio Valley: The Case of Early National Tennessee, 1796-1812 Kristofer Ray 3 “For the Sake of the Songs of the Men Made Free”: James Speed and the Emancipationists’ Dilemma in Nineteenth-century Kentucky Jennifer Cole 27 The Ties That Bind: James H. Richmond and Murray Teachers College During World War I1 Jennifer Wbitmer 49 Review Essay Cover: Entrance James Holmberg of the Fifty-fifth J. 68 Massachusetts Regiment into Reviews 71 Charleston, an example of USCT The Filson Historical Society Announcements 80 Index 84 WINTER 2004 1 Contributors KRISTOFERRAY is Assistant Editor at the Papers of Thomas Jefferson: Retirement Series project at the University of Virginia, where he is also a lecturer. He received his Ph.D. from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in 2003. His dissertation was titled “Progress and Popular Democracy on the Southwestern Frontier: Middle Tennessee, 1790-1824.” JENNIFER COLEis an M.A. candidate in Library and Information Science, specializing in Archives and Records Management, at the University of Pittsburgh. JENNIFERWHITMER is an M.A. candidate in History at the University of North Carolina at Wilmington. JAMESJ. HOLMBERCis Curator of Special Collections at The Filson Historical Society. 2 OHIO VALLEY HISTORY Index to Volume 4 OHIO VALLEY HISTORY 2004 “’Beneath the Golden Stairs’: Gender, Unionization, and Mo- “Review of ‘The Cincinnati Wing: The Story of Art in the bilization in World War I1 West Virginia,” by Kevin Queen City,’ a Permanent Exhibition at the Cincinnati Barksdale, (1)1, 21 Art Museum,” by Paul Breidenbach, (1)1, 64 “’Fairly launched on my voyage of discovery’: Meriwether “right of labor” ideology, (4) 33 Lewis’s Expedition Letters to James Findlay,” edited “right of property” ideology, (4)33 by James J. Holmberg, (3) 1-2, 19 “sex-typing,’’ war and, (1)22 “’For the Sake of the Songs of the Men Made Free’: James “Space and Place on the Early American Frontier: The Ohio Speed and the Emancipationists’ Dilemma in Nine- Valley as a Region, 1790-1850,” by Kim M. Gruen- teenth-Century Kentucky,” by Jennifer Cole, (4) 1, 27 wald, (3) 1-2, 31 “’The Gateway to the South’: Regional Identity and the Lou- “The Art of Survival: Moravian Indians and Economic Ad- isville Civil Rights Movement,” by Tracy K’Meyer, (1) aptation in the Old Northwest, 1767-1808,” by Maia 1,43 Conrad, (3) 1-3 “’This Terrible Conflict of the American People’: The Civil “The Last of the Herd,” by Henry Farny, (1)70 War Letters of Thaddeus Minshall,” by Lisa Brady, “The Ties That Bind: James H. Richmond and Murray (1)123 Teachers College during World War 11,” by Jennifer “Aesthetic Movement,” (1)67-68 Whitmer, (4) 1,49 “Black History Project,” (1)77 “true woman,” (1)4 “Black Laws” (Ohio), (3)41 “Venetian Lace Makers,” by Robert Frederick Blum, (1) “Border Slave State Emancipation Convention,” (4)39 69-71 “Cincinnati Looks West,” (1)70 “Western Country,” (3)31, 35-36,40,42,45 “Corps of Discovery,” (3) 19,22,24-25 331d Ohio Volunteer Infantry, (1)3-20 “Cult of True Womanhood,’’ (1)4-5, (3)50 “gender division of labor,” war and, (1)22 “Great American Desert,” (3) 3011 “Harvest Dance,” by Joseph Henry Sharp, (1)70 A A Citizen-Soldier’s Civil War: The Letters of Brevet Major “Henry Bellows Interviews Hiram Powers,’’ edited by Kelly F. General Alvin C. Voris (2002),edited by Jerome Wright, (3) 1-2,49 Mushkat, (1)79-81 “Kentucky Fugitive Slave Data Base,” (2)65 A Fragile Capital: Identity and the Early Years of Columbus “long hot summers” (1968), (1)54 (2001), by Charles C. Cole, Jr., (2) 63-64 “March to the Sea,” (1)4 A History of Blacks in Kentucky: From Slavery to Segrega- “Mississippi attitudes,” (1)47 “Murder in the Classroom: Privilege, Honor, and Cultural tion, 1760-2892 (2003), by Marion B. Lucas, (1) 77-78 Violence in Antebellum Louisville,” by Ann Hassen- A History of Jonathan Alder: His Captivity and Life with the Pfl% (2)1, 5 Indians (2002),by Henry Clay Alder, (1)74-75 “Old Northwest,” (3)45 “Out of School, Out of Work: Youth, Community, and the A Strike Like No Other Strike: Law & Resistance during the Pittston Strike of 1989-1990 (2002), by Richard National Youth Administration in Ohio, 1935-1943,” Coal by Kevin Bower, (2) 1, 27 A. Brisbin, Jr., (3)90-91 “Political Culture and the Origins of a Party System in the Abolitionist movement, in the Western Country, (3) 40-41 Southern Ohio Valley: The Case of Early National Abrams, Elliot, (4) 72 Tennessee, 1796.1812,” by Kristofer Ray, (4) 1, 3 absenteeism, (1)34 “Renegade Apaches,” by Henry Farny, (1)70 activists, civil rights, (1)46-47, 50-51, 54, African Ameri- “Resistance on the Border: School Desegregation in Western can, (1)46,49, white, (1)46,49, liberal, (1)49, in Kentucky, 1954-1964,” by David L. Wolfford, (2) Louisville, (1)55 1,41 Adams, John Quincy, (3) 57, 62, 64 “Review of ‘Fashion on the Ohio Frontier, 1790-1840,’ an Adams, John, (4) 9 Exhibition at Kent State University Museum,” by Kim Adams, Luther, (3) 90 Address to the Non-Slaveholders of Kentucky, (4) 32-34 Gruenwald, (1)1, 61 African American, (1)14,44-52, (2)41-62, aldermen, (1) 84 OHIO VALLEY HISTORY 44, 55, state representatives, (1)44, voters, (1)44-45, Bardstown, Kentucky, (4) 28 community leaders, (1)47, 50, 58, community, (1) Barkley, Alben, (4)52,57-58 55, activists, (1)46,49-50, 54, artists, (1)65, settlers Barksdale, Kevin, “’Beneath the Golden Stairs’: Gender, on Ohio frontier, (1)62, and slavery in Kentucky, (1) Unionization, and Mobilization in World War I1 West 77-78, women, (2) 31-32, men, (2)32, as freedmen, Virginia,” (1)1,2,21 (2)42, and lynching, (2)42, and education, (2) 43-44, Baroque style, (3)49 and school integration in Kentucky, (2) 47-62, and baseball team, in Louisville, (1)47 apathy on integration, (2)50, and the Underground Beard, James, (1)66 Railroad, (2) 64-65, religious experience of, (2) 72-73, Bellows, Henry W., (3)49 part of Western Country, (3)40-41 Belote, Jack, (4) 57 African Methodist Episcopal Church, (2) 72-73 Benigna, Anna, (3) 8 agriculture, during Civil War, (1)15, plow, (3) 10,13, Euro- Bentley, Anna Briggs, (3) 81 pean system of, (3), 13 Benton, Thomas Hart, (4) 15-17 Akron, Ohio, (2) 35 Bickley, Ancella R., and Lynda Ann Ewen, eds., Memphis Alabama, (1)55 Tennessee Garrison: The Remarkable Story of a Black Albany, New York, (3) 38 Appalachian Woman (2001),(2) 70-71 Albemarle County, Virginia, (3)21 Big Bone Lick, Kentucky, (3)29n Alder, Henry Clay, A History oflonathan Alder: His Captiv- Billings, Dwight B. and Kathleen M. Blee, The Road to ity and Life with the Indians (2002), (1)74-75 Poverty: The Making of Wealth and Hardship in Ap- All-American City Award, (1)53-54 palachia (2000), (1)85-87 Allen, Alfred, (2)23 Bingham, Barry, (1)52 American Federation of Labor (AFL), (1)21,25 Birmingham, Alabama, (1)43,46, 51, and race relations, (1) American Freedman’s Inquiry Commission, (4) 37 43, 51, and housing segregation, (1)54 American Impressionists, (1)67 Bissonette, Anne, 61-63 American Institute of Teachers, (2) 17 Black Patch Wars, (2)42 American landscape, (3) 65 Black Power on Campus: The University of Illinois, 1965-75 American Municipal League, (1)53-54 (2003), by Joy Ann Williamson, (2) 74-75 American Peace Society, (2) 6-7 black suffrage, (4) 43 American Republic, (1)76 Blackmore, George, (4) 9 American Revolution, (1)73-74, (3)32, 37, 45-46 Blackwell, Benjamin Titus, (1)62 American Tobacco Company, (2)42 Bledsoe’s Station (Tennessee), (4)6 American West, (3)25 Blight, David W., (2) 64 Americans, Victorian, (3)49 Bliss, Eugene, (3) 21 An Address to the People of Kentucky on the Subject of Bliss, Josiah, (2)9, 18 Emancipation, (4) 32 Blondin, (1)10-12, 18n Appalachia, and Memphis Tennessee Garrison, (2) 70-71 Blount, William, (4) 6-8, 11 Appalachian Mountains, (1)63 Bluegrass state, (1)73, (2) 56 Appleton’s ]ournal, (3) 51 Blum, Robert Frederick, (1)67, 69-71 Arkansas, (2)6, 15 Board of Aldermen, Louisville, (1)56 Army and Navy “E” Flag, (1)31, 34 Board of Education, Louisville, (1)48-49 Army of the Ohio (later Army of the Cumberland), (2) 65-66 Board of Regents, (4)59 Army Signal Corps, United States, (4) 54 Board of Trustees and Teachers of the Private and Public Army Specialized Training Program, (4) 57 Schools in Louisville, (2) 11 Aron, Steven, (1) 74 Bond, Julian, (2) 77 Art Academy (Cincinnati), (1) 67 Boone County, Kentucky, (2) 80 art-carving, in Cincinnati, (1)68-69 Boone, Daniel, (1)73 Atlanta & Chattanooga Railroad, (1)13 Boonesborough, (1)73 Atlanta Campaign, (1)1711 Boott, Elizabeth, (1)67 Atlanta, Georgia, (1)46, 51 border city, (1)45,57 border state, (2)60, (4)27, 37, 45 Bower, Kevin, (2) 1-3,27, “Out of School, Out of Work: Youth, Community, and the National Youth Adminis- backcountry, historians of the, (1)63 tration in Ohio, 1935-1943,” (2) 1, 27 Bail, Alec, (1)37 Bowling Green State Street School (Kentucky), (2) 44 Baird, Rebecca J., (1)87 Bowling Green, Kentucky, (1) 1711, (2)42, (2)52,54, 58-59 boycott, in Cincinnati, (1)65 Ballard, Judge Bland, (4)44 Braden, Baltimore, Maryland, (3)35 Anne, (1)49, (2)75-77 WINTER 2004 85 INDEX TO VOLUME 4 Braden, Anne, The Wall Between (1999), (2) 75-77 Chafe, William, (1)22 Brady, Lisa, “’This Terrible Conflict of the American People’: Chandler, Governor