Planning Northern Parks and Protected Areas Parks and Protected Planning Northern Parks and Protected Areas Areas Research in Ontario 2004 EDITED BY: HRISTINA EHBEIN C K. R J. GORDON NELSON THOMAS J. BEECHEY ROBERT J. PAYNE PROCEEDINGS OF THE PARKS RESEARCH FORUM OF ONTARIO (PRFO) ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING MAY 4 - 6, 2004 2004 LAKEHEAD UNIVERSITY PARKS AND PROTECTED AREAS RESEARCH IN ONTARIO 2004 PLANNING NORTHERN PARKS AND PROTECTED AREAS PROCEEDINGS OF THE PARKS RESEARCH FORUM OF ONTARIO (PRFO) ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING MAY 4 - 6, 2004 LAKEHEAD UNIVERSITY EDITED BY: CHRISTINA K. REHBEIN, J. GORDON NELSON, THOMAS J. BEECHEY AND R. J. PAYNE Published by Parks Research Forum of Ontario (PRFO) University of Waterloo Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1 (519) 888-4567 x2072 [email protected] www.prfo.ca ©Parks Research Forum of Ontario (PRFO), 2004 Cover photo: Ouimet Canyon Provincial Nature Reserve. By: Thomas J. Beechey Library and Archives Canada Cataloguing in Publication Parks Research Forum of Ontario. Meeting (2004 : Lakehead University) Parks and protected areas research in Ontario, 2004 : planning northern parks and protected areas : proceedings of the Parks Research Forum of On- tario (PRFO) annual general meeting, May 4-6, 2004, Lakehead University / edited by Christina K. Rehbein ... [et al.]. Includes bibliographical references. ISBN 0-9737544-1-9 1. Parks--Ontario, Northern--Congresses. 2. Protected areas--Ontario, Northern--Congresses. 3. Parks--Ontario--Congresses. 4. Protected areas- -Ontario--Congresses. I. Rehbein, Christina K., 1979- II. Parks Research Forum of Ontario. III. Title. QH77.C3P374 2004 333.78’316’097131 C2005-901209-9 Overview The Parks Research Forum of Ontario (PRFO) The Parks Research Forum of Ontario (PRFO) encourages research applying to parks and protected areas. The objectives of PRFO are to: • promote research to improve understanding, planning, management and decision making for parks and protected areas; • encourage related educational and training activities; • facilitate more cooperation in parks and protected areas research; • encourage regular exchange of information on parks and protected areas research; and, • monitor and report on such research. The aims of the PRFO 2004 conference, Planning Northern Parks and Pro- tected Areas were to: • identify common challenges facing researchers, planners and managers working in parks and protected areas in Northern Ontario; • identify and prioritize needs for social and ecological research in parks and protected areas in Northern Ontario; • identify opportunities for collaboration; and, • provide an opportunity for presentation and discussion of a wide range of research on parks and protected areas. i PRFO 2004 Steering Committee Gordon Nelson - Chair, University of Waterloo Bob Payne - Lakehead University, 2004 Local Conference Coordinator Bob Davidson1 - Ontario Parks Bill Stephenson2 - Parks Canada Tom Beechey - Canadian Council on Ecological Areas Brian Craig - Ecological Monitoring and Assessment Network Tom Nudds - University of Guelph Michael Troughton - University of Western Ontario Dawn Bazeley - York University John Marsh - Trent University 1Representative at time of 2004 meeting. New Ontario Parks representative is Rob Davis. 2Representative at time of 2004 meeting. New Parks Canada representative is Paul Zorn. ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Sable Island Provincial Nature Reserve (T. Beechey) We would like to thank all those people who helped make PRFO 2004 pos- sible. This was the first PRFO meeting in the North so very special thanks are owed to Bob Payne and his colleagues and supporters at our host, Lakehead University. We also owe special thanks to Stephanie Janetos, then coordinator of PRFO for all her careful efforts to organize registrations, logistics, and other arrangements. And we owe many thanks to all the people who presented pa- pers and attended the meeting. We also acknowledge the strong financial and general support of Ontario Parks and Parks Canada for PRFO’s program. iii TABLE OF CONTENTS Overview: The Parks Research Forum of Ontario (PRFO) ........................ i PRFO 2004 Steering Committee ................................................................ ii Acknowledgements ..................................................................................... iii Introduction: Planning Northern Parks and Protected Areas ...................... 1 Theme Papers Planning Northern Parks and Protected Areas Three Protected Areas Divided by a Common History: Management and Re- search in Quetico Provincial Park, the Boundary Waters Canoe Area Wilder- ness and Voyageurs National Park Roger Suffling and Robin Reilly ......................................................... 7 Protected Areas and the Conservation of the Boreal Forest: Contributions of Research in the Past, Present and Future R.J. Payne .......................................................................................... 21 A National Marine Conservation Area Proposal for Lake Superior: Chal- lenges, Opportunities and Research Needs Gail Jackson ....................................................................................... 33 Volunteered Papers Disturbance Processes and Implications Natural Successional Dynamics of Boreal Forests in Northeastern Ontario Stan Vasiliauskas and Han Y.H. Chen ................................................ 41 Post-fire Regeneration of Boreal Forests in Northeastern Ontario Stan Vasiliauskas and Han Y.H. Chen ................................................ 53 Ecological Restoration in Parks and Protected Areas: Using Protected Areas for Testing Methods of Restoring Forest Communities Stephen D. Murphy ............................................................................ 69 v Climate Change Climate Change and Ontario’s Provincial Parks: A Preliminary Analysis of Potential Impacts and Implications for Policy, Planning and Management Christopher Lemieux, Daniel Scott and Rob Davis ........................... 83 The Importance of Polar Bear Provincial Park to the Southern Hudson Bay Polar Bear Population in the Context of Future Climate Change Martyn E. Obbard and Lyle R. Walton ............................................... 105 Climate Change and Recreation in Ontario Parks Dan Mulrooney .................................................................................. 117 Species Protection and Conservation Losses of Amphibians and Reptiles at Point Pelee National Park Stephen J. Hecnar and Darlene R. Hecnar ........................................ 127 Back to the Future: Designing Protected Areas Using Data on Historical Spe- cies’ Distributions Thomas D. Nudds and Yolanda F. Wiersma ....................................... 141 Great Lakes Conservation Blueprint for Terrestrial Biodiversity on the Cana- dian Shield Bonnie L. Henson, Kara E. Brodribb and John L. Riley ................... 151 Monitoring, Assessment and Planning The Ontario Benthos Biomonitoring Network Chris Jones and Brian Craig ............................................................. 163 Challenges within the Ontario’s Living Legacy (OLL) Inventory Program for the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources-Northeast Region Barbara Burkhardt, John Thompson, F. J. (Rik) Kristjansson, Lori King, Sean Longyear, Melanie Silver, and Jake Noordhof ................ 175 Assessing the Carpathian Ecoregion Initiative (CEI) J.G. Nelson ......................................................................................... 189 vi Restoring Nature in German National Parks: Policy and Case Studies Eric Cline and R.J. Payne .................................................................. 209 The Challenges of Collaborative Land-Use Planning: A Case Study of the Kawartha Highlands Signature Site Janice Barry ....................................................................................... 221 Human Dimensions The Story of Parks: Reflections on Interpretation in Canada’s National Parks Jillian Henderson ............................................................................... 231 Progress in Integration of Social Science in the Parks Canada Science Strat- egy Lori Bradford ..................................................................................... 241 Implementing Capacity-Building, Respect, Equity, and Empowerment (CREE) in the Social Sciences Raynald Harvey Lemelin and F. Henry Lickers ................................. 251 Workshop on Social and Economic Benefits of Provincial Parks Rationale ..................................................................................................... 265 The Study of the Economic and Social Benefits of the Nine Ontario’s Living Legacy Signature Sites Phil Shantz, Will Wistowsky, Dr. Kim Rollins and Lorne Johnson .... 267 A Critique of the Study on the Social and Economic Benefits Associated with the Nine Ontario Living Legacy Signature Sites Len Hunt............................................................................................. 281 Review of: Study of the Economic and Social Benefits of the Nine Ontario Living Legacy Signature Sites Peter Boxall ....................................................................................... 283 vii Appendices Appendix A: Reports ................................................................................... 291 Policy Update: Fire Management Policy for Provincial Parks and Conserva- tion Reserves Dave Heaman and Jonathon Wilkinson ............................................. 291 Appendix B: Abstracts for Non-submitted Papers .....................................