10 Gregor Strniša in Ljudska Pesem

10 Gregor Strniša in Ljudska Pesem

Masarykova univerzita Filozofická fakulta Ústav slavistiky Slovinský jazyk a literatura Bc. Tereza Ottová Odsev ljudskega pesemskega izročila v pesmih Vena Tauferja in Gregorja Strniše Magisterská diplomová práce Vedoucí práce: doc. PhDr. Alenka Jensterle-Doležalová, CSc. 2012 Prohlašuji, že jsem diplomovou práci vypracovala samostatně s využitím uvedených pramenů a literatury. …………………………………………….. Zahvaljujem se mentorici doc. PhDr. Alenki Jensterle - Doležal, CSc., da mi je omogočila pisati o temi, ki mi je blizu. Prav tako se ji zahvaljujem za nasvete in pobude, ki so me privedli do ugotovitev, s katerimi sem obogatila svoje delo. Hkrati pa se zahvaljujem tudi lektorici mgr. Mateji Kosi za čas in nasvete pri slovenski slovnici. Kazalo vsebine 1 Uvod ................................................................................................................................... 1 2 Cilj in zasnova dela .......................................................................................................... 2 3 Slovenska ljudska pesem ................................................................................................. 4 3.1 Ljudska pesem kot strokovni izraz .............................................................................. 4 3.1.1 Zgodovina pojma .................................................................................................. 4 3.1.2 Ljudska pesem – terminološka opredelitev .......................................................... 5 3.2 Zbiranje in raziskovanje ljudske pesmi na Slovenskem ............................................ 10 4 Ljudska pesem v nasprotju z umetno ........................................................................... 22 4.1 Metodološka izhodišča .............................................................................................. 22 4.2 Ustnost kot osrednja značilnost ljudske pesmi .......................................................... 23 4.3 Melodija – bistveni komunikacijski posrednik ljudske pesmi ................................... 24 4.4 Nastajanje in življenje ljudske in umetne poezije ..................................................... 25 4.5 Način posredovanja ljudske in umetne pesmi ........................................................... 26 4.6 Avtorstvo versus anonimnost .................................................................................... 27 4.7 Tradicionalnost ljudske pesmi ................................................................................... 28 4.8 Variantnost – ena od temeljnih značilnosti ljudskega pesništva ............................... 29 4.9 Oblika ljudske pesmi – specifike verzifikacije .......................................................... 30 4.10 Subjektivnost versus kolektivnost .......................................................................... 33 4.11 Osebni slog v nasprotju s kolektivno cenzuro ....................................................... 34 4.12 Jezik ljudske pesmi v primerjavi z umetno ............................................................ 35 4.13 Ljudska pesem in pesniški izraz............................................................................. 36 4.14 Metaforičnost in simboličnost ljudske pesmi ........................................................ 39 4.15 Ljudska pesem in estetska vloga ............................................................................ 42 4.16 Vrste ljudskih pesmi – razvoj pojmovanja ............................................................. 44 5 Ljudska pesem in slovensko umetno pesništvo ............................................................ 51 5.1 Stikanje ljudskega z umetnim kot fenomen v slovenski literarni tradiciji ................ 51 5.2 Stičišča ljudskega in umetnega skozi preteklost ........................................................ 52 I 5.2.1 Obdobje razsvetljenstva ..................................................................................... 53 5.2.2 Obdobje romantike ............................................................................................. 55 5.2.3 Obdobje po letu 1848 (pomarčna leta) ............................................................... 56 5.2.4 Slovenska moderna ............................................................................................ 58 5.2.5 Ekspresionizem .................................................................................................. 60 5.3 Stikanje med ljudskim in sodobnim slovenskim pesništvom .................................... 61 5.3.1 Časovno obdobje in ustvarjalci .......................................................................... 61 5.3.2 Prvi val – pesniki, rojeni v letih 1929–1943 ...................................................... 62 5.3.3 Pesniška generacija 70. let ................................................................................. 66 5.3.4 Pesniška generacija 80. let ................................................................................. 67 6 Odsevi ljudske pesmi v poeziji Vena Tauferja in Gregorja Strniše .......................... 70 6.1 Ljudske odnosnice v sodobni slovenski poeziji ........................................................ 70 6.1.1 Citati struktur ...................................................................................................... 71 6.1.2 Stilizacije ............................................................................................................ 71 6.1.3 Empirični in preoblikovani citati ........................................................................ 72 6.1.4 Aluzije ................................................................................................................ 72 6.1.5 Parafraze ............................................................................................................. 72 6.1.6 Parodije ............................................................................................................... 72 7 Veno Taufer (1933) ......................................................................................................... 74 8 Taufer in slovenska ljudska pesem ............................................................................... 75 8.1 Jetnik prostosti ........................................................................................................... 77 8.2 Vaje in naloge ............................................................................................................ 78 8.2.1 Ljudske odnosnice v Vajah in nalogah .............................................................. 78 8.3 Podatki ....................................................................................................................... 82 8.3.1 Ljudske odnosnice v zbirki Podatki ................................................................... 83 8.4 Pesmarica rabljenih besed ......................................................................................... 84 8.4.1 Godec pred peklom ............................................................................................ 85 8.4.2 Sveti Matija ubije očeta in mater ........................................................................ 87 8.4.3 Mrtvaška kost ..................................................................................................... 89 II 8.4.4 Riba Faronika nosi svet ...................................................................................... 91 8.4.5 Sežgani in prerojeni človek ................................................................................ 93 8.4.6 Galjot .................................................................................................................. 94 8.4.7 Lepa Vida ........................................................................................................... 95 8.4.8 Pegam in Lambergar .......................................................................................... 96 8.4.9 Kje je moj par ..................................................................................................... 97 8.4.10 Narobe svet ......................................................................................................... 99 8.4.11 Gospod Baroda ................................................................................................. 100 8.4.12 Tauferjevi postopki vgrajevanja ljudskega v umetno....................................... 101 8.4.13 Vloga ljudskih odnosnic v Tauferjevi poeziji .................................................. 104 9 Gregor Strniša (1930–1987) ......................................................................................... 105 10 Gregor Strniša in ljudska pesem ................................................................................. 107 10.1 Strniševa izvirna pesniška forma ......................................................................... 107 10.2 Odisej ................................................................................................................... 109 10.2.1 Lenorina pesem ................................................................................................ 109 10.2.2 Orfejeva pesem ................................................................................................. 111 10.2.3 Lutka ................................................................................................................. 111 10.3 Zvezde .................................................................................................................. 112 10.3.1 Galjot ...............................................................................................................

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