DEIKSIS Vol. 08 No.01, Januari 2016 p-ISSN: 2085-2274, e-ISSN 2502-227X hal. 102 - 110 THE ANALYSIS FIGURATIVE MEANING OF JAKARTA POST A PAPER Dewi Mutiara Indah Ayu1, Sjafty Nursitti Maili2 Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris Fakultas Bahasa dan Seni Universitas Indraprasta PGRI Jln. Nangka 58 Tanjung Barat, Jakarta Selatan, Indonesia [email protected], [email protected] Abstract The purpose of this research is to know any kind of Figurative Meanings, which is dominantly used and to find out kinds of situation used in the Jakarta Post Headline News. The data were collected by qualitative research; they were gathered by doing newspaper observation. There were 14 headline news of Jakarta post collected. The data were analyzed by figurative meaning which consists of: personification, synecdoche, metonymy. The result of the study shows that Metonymy (3), Synecdoche (6), Personification (5), and the most dominant of figurative meaning are Synecdoche (6). This figurative meaning used in all situations that show expression in which the name of an attribute or a thing is substituted by another with which it is associated closely. Key words: Figurative Meanings Analysis, Headline News Jakarta Post ANALISIS MAKNA KIASAN PADA BERITA UTAMA KORAN JAKARTA POST Abstrak Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui berbagai jenis makna kiasan yang digunakan secara dominan serta mencari tahu berbagai jenis makna kiasan yang ada di koran Jakarta Post. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah qualitatif yang disusun berdasarkan observasi pada koran. Ada 15 berita utama yang berhasil dikumpulkan pada koran Jakarta Post. Data kemudian dianalisis berdasarkan makna kiasan yang terdiri dari, personification, synecdoche, metonymy. Hasil dari penelitian inimenunjukkan bahwa makna kiasan seperti Metonymy (3), Synecdoche (6), Personification (5) dan ternyata hasil akhir menunjukkan bahwa makna kiasan yang paling mendominasi adalah Synecdoche (6). Makna kiasan ini sering kali digunakan dalam berbagai situasi. INTRODUCTION reading and writing. Reading is the one Language is a means of of the most important skills in learning communication used by a group of a language. people to express their thoughts, The general aim of teaching feelings and beliefs. By using a English to the students of English language, the people can understand one department is to master all skills of the another. One of the languages that are language (listening, speaking, reading used internationally is English. and writing) and when they graduate. Nowadays, English is included in the They will be professional in teaching curriculum of Indonesian schools, and and practicing English. English language teaching has four English is one of the most skills that are listening, speaking, important languages around the word. 102 The Analysis Figurative Meaning Of Jakarta Post A Paper (Dewi Mutiara Indah Ayu dan Sjafty Nursitti Maili) In almost every aspect of human life, DISCUSSION people used English to speak out the LITERATURE REVIEW things they want to tell in both written Analysis Variety and oral communication. AS. Hornby (1989:175) stated There are many ways to make it. that, “Analysis is the detailed study or One of them is a language style, called examination of something in order to figurative meaning which is used not understand more about it, the result of only in ordinary literal sense but also in the study statistical analysis”. an imaginative way. Since the figurative http://languagearts.ppst.com.analysis.ht meaning are uncounted, the writer ml, “Analysis is a set of techniques for limited herself ability on those which exploring underlying motives and a have been chosen as the object of this method of treating various mental study which is figurative meanings disorders”. Next, according to E. analysis in the headline news in the Kosasih (2002:43), Analisa adalah Jakarta Post. The writer chooses this Penyelidikan terhadap suatu peristiwa title because it has some purposes like (perbuatan atau karangan) untuk the writer wants to know what the mengetahui keadaan yang sebenarnya figurative meaning exactly is. (sebab-akibat) it can be translated as According to Jane. N Beatty, follow “Analysis is the investigation in 1992 states that Newspaper is printed an event (done or writer) to understand on thin paper made from a combination the real situation (cause - effect). It is of recycled matter and wood pulp, and mean for disentangling a topic is not intended to last very long. Large specifically and knowing a context printing presses, usually located at a between topic and subtopic for plant separate from the editorial and understanding all of meaning. advertising headquarters, print the From the explanations above, the editions, and a network of delivery writer concludes that, “Analysis is trucks bring them to the newsstands and research on a problem in detail to know geographical distribution centers for and understand about actual cause and subscribers. effect. It should be done by researcher. The writer analyzes the newspaper because it’s a medium of Theory of Figurative Language communi-cation, present some new Definition of Figurative Language categories such as: economic, sports, Richard Gill (1985: 40) states that story, editorial, subheading, figurative meaning is a word or phrase advertisement and of course headlines that departs everyday literal language news. The headline news itself often for the sake of comparison, emphasis, used style and variation of grammar. clarity, or freshness. To be used well, Style and grammar are used to attract figurative meaning enhances your reader’s attention and to make news fiction and can be an economical way of more interesting. Newspaper are getting an image or a point across. available everywhere, which has However, being used incorrectly, different style of language. As we know figurative meaning can be confusing. the Jakarta post newspaper is one of the Next, http://www.englishclub.com English newspaper in Jakarta, and the explain that figurative language is one writer wants to see how the Jakarta post meaning of “figure”, is “drawing”, or newspaper to use the figurative “image”, or “picture”. Figurative meaning. language is to create figures (pictures) 103 DEIKSIS | Vol. 08 No.01 | Januari 2016 | 102 - 110 in the mind of the reader or listener. a figurative of speech and think that These pictures help convey the meaning they are literal, you will find it difficult faster and more vividly than words to understand the language. alone. Figurative language is the In this study, the writer analysis opposite of literal language. Literal some types of figurative speech, such language conveying meaning as exactly as: Personification, Synecdoche, and what it says. Figurative language gives Metonymy. something different to what it says on 1. Personification the surface structure. Guth, H & Rico, G (1997:564) Example: John is as strong as Jack ( states that personification is a literal ) metaphore or a semile that treats John is as strong as a lion ( something non-human as if it were figurative ) human.It is figurative language that In the above example “as strong makes things or animal act. as a lion” is a figure of speech (in this Next, Kirszner, Laurie G. et. case, a simile). It is important to al (1983: 190) states that , recognize the difference between literal personification is an inanimate and figurative meaning. thing, even a concept or an idea is Last, Corbett, Edward P.J (1983: given the attributes or qualities of an 94) stated that Figurative language is an animal or human. Example: ” Love integral part of everyone’s speech not is blind” , “The wind howled” , only do you use hundreds of figures of with this phrase we give speech in your own talking and writing. characteristics usually associated Probably unconsciously, but you have with people or animal to the abstract even invented some of your own. concept “love” and the inanimate Basically a figure of speech is the use of “wind” . Last, a word in a transferred sense; it departs Http://www.esortment.com states from the common literal meaning of a that personification gives a human word and gives the word another quality to in human thing. From the meaning. statements above the writer Based on the statements above the concludes that Personification writer states that figurative meaning is a means give human characteristic or representing way by a figure, or qualities to non human thing such as resemble, typical, representative, used animals or objects. in a sense that is tropical, as a metaphor; not literal; applied to word and 2. Synecdoche expression so it needs our imagination According to Kirszner, Laurie to find the meaning of the statement. G. et. al (1983: 192) Synecdoche is a kind of figurative expression base Types of Figurative Of Speech on part-whole relationship. (Richard Gill, 1985: 48) stated Synecdoche is a small part of a that A figure of speech is any of several thing mentioned. A small part of the kinds of non literal usage of words. thing, but a detail and very Figure of speech is used to achieve and important one, can represent two affect beyond the range of ordinary whole. language. At other times writers and Based on the opinion above, speaker may invent their own figures of the writer states that synecdoche is a speech. If you do not recognize them as 104 The Analysis Figurative Meaning Of Jakarta Post A Paper (Dewi Mutiara Indah Ayu dan Sjafty Nursitti Maili) figurative language in which a part that analogy and imitation may be a is used for the whole. crucial principle in the acquisition of language. 3. Metonymy Metonymy is similar to The Jakarta Post Headlines News synecdoche, but employs the use of 1. The Jakarta Post something even more loosely Jakarta Post is a newspaper associated with the thing that it is edited in Jakarta. It has been intended to represent. Kirszner, published since 1983 by PT.